The three common phases of me4o0j 2yfv naz-0nm ;datter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dengr c5gpty(d 56sity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not-)5 qwedginh)mvf 19 c a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area basz *, r-xlu- rsb-pn(pan73 rb6dgt8u se, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water tnz7s dau b3u8l -s trxg,-p-r(*6rnpbhan A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire ca ccosc)r.w 04wlled?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure a dpd -np9 xt6.)dr4tnmt the bottomnt4 drdpx . d96p)mtn- of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If youm;2vtz 2fc8w wea 5eb8 dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressur2fmw b5 28e8 w;tazvece on you?

State Pascal's principl9q0cb)uyk3vz k w5 b2pe.

State Archimedes' princok8r- 5 jh78nkb z,n1c85f+ryvcc vf qiple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of consj j, o4sf,y(moxvj)5ltant density, what happens to the boly)svf,j4,oj(m jx5 uoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in botjo5qkom4 sk9 6h fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater sk59o q k4oj6mon the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water axh+tq (f5 qo;vnd salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the voluhvq+xtq ;(fo 5me of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is theb2 hm,dlvt7zq c n x+-fmm:ap*+pu--e buoyant forc lmupde *-t72,-mm - +:anpxzcfqhv+b e on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of 1 jlo n3xur1er-y22kj a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force oye1xj22ko-r r 13ul njn it?

  A piece of iron rests on top1zfv)mw cq2dn1 2fac- of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to th1qa)zdnc cw mv 12-2ffe water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating i-uxk l-7a:x*yrm9du8qmrl7evngvw*1 m* 7ogn a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tu lxlwv8qed9mnmy7gokgv mr *u*: r-7*17 ax- ub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poi:c4w6 *mugpg 8v6pvj3virm 5otg (a.snt B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water greater4vav6(r8o. pgmvmsgjc :5ptu6 *gi3w ?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pi *qjoe720qte 0szfy s5*f9sfcpe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider sectionefqsf* jsefz oy7290tq0*s c 5?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the p8ckwk,zob 8m3okul 7nc..z 2sipe narrows to half iowklmzukz8k o 2nb83 cs.c7,.ts original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri. 4*xk fyrxb6 ,vecbt-ks(5v6wffn k)t1 f4 hbnciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservatrcda:vp2e/ v4 ion of energy inpar2cve:d4v/ fluids?

  As the speed of a moving r4)enrz- 1snixn q,pk8 8qtcgc 2y05mfluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The dia6e/ jlf*bu u1zmeter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest? 6zjuue*lb /1f

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. l56a+d d26 r*zzkky7kc-ibj bThis is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. Tswy1 i z/uv)c6wvb)y:10cn.vif 7mkolbaa3 0he force of air resistance on himyzv0w c) 7 l6 ufab11yi3/0b)vwc :okinm s.va is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a n (ocz7 dka47btall 7 bkz74d oa(nctower. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it exper( k ax1mv7+r zkmf-o n+s;u,45dj lz6g l)iutoiences a drag forsv 7f(m -xalz5o juzrk+ko n,d l)g;mut4i 6+1ce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatesth8k( t7dv6 gip effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause th8t(dvi gk7p h6e greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but 3mp04t8 y gdgdpipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flmdggt8ydp430 ow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipesugb(- (ujx3ekl lv( r( have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pip3- l((kjbu (lger(xuv es, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greas o6 (;ap01psmo)iv/xr nhr t 1o).hdacy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in lir o/pps1 hodtacoahn (x ;r01v6)im).ttle globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in lqg6 u:ce5p o :ua,0alwater, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water risala c5oq,uu::e 0lg 6pe?

  Certain insects, such as the water bz:0 l a;d:tgtw*:8x 2ccu; vg :euggcyug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bdtg:vz;0g*8c ltuge:2gwx::uycca;ug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they c 2)b6a nzaiqq.an run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the watqnq2az)bi.6 aer, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x4ix+yzew z,xo 7zh mm24utg01 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its mz4ez +u704x, g z2yxhtoi 1mwdensity?

  A liquid has a specific gra n 84l9f5s nxljv8vi7uvity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 e; vn8(css6 fw;78 azpnblg x;cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can ex8vlsnp b8 ;sg; cn6fwe7zax(;ert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has 9umz; h6dftypd1 n,6marea $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withst( f q;j0/xuvxland at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?/ l;v (uxxqj0f

  A circular window of 30 cm diav sexr9u3 ff0,meter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forcexuvr3 f 0s,fe9 of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPayrbfl1 fx v+ruxce t(t.d nd: 4g:/z)(?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locatia;pbt*/4vp ox on 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawate;xopa pbv4/ t*r is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surk(j/q d uv+c1vop*ljw( )cr9 lface of sea? (The densql+(*ojr (uljdv 1v) ccwk/p9 ity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small u:cugw.5px:w pfh: p3 pistonf xuwphg :up:c.w p3:5 has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small pistonl6d7x:vz)w w-z:yjaw has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston i)vw:zz y:-wa7wdl6 jxn order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter h 7o/+eqx-kqpvydraulic piston. What force needs to bekqoev q+ px/7- applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diamhvuo,b2 95kuhdc/+uh eter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,vh+92d ,kh uc5u ob/hu000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the bu4dg 9rpf fx8m2vr0 yo)oyant force of the w8rx94) g0ff2podyrmv ater?

  An object has a volus,g: g7:rji3 ng5ud oame of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is support , t61wgutfk;wd,.k- yqfiv1wkvo03ued by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron ifkuiv q0vyfo ,w-.1,w kwutg; t3 61kds 7.86.)

  If the density of gol u2ncnl2v0ji br1 qpr17qj/9ud is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel subma9 i7zoz)eyum* rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is imm uc/u nl0,2yiy86q)m fifpz)lersed in water. Whayy)/n0if86)qc m,pu2 fl lziut is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a sc 5p+3v*,t 87mol , kudvccebzhale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, n,v bm7cz ck*lv 3,de h8tp+5uoot touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum win+ 7l6(c x lqxau*ht-fth a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cmyzcp djw3z (p20(r d.p2u79sma egat( and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is yzpprd(9zus0(jwag.(at2e m 2pd 7c3its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wif u: 0mz+efb1,mlqr(ok;ki;cde, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it,b ue0i: +;lmc(ffqz rmk;1ok sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half igjex*,h+u+yphn biv1d1 a , pf(bo50w ts volume beneath the surface of the water. The weigh1fjeu( 5ya , wbhopv0,i+xnbh*1+ gpdt of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the,uwe7tt q, 3va surface. What is the objectqt,vae,t3u w7 's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the saqe2xp5y4a s e6 xm,g7urface of the wate ,y 7eeagx65m2qs4xapr. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands o 3hmg8-3:/c8a quglxpk,n wr m1z x7xfn an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of thmx8l-q,w/73gx 1z3p c8gkruma:fh xn e floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm lj) im2 7deui/4r whpba,;2yz at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s.42byrrp z3m)ilfl5) t There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in thi tlbl42r p3zfr)m5)yis restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe wivm(y6kk5qu wfm5o5 z8 th a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to c 61:mqo jqrj3 jcb5ur51 ir2tvve;uir/o 7c;supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the 1 o c rj5/ crvt:o1cq6rij7 m;2quvij5b;u er3pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage ta l ofy 4p0 *9ywyl*i:km1s7rmfnk that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what ratf 7mlp i4ykm* yys0w*fr1o: l9e will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a hor;) efzc90(b wt +jyxxrizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.o13(enw,gyn7y+ i6e)h hi xiy 20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of , 6g hhw) i1 nyi(y3iony+exe7oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery ,gx9 (ij 52cxei xo2bsdecreased the radius by 10%. By how much w5ig2e2x9 jisbc( xx ,oould the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has vw;lvj6z6bj7 x u;i11t+u efttwice the diameter of tube B. Ifb vv t;x+61ujliz 6;w7feu1j t water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will b kjs/3a,vovmvmy5 vh .-1j z4water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 jaj 13.vsk54, vzv -yhommvb/ mm?

  232

  To what height would wluf .b44f7 hf4myeart4u)g w0ater at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameth)4ar0tg m.u74fuffe4 lw 4by er of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water ri3bk(yd zp1;l rb1 mi)qses in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tensioi) lmpbqk 1(1 ;ydbrz3n in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0./:.h1 c 0ugme lnp9kmn600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exer/l nceg 091pnu :mkhm.t on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm+g+)- affpg q)a0qicm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy watera+ fqa-c0 igp+qfg) m) has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?