The three common phases of matter arblcf/re 8x224pl oy0f*hc5 oce

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of c5g su,z2qi + fx)exr:t;sa ;y$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit erawz4y+4)fd of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three ha0 n tb 5rxuuze5xr.2z7ve the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. zrx. uz5t u02n rxb5e7 Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pr+,*gcueslq5/- t 7c 3s48loyaijfllgessures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, r,:xgorad;l.t,y bu4 what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom u 4r ,d:t;r.gabo, lxyof a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. Ifya / co(gkpc;ld t/19a you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what h c a/alyto1;g /pc9d(kappens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlg 2;0yd 9jx2 qns)qqlre.

State Archimedes' principle.z 1,qvbch0qjy5yz (m 8

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, -1oy 92/mr yeubkz2 zvi e)n+bwhat happens to the buoyue9+)1kz r/oimbvyy2b e 2n-zant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in botx r l860j);.s+b1cqs+dzuum o ipahj71k 2zchh fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on tbh u6qs10 +zhc;rpc2d)ox.7jilz8s juka +m 1he boat?

  Salt water is more densl: o (u0ji 6d:ynx s. ij3xjjj+nh6x2ie than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of wateij0onujx:2n (6h:jx. ixyj +36 sldij r displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool o t,ynx9-u/gq qf mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the , y tqnq-gux/9ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminumv beg tk1f/3+a v7(cxd sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the +3dgtx /aeb k 1cfvv(7greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of ) w5e lbw5*obya piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in thelb bw*y)5e o5w tub?

  A piece of wood is floati.. izyn+:nubdng in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not tounz.ib. d+n :uych the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a p780drjmqcn b7: v/rd tipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point Ad bmndr78/0 r7tjvq c:. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe +wg 7jec *e;:psrpmy 6widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in s 7mcg*r:+ jpyw6ee p;the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows tow9 ir/n:bnkw; doye4: half its original radius, what is the flow speed:b4wkny /;wdr:n ei9 o in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principley .g:: orvu/ c9kzzv1/rhv9ur.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation t(r10ygd 8ii df35tup2qtu. ln c:t r+of energy in fluids?iittqyu1.trurl fn85 2(+c:3 pdg 0td

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pres/yp qxeunc;i8m f-7e 5sure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point sb5to y;+fmk3kp( 2esB is larger than t(kpys325kf mbo; s +eat point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, peq8ldy- q1,w *.bqey si iula1y31h+the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terq8a 9ydg8 8cr mf,m)kpminal velocity. The force of air resistance on 98kf adgr, 8qcmmy8p)him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R,bv4-kq h 49okq*vwoy 5 are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the groky h4q-5o94wbv q *vokund first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it exn7 2od-nw+cf operiences a drag force dw o+fn7o cn-2$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on agqz+ p di).p6the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if yo.pq+ gda)zpi6u made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same y 1ye *j 85z8xqnr-cctlength, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the1*-8jnxtycz8q c r5 ey flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameterk4zk g kt:.fxuifmco 6 h:m p,:vq88)r, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressuk.ozu:v hmc:t8pifk4q kx:, 6gf r8)mre difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tkij0wz:,ryi4f- 8u0 rg i+lp7/vxojzastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all 7i,igu-kjf o/0r8x z+4r0zlv:jiywp over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a hem,lncel h.-3,afcf4/2 mbqw aight h. If the diameter were half as great, how hlf- aw/ea m,nqmlc f. 4hc32b,igh would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bu h*,3yvnw 4psn)5e s6vc9 amwwg, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weigh s*3,)mnvs96wcw4 5wyvapen ht of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are s2w40 xks-*msbb-ornlp1r6i;i c x6zehnm 6+ yufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. r6bz2ic e y4w-mxl1k-o6n sx*nr6ih;bs 0+pmWhat is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensionsq,o9p rghp23i1s of2j3f rrg9 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its dp,33r19o j2rorggis2ff pq 9h ensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its de6lzb5 vl9duoc-,ln54yg; k vb nsity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the4:bvv h1 bo,zc maximum pressure it can exert bv: 1,o z4vbhcon a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is ).7ey h.8awx5xlg64v xoepyh standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a+(wm/y+avcjbh5 go7 x depth of 120.0 m in the ocm( x5bcogv yh7/ j+a+wean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine , diov+x3 cq/md+gua-dt z ;)kcan withstand a maximum force of-u ddo +div/gqt;),+m z3xcka $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute prre-p0*:gey+ vthe - ojessure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of seas6 mv1 0yiipxd/t;p* y? (The density of seawater ;msixt 6p/ 0*d1iypvyis $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the su) /ah mwcx5yy/sao1x *ctd7kg /(uy4arface of sea? (The density ofy 7hay*5tdx /o(c m4g)c/u1k/as yxaw seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machin*jrt:/(/hu5 xe1+hw puubk kl 5ywe)oe. The small piston has area *1y u/p thl/ wu)o+(jbx5kw:5ekuehr$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the lebr zr ym.s 9r vaajw5bg46;1i 78vx*parge piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be appliwi rse ;a1 ab.y8 gr49 *5z7bvjp6mxrved on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whblc0/zwk xu0ms38mm( c,ufi/ at force needs to be applied t00c fluwms( uxim/ ,bkc/ 3m8zo a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a qnmi: ; )dfhu1hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston h;mq:n1du f i)has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What f, gh/4j +mlzhis the buoyant force of thfghm,+hj4 /l ze water?

  An object has a volume 782204 xxw uvaafvncpof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is suppo(kipcw*g ,xvwe; *d: frted by a string while submerged in water. d,:k p;w*wcx e(fvgi* What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ijbj) vi 9+c;ras $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submari /uqhflo0/e xr kb ,0 ,*(nhtrwssvx9;ne (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is -hv4 byrd c6-xs ,iba5in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What ,r x-s6i-v4 yb 5dhbcais the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is plaws nreq 7;-u9lced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, nlur9-es ;wq7not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a massxy s/ z/h:/ qqi r*nhfrp50c.y of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely fl59gfn)lcmg-635xh cip llb6/kiu a0a oat in water. What is its mxi g il6n ama60 bpkhc95/l-fluc5)3gass?

  A rectangular box of negl h6n652i l w430,azudy evhlbtigible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto thw243,uyz50lhlienta v6dbh 6e box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats witplvi75zdip3s* * d2 lpsd s7l1h half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What l** ddi pp2 1lpssls7zv 35id7is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with u7 t j8yza9sx0three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's dyzt9a78 jusx 0ensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume bz *ugnsc/5quu7 4l 74viz:d okeneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on i7q udzl4 ou 4:kg/ uvn7csz*5the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 1 .d-g g7b yuvap/4ptz500 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwa/g47dp. g py-uv5z tbater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s.cq/x9 3plqpa ) Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 c- l;57o7fge,um )mlj+pgcc pnm diameter restriction in the line. What7, upg5l-7fe)cglmp no +;mcj is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with fx sw x+kvto5tx 5x.)5a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for c2m( l *fqto5za pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fount5 f(q2*tlm czoain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of . wn. 1awlnmogo+6 kf(0vnnd.a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what lnn .6 o g1.+nvnm. wd0wfa(korate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe o, 9q kho(*j*,y7fozicxq7cn dw6y, f pf cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long wou + + ud(xmxx6p0 *tjum3nlb6xgld it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the n x*+nu6tgxum +x(x60bpm3 djleck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artege/4)p9fewkr i0d bzl8.x f 9-wdrt;wry decreased the w9lk4gz dbe.wd)x8/rpirt 9 ; f-fwe0radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diamjszvcg 03hku3k h5ki4o;cl 97eter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise ivkgh5 c4k0uklsz;cj73o 3ih 9n tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water ris5gn kky2 (n sb+;yn4cde in a capillar5+4n2;cgk s nd(bynkyy tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capill9lba(22x,sfea n nz: xary tube with (nxx: ze 2l9sa2a,nfb a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed htw*k*nabj3;aib8 tr sy h.;. vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original v8s*aw;bhk. . ihr*; n tja3ybtalue by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap d)k(8wjhe0x7j)ito lfilm formed within its cj8dowelt ) j(0h ixk)7onfined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and widthz, xm+6stk+ja 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be movez+ kj6 +mxt,asd without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?