The three common phases ry,ej3 s:+chaglkx) m 9df06aof matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a deqa8 ki mxplb:o 00z -5vo 6yx)6wypa6mnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressu9 m4nvqvs3 ab,zvav5ia4iy3 2re?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same aread5x;b jciwui 3wdw s ln8roe:1w;*d)8 base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glasdi;j*n s88wd13 wldrbx iw :cw)5eo;us C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside)eakzm 7d7r/pa)un r73 vjn:0lu+g hzs slh:/ and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to 1z8 dta0d so*hthe absolute pressure at the bottom *tdo0hza1d 8s of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If .g7l/ t9ahwo+a ybb4kyou dive to 2.0 m beneath the suk7y tog4awl9+/.b hbarface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principl qte ikrc6.4wfv7 9zo0e.

State Archimedes' praepwj,9iqx.( inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what h odd x cie8+ro+ 9cgz9w8q(mj;appens to therw(dc ixj;oc z+98m 9+qg8deo buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat fl q-qw5v *dtry.oats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force.vyqw d5r*tq- greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in v;9anmezi g42both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the voliae z;n2vg9 m4ume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but flwl.ic;lr/ 4 ezn m+u+poats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greew+/ ; mzru.n4p +clliater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, ri(ma4)nxzvp2 3wtq bu.ght next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater bu4(n2bp 3at .w muzx)qvoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece,y8sigwpiuwy; ) 0y;i of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood) ii8,i;p wyuyys0gw; , what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on op 4+6 o rbo2keimx-3btop of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what ha o-p m e2+43bkroixbo6ppens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pig smo*t*owocg )0fl rrz27h 12pe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the )w0grhf2cr lt*oz1g2so om 7* water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If txxr1jy4a f.8rk1x08b g7 1 amvontp(mhe pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the b14xtn o .8 gmrkarpj8xamy1(0f 1v 7xflow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hrwlj6zj/9+my uzw9* 4bj neb6orizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the nbr6 wb+z99en /*j y4j mljuw6zarrower section?

State Bernoulli's prina:y5vm1jiru( ciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conseg.jxhbf4 i /n1n.liq/ rvation of energy in fluids 1/ gii/ qf4bln.jnx.h?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure o 8hk 7krbf3g*in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is la/etf m2f.(h clrger than at p cf2em .(/tlhfoint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This bwp 7warfw:e2 d6gs24/qs-t u is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. Thvc)cx.ln36j60n mmyce force of air resistance on hm6.jcxnl cn) y63 cm0vim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii Rhkq* 98dp y8ag and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which wilk*8 yghapd q98l reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of rad93i :pp;)g8 vrr;;9jldplyk va yzdy,ius r falls through water, it experiences a drag force ; ) 9;rvp:ygdkpv8 yar3 lzlp;y9,jid$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? k -u(sjw o:)lu That is, if you made a 10% chankl-u()wj:o usge in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same leng, mz.k;:)9kpolavxg mg4h,p i th, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water uhm4k;9),pvok zi:l.g xag m, pndergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same0j 3s3 grz2x zwh)w/ahfu ji;7rml8/c diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, su;2zw3irm 8j0/w/l)sh f zr g7jx3chuabject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be ak+meq (*zjs,z :pckud-+spm+ ssociated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead o+pe:*d+qmm j ,kz psk z-cs+(uf staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, thes5:8p d8t ww9fh55ay1wisyru water rises to a height h. If thes185ywaw5ry i9 pw s:ftudh85 diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufk dd8uah a,bva4(-el :ficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twie8:-dl ad( 4 kahbva,uce as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such ew hn*ud +y*:qas the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twiq nd*uhew *y+:ce as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 dnl5dz) w u eh1/8ox094rjz kncm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its d80z xh juodn14k wze9dl/5r) nensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 01/8wg 9 bicsm); ugq*m,p-/enkidtrh .357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30/ j+y0kcc-dgz0x 1pa(acktw6ls.np(.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal suwp ydz . g(0axk1 k6c+( stnaj-pl0cc/rface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshvb4tlx: m:4rsjj,w- w oe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 jp)yk1y dcngi,s6- j +m in the 6gik,-n )yjs +pdy1 jcocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm q:7-we fjrh3tdiameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of w-et7qfhj 3:r $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressurb/4n;b t:fgfxe is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.o h;;gmx.ir nd1zb34 prpd14 o0 m below the surface of sea? (The ;o 3z 1b;h n.i44mxr1pdrdg opdensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute ; 8;rg/6+g:vkmfr5g )n oc -qkiz/t-jom avrbpressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density o+5r o8 rvr)ko j; 6m;g/gi:qzkcftvm- /-g anbf seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits ol 6j9v xyg7g 6t3e/izg1mi p:in the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arj79 yl pem3gg1/g:x6iz 6ivi tea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radia64f ni-;qyav h +pkc-us of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in orderih;4p va+yqkn6fa - c- to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by8b st-asa yna1,1ke2h a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied t1n8eyt1 ka -a2b hs,sao a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameterqlf7k -qt2 fs( of 8.0 cm, and its large piston hasl2-q7ksf t( fq a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the b oat 4txjy3e7plk-juw 8.73sbuoyant force of the wtuae7x8-lojtwj k7s.43p 3 byater?

  An object has a volumewk3a24r od(jt of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ir/ r 5r8+/qk0y ddcqbgion is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravityr/iqqb5gcdr y/+kd 08 of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gop6f 0zj,cnh7rv(i1ve ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (den cvlmv-m7ofe;b5 .) ccu 0nh-qsity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immerst,wouulgm n(y.z -j*3xi -l *ved in water. What is the s3y ,i.v(jlu* tn -* -xogmwluzpecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 2q2r6fhj, s )ocuzrd6 )0-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touchqd 6s)r ),26h urocfjzing
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a 8ha qd5su0.x1gu ,bdi mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 jd0ei4;)yxw :/ujq axcm will just barely float in water. Whax/:w; 0qdaj e4uxiyj)t is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligib egqkh q fh;8it*76*63cax sarle mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can r3*g;s7qhta6ef qhk *8xcia6 be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume b.pr5p vl*n *;ym mg)heeneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the ob vhm .)p pyl*;er5g*mnject?

  A solid object floats in watvadf faa 2dcj+1- t2,oer with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's densif2ddc1taaov2a+ f ,- jty?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume benea xx.duoa* * 32l8*aier o:j h5c2kkejyth the surface of the ek3yj* e*ook*a 2 l5urdixa2. 8jhc:xwater. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice flocyuj. y)/2 ajjrqe6c*9e efgtr18a/w e 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of s1u9*)c ej/ qwy62a/er.ter gf acjy8j pecific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe ck7azf zy,ex(a* 68 izof diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diametlr 18 a9sh3u23fjw iwier pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this rshww i891ul2f3 jia3 restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressur9co4 euo dfk1/e of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pumv /uc0ppr5yy2 p to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0pv/uc0y yr52 p m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs .a-h3d0vah ox, dl -iyin the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flowxlh-.i0aa 3-y , dovdh out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizfv( m x4(3xsvzjxn nx)8)z,loontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4zvhyym z6 o)8np5x7t/.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part o)h8z5 xyvmy no6/z7 tpf the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on thevk 62qk( sweo4 wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to(o6kq s2 vw4ke be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are3, yhl4;pc.1npd yo um placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wilcm;po, y pn1dyu43h.ll it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water ris0mpv4cf(lcniw-edh j/) 81o6f y3bc me in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 fh)f3v d8(-4 mi0wcbp1yecj /l ncm6omm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary xp)y r9 1.mwtktube with y .)tw9prx1mka diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed verticall v+)7bi/u1wop-bq3om0 jhyb by in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the)j1buqmbpi- vb+3w7 h0yo/b o tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengtj *ul3 lgk3w8gh 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined arej83 *3ugwlklg a. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has len m/ydgrv+pu) -gth 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy wvp-y /r mgu)+dater has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?