The three common phases of matter m 1ejrqw rb 7/q1ya(:q1fj;g,;zvujnare

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofi7tt ,+nuv a/f6hox; j4hy9jt $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressc5;eq:mb8e : jf l atuh95us4ture?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All thres *tzo r0sgio85w1 uu5e have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and u0suwz s i51oot8g*r5 so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures in0ogwku/)a 8nn9 ek c+uside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what haqaaze*906w8kr oi4m) m)fzm *g mj* pdppens to the absolute pressure at the bottom ofmjm am8m*))ripg4w**09 akdfz 6eqoz a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. +di n1a7x3qr 6c/jzs t.o emc/ If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the c.1 dqa e7js//mitonzc3 r x+6absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlex yx pi;3uue7u8nu5v-.

State Archimedes' principlecz, xb2w;b-es.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deepern7 ow6j-p9gbq9k ; kbnou)ws 2 into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant forcjbu oo - 2wgn6sw7kbpn9q )9;ke on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat flo)b5a1 qxr1:ggpt,kru9c- i g pats in both fresh water and i ,qt) 1bg9xak pup g:g5rirc-1n salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in botoq)dk 1(dd -hnh fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt watd dd) oh(-q1nker is

  A steel ball sinks in water but flo ic29a: f.ippz5+ s,n ildxbh/ats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the balb+ xh29ii/pizn:s a5flc . p,dl greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits7aqld2.aiw +f qmhm:* at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has theialqw:h2q.*dfmam7 + greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in aj tz :ss0u+pah67eja: bathtub. If the iron is r7sj :h+j 60zueapts:aemoved from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtuw .og( h11yqc,e 3(l6ztpwezrb. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first prczpe(6 1te1,qo3g.l whzw(y iece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipee2m315uq(zzk fa,xh9ajh3j i at point B is larger than at point A. Where is i35aqz mae,x3j hfhz2 kuj(91 the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If.fyrc 49a6 fbu*bnr16v8zng x the pipe widens to twice its original radius64 f1cafzb 6x.b9gr8vnry* un, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifj;7t1jldu;,vu p *drl wc7 lm+ygy+3u the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower seculjr7ltjwg 7,dd+c;lpu1 3 y ;uy *m+vtion?

State Bernoulli's principl234)nz ,f tuo/el upzbe.

  Which one of the following is associated with the wt /)9c-v 9ek6(lo t vpbexk7olaw of conservation of energy in fluids? to-x 9eeb(vpow7t)ck 6l9k /v

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, thyc:f9j0t a3h3o) ; hrzp2/5wpm vjfww e pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of th; 9k1 xdpifxd/e pipe at point B is larger than at point Ap 1kf9/;d xxid. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a pasqwt, 8dnf0 p xt*v1.eper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resist90amz+ oxp2jav e) (unance o2a+jue9 oz(x pv a0nm)n him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simulnjfx29qp6zp(8 gu qr+.*j 2vh ngcb -ataneously from a tall tower. Which wi ung*6-p.nbq+h rg2p8qj 2acfzjx (9 vll reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experience(ar;kd(hf*zbyr z0l91b tya)s a drag force rty *hk) z; z (y90bab(arfd1l$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipf4xtrz 6o,p 4de? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change rtdxf4pzo , 64in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but piti k+p- x,b44yg g:rcvpe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pip-4+rycbv4kpi, :xgtges, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twic ikz1lsyw-7j w6d*1zv e as long as pipe A. Water undervy z11dz7 l- *jkw6iwsgoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasycbu1io(rt7 3r+rjp7kk: bmp (. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, insteac:p7o+kmu13i7rpbrt ( rj(kb d of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a heigd0z, p)nk4 v*rfji4 llht h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wrf0i4 ,llpzvdj ) k*n4ould the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lif4zh .xfnm w5;ghtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug. 4w5hfxf;z nm B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bu p*840lxbfg/ ybup lb/d/6tr bg, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tensio* pdlb4f6/g0rxb p/ yb/ lb8utn, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dd7xx 2p;zdy 3qimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What z7dyq3x2p dx ;is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is itsug:oalmg9 )t-u4:c6o )q orhi density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the mo4ehy(6dlep7+i4neb se-v 8 kaximum pressuroep4e e 46d-(hlny7e 8b+ ivkse it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has jkt 7bcr vu02-area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine mge2 e9c/xa i2k73s7 iwj kb-iwithstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocea i x3s7 /aj-iekg wmb2ki9ce72n?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a cg kag+b81up/y5d0 mb maximum force of/bayc dgpkg051 mub8 + $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if 1ubso)54 1pnfib7; )tbwb qsvo 1j 6xjthe absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the xa) ewd-xja; lw22d 3ysurface of sea? (The density of seawatw-2ddxa ) yjl ae32;xwer is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locati.: 9ggho,nq *df .lsezgi m;n.on 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater d:g n*g hfs..9, qozing;l em.is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the f,tset81n67r t.u4vw ou9bg msmall piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arevm rg,8u.oftu6wt7 1t4n 9s bea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift,ir,wmya/7 .q(x 1x,p q sm1ihe the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston,e /wm(xxqiqh71s1,.i ryam p?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whau6wnv5 gw0rb/t force needs to be app nb 5/urv06wwglied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large p4rtslyx 151 fqiston has a diameter of 415rys 1t4qx lf0 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant fo:x*sl1,ms lx4 (dscno rce of the w,sl s sl*1dx (4xnom:cater?

  An object has a volumeqv *y)xmxmr :t fv*yh oq(y2). of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a strin2 8pl:bso kju nh-.vm-g while submerged in water. What is the s:mlvn8b2hku-o- j.p tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i5vybk(o jss,6z 6 f2,k itnw-wk4be z(s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarinex h wpfl./nq)2 (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air analttqrjjbsd 6d (6ev +q+1:t4d 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific grav tve t6lqt+j6 rdd+4a(s1b j:qity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 a b6lplk)-i/u g. Now a 20-g piece of/upk)lila-b 6 copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass ofw d:b lc to,me+ye-*1q 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will jusz peu3qza o1-(idkc- np 0*1,pugqf ji5muk78t barely float in water. What jfg3ci5k pz-u z(i *1 q o,mqpk0e-nud u17p8ais its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass meas9sk2.bphtyan m x- h),wd2b.azu z 4k0rgh24dures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a uz-by4rswm 2)h2k h2.4,a h n dg abdxzk9tp.0lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the wate bb.o-at w2hz yhm6855v7v svxr. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is ths5bzx56v.o 7bwv-82ht h vmyae weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume benk.ivho/h0l d; eath the surface./dk. 0liho;v h What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volm9(557t h0ub lh jnqprume beneath the surface of the water. What ibu75qlr0(t mn9 5pjhh s the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 2 9*djurku-a -vicnh 4g.v id:s.r,-s k00 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of tv, 4*g -ksj ns9 kvda.c.:ur-ihiud-rhe floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe ofq,c. ftbr0ey6qpf9w55x q nd/ diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Thzteyk8r+;z-u ere is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the lineetykzu-;8 r+z. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal 3r4qrddpit pei98 -v2pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply2t.lm -gjs85fde7ly. m mr: ns*erjt 8 a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above thed:gf.mtj*mtse -rj ne52 l7ry8 s 8m.l pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds)d0 q aye:;h,fd ux1sg water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will wag,sqyuh:0ax1 f)e;d dter flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pii, 7 f ukeu8t .g2wtcfvjr(4n:pe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 hbd; :k;odlgf2y*pcxm0;l g 27 luil1Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assuxggp2 c;yk l1:2d u;0f*bli7hmlld o ;me the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreasedoh0 +rj pe0:ak-k9 so(c3g uor the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart havo:- gurseoa 09 hj+03okrp( kce to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter o;:;q dvik bl 4;z/b wu.ibenr(f tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wil;zrbin4 uvke/d(bbi.;q ;l : wl it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water oq)1(f )4lqprhoxn j h/ 93bkxis 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tubeqkon1phf jx hx)39 (b4olq )/r of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise; yhg0b 169wqkrx 9eni in a glass capillary tube with a dik6rqn b;1w9 hi e0yxg9ameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the watel5 elh.odz74d r rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its o l4e lhddo5z.7riginal value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m p ho7; qj(q fhg,jja+oqgk, 7 ur:-is1and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tensrq(,,q7sh;hu:o q o7j-f jigj k 1+gapion of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in)wvub *:cskdv vxzk-lpe 30;9 such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursekvzp0v9wx3cv d-su l k);b*:ting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?