The three common phases of ma 8yb0uc) z2hvytter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densivq;,ptga,jc8t hi+f*fi 9x9 kty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unitx;ob7b gnh l(bln2,/ x of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glaslea g jb:)r-,lksb91n ses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more w-be n:1br,al9ls )gkj ater than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference jhqeh *e. i5)f)u,hfdpgrak z+u.w8wz1. z4hbetween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to(njof3b0qskw * 8 k4kr the absolute pressure at the 8bk(sn3k j0qrf *o4wkbottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of api (ao8wfuwk.l p/l1 ) pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the su kiapplu (./f)l18 wworface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlgkag; )a;z4cs e.

State Archimedes' princ;zh5n n;2-jejgt ked cz6*a1q4rxt*wiple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper int* l+ pg);5dcg6;gqs rcig)ksn-lz l3 qo water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on it? qsd-lg6lkpl )*3gsgc;g)5 r +z;cniq

  Salt water has greater density than fresh3y3+( w qh zu,(jvkhpy water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force grew,hq3 k(u+ vyy 3pjhz(ater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship flo-,dpy- * yvfxj z;/hijc .cby6ats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced fvx6i-*c/ yyj z p.j-c, ;bhydin the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a yq8kn+*hrbl n6i9)vzmfw 10l0j5l ug pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greatwzllbnm*5y+6 ni0gf )l 1j hv0r u8q9ker?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits as8 2 jjo8mjqqk76cuy04g 26lqb xui 3et the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lea68 yqm 28jj6 g2ixbl4eu0o3ujkc7q sqd. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of :1+k(m s.g +z, g, )adlr*vxrsmcsbgta piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water ls k1s++g)z.(v,s*r:x cmb, amdtlrgg evel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. 30 - is lm3wz 2xsyjthb6yn)s/o,p-qiA second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens tws-l )30/,ihio sjyz 3 nt-mp2sbxq6yo the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at v,4hwmjf)caks0l / u* pz 08rhhy3sg5point B is larger than at poih3w*4sk slhr/0jhu gfpy0,m 5 z)av8 cnt A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe 0.( wepyvcim2widens to twice its original radiu( mvc.2yw p0eis, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontd*y8 nxf.h0+o fmzi c5xj +xn*al pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is th 0d8m+zixo* hf x+f5n*cy.nj xe flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prin+ktdway0ne61i098f ,lnt r ewciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the yqm8at (n4hz- law of conservation of energy in fluin8h- (4qtzya mds?

  As the speed of a mo,m/a loy,oa1 j 0hhho.ving fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pivl; wgxa2 5j7jpe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure jjgw2avl57x; greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, th r/mkb l4*u(g-xoj+g(dsx d .za-o5rm e paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. o81f76u zso5efgmc7jy1i4oe The force of air resistaso4ei 7ofzeogy8jf5 m 611u7c nce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R an t wys4f:aqvuy/)n7hl 15(do f7b d+eid 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall towy+fsfvn) ae5 i/w(1 q7o:tubhld 4dy7er. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, rd j9q*wxl :s.it experiences a drag f* :lrjsdq9.xw orce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? Tha++-a 0 nvhru/ i//fgmx8qd ahat is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest chm/ -uainavgfh/+r 8xq/h a+d0ange in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length,6efzulp0. * uf2 qd/iy but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the floz./ *2 i6luyqpfue0dfw rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is qy)3z9) jze jxtwice as long as pipe A. Water )zq3)9ejy xz jundergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, ita7j*mhx er) fjtbfi.3u010a g often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of ag0 ubmhi1fje0f* 3j.r ) xta7the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is pll)mrsg(mz m w x;8-w.oaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rlom zm)-wr. 8(wmsxg;ise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, q9,pws.l)d p-0e rf mh8xsxdmu u505gx8fls3are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug Bml,dr8mgxfw 0q-l8s 35u.upphs 9 0)xx5dsef?

  Certain insects, such as the vqwspq- vzdaq* 8xf5v ,i.4id83m otx 2 cfs,2water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom ofdw x5v q4fa2s2 ,ps qdizf8.io-8vmt,xvq c*3 the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass og yh8,hbiv,5b0 .) thazc3ucb f 30.0 g. Whaa8c t3g.zhi)0,hv 5bybh cub,t is its density?

  A liquid has a specife4rhk p p:1.tta);xrj ic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10 csmk90tot1a:a *3h zj.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximcz:*9h10 tkta am jso3um pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 m4akdo a .ff(4N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m/p9n mwq k2k9r in the ocea/q 9w 29nkkprmn?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withsxp(:vqsf)o c d,v0x 1btand a maximum force ofpsv cof xv0,)qb1x:d( $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?qr:iu7bpmf 9zk,1j ; x

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15cn,vn z3 r6s*vd(wx8 c.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawar 6vn3d,n xvc*w cs8z(ter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface o 1 us)*z;9oputy9ra kqf sea? (Th1yokpu9*9 tq)sz;ruae density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic -o.7 1x 3ws6tpzl56rss h7cill j,sbdmachine. The small piston has are l ld6 z56h stl,73px.s jois1bs-wc7ra $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm andr)km n (x2mm xj,qn2(l the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on mkl 2m)xmx,(nnq2 r( jthe large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm di z 33ep8p.bgui +s3tpbameter hydraulic piston. What force needpztg3b epsu .83bp i+3s to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm5 x-t/y,5b tvp6icbg ow3ly9o, and its large piston has a divy9x5 6tt gi3bc/o5- wplo b,yameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the 3 l yj5zbk kcr67:*mk87 5ztzw) frxzuva/3dnbuoyant force/3zz d7653z c 8 f5kn bl7xyzwjr):t* kvmkura of the water?

  An object has a volume ofh/ g*;c(v6mk5je*1v i82l mqh q(tsoozwuw h/ $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder oce3v6(pn p5nl f solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravitp nv( lpe3n56cy of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold 3hrosdz, .8+mpvbgo1 is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel su8z a +ucgt2( c3xe.byibmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6gd4 6 5fztjg:c.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is thef54 :cgdzj g6t specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the s,1oh wvb-6r9b/vlyvg9 +fk jccale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (sp f+ c l/bvo jb9vk,hyg19rw6-vecific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1. (6 :x;wettipk0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and mc :vzyo9 0hr:diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. Wv r0hmyc z9::ohat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass meas1r(hzsxu : y*eures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of (ys1x :rez*uhmass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath th 8n*pwl hk(b+he surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. pblhk w8 +h*(n What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volumed5pkv ag3/ur3 beneath the surf 35v3kd/ urapgace. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume benxu2 .w00 ztffmq3hz4ieath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on0zx2t f wz0hm3 .uqif4 the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stanj2nh rs5u(ejhy1 2dm pt(28ol/xfk(bds on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimup (e(yb1dh2mx f(ls2j85t /jhknr ou 2m area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Findqf(p fd -i*ei; the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diame05qsb* lcu*ilter restriction in the line. What u*sll* 50bqci is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure on+mus 5,slbvn 1 hbs63f $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump go3(mi8bj zvl*ht i0- bs +yp6to supply a drinking fountain with 300 bviglt -8z0b3* h(+m6ji ypsokPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom z4 v:ojf5 ox7d6rm.alof a water storage tank that holds water at a dept:aoj.4x6f od rvm7z l5h of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontatxck;.2,0y lgh4vyle l pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it tax9z(s0o:6rn1t8ltb 4daqu ivke to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the dba z4 o(l1xr9q:t 6v tinus80neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery g( zb8 5aj3yxsdecreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the jyb5a8 s3 gxz(heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twid 3nv a2znvye; .dx-z:ce the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will3z-xvv.dn; :za dney2 it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water /ov.ukbfwm5 9x4 0sdlis 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm4om5l.fbv w0ds9ux k /?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degreg z0n 1m:ju;bpdt 54: vji4unde Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diamete0dinj;p1uub :dmtnz4:4v j5g r of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the watg4k9 zwpl41 ther rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surfacet4 gz1kw9plh4 tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular framew)crnh3(nh ub dql 7.8 of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, wunbhcr. dn)7lq(8 3hhow much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is /z 4j8tx ypnc:o5 5/jtu7spur 7k,j ewbuilt in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in thrn coxpt4j z7/tk:p w 578u,jsj/uy5ee frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?