The three common phases of matma+-to (aza5.xwy w :pter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of cces.v+a(r v rqmn. tg2*7n, l$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit v2ou3e a5jfth2;an /wmsh-/o 0kb h-u of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all thrf huv0o*g hjj16, 5)tseq(wpmee are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water thf)*sv6 0m1(5jqj p uowge,th han A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outsidnuio- x4gp 1:fivxy78e a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at tlru6o9scn f7 /he bot 9nuof c7/lsr6tom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0aibk hlmc 0gd4(gbn 5r; 9:j6g m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute presm60:j i b; gbn5rgh lac(k9g4dsure on you?

State Pascal's princif3lk4e:k hh) xple.

State Archimedes' principgqy 64n*kwho *ac yj69le.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densitya )p8sm 1nhwkf l5;isp;h* yo+, what happens t*kfpsowsiapn;8)ml h1 +y;h 5o the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in botb0.5v1bmf irmlr7o ,lh fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant forcemb,b0imfl 7 rr1o .lv5 greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship float+zt1fc +hn9dos in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to thef19 ++ohn zcdt fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats-:c74 1rd,ozkji0qv6i+ oghec rl 4wa in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant forcc6-4,0zlvgc qoaejro: h14ii+7w k rde on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of alu+::;) esm6vhqdj1ljbbsq: j15c x l bcminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. :5lbvlcjdjqe+ bxh:)j1cbq:s ;61sm Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bae+0 pxu0yx+dtj*cn;m thtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens0dmj0cxyxeut + +pn;* to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits9npyd-ys3w.0y exf1s on top of the first piece, and does not touc- fp31s.y yy0n9wx sdeh the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of ty tj af-k2q2b.1iqhpbxl0tk0y;n-7ohe pipe at point B is larger than h yt02fqb-bkiqo .tyj2;kn 1 -7xal0pat point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizon e0u3- qwekyxnstn)*4cvvl06tal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider w-0syux 6)*cnltnkv30ve q 4e section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrouenk 8ua-.*ndy29 )1bt vtnxq ws to half its original radius, what ia bqu-8vt1xku nt*n)9y2.ned s the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principlhusqfgei92o2or8:1c e.

  Which one of the following is associated with the l zxj(7tbwttk:al 53 :vqlb g01aw of conservation of energy in flqtv0tw gl3::abxz 1 j7l5( btkuids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in t86ls;2 *tw kup+f wetwhe fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poin4p1sznzfpc0 t3 47mpat B is larger than at 4zs7p 4afptcm103 pz npoint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is btsqmgeyi5 )14 cgtb 2(ecause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The forc.n i0x)guk4 wee of air resistance on ug)ke4wxni. 0him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released5tcs1a0 q4.s+ /e yr hfviryz2 simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground first+ a z.vc f0isr tye52rq41/hsy?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it exper7as cwr(e-rq* iences a drag qre (-ws*acr 7force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a nad d+ p6uc 8bgw4ck+c7arrow pipe? That is wg4b+uac7 c+dd6pc8k, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same len (egu(.reooo+m04tm e gth, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flowo4eemg.(e+tr ( 0mouo rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes jj p. fk2ai w ac/7q7)h-,yemyhave the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to tq)mya.7ph c2y jj,/ aifwk7e -he same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thhfqxl9h-)53qzng/++9: gx kj)va lsemkbo6m is "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readilmj s) f gbaq6 v/+k 3l95hxql xke:zgn9-om)+hy explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed ilaaktmh1 -*:j n water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as gre1 kjm*aahtl:- at, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighv4w6qjipl ;q /t that they can run on top of water withoutji;wp4ql q6v / breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they:eyur0 .rd1l hk xk2,g can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible2: ye,kg1rhxd0lru . k because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm hasjv5k*,*mfnrw g z4l3 a a mass of 30.0 g. What is its de kw3n4f5zl,mrag* vj*nsity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densit6djs ,ddp,f;l6 :zgstv5j0uq y?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is th.dpz/3:j dcleztg z6n;l4yn 2e maximuel6t z d:nn y4;g2dj3./plzc zm pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is ser) q /pgm3vvhv7zzhc24ok ee77z +omcfn70 *tanding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a dexi;y2lsx+f u9- gp;tyus6h q1pth of 120.0 m in the ;u yp; f 6shl+gxst29 -qyiux1ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can with oj:h r(zo8w9fstand a maximum forcerjoh(zfo: 89w of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 3*zbtu v:u26n hrvr1p 900 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locat1n6st8 vird,xv6h3 fcion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densi, ih63 dcsv8rfx v6n1tty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a l,terew;ywnng25dr: s k/awk+q4r c/ , ocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dendwtqs25cr+;r n en,:k /kwwyr/, 4 eagsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The sma5jpda9gjvz*nn d .1o)pjw ;679 vl ba*vggp 0dll piston hasvag0 9lpw*b dj9o5.n7pj p*z )vgdj gn;dav16 area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 fo c nnp;r9i:bkyk:7nr-sg(6 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What fo;g: i(nk6pobrf n s-cn:97ykrrce must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to+oopljsbn mhex *cpla ,gssgt-,-ra7675+p - be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pis 7 palsjnrss-p5 o6hl-,+ae +po*m7t-,g cbxgton to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large pihx:+zt3va)k x7q(bi ; .mxbgtgvm,) sston has a diameter of hb(t.:m )s,vx7gvx3zmgaq;+ ib)txk 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 4qnhxd 2-;o7 . q+ujzk rq;tqn/0 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the water?zd+ qq qoq;.jtrkn7xu2-/;nh

  An object has a volume * r cm,sby zj:gv 0f2iaw551weof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string wh 68ofsdq ;aa dj(*ps3gile submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity;*p s(go ads3j8fdaq 6 of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is -azlc c5xyoj6g1 3uh0$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarinevpnu.0i5su 3y (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.8oa2ft94 :8tj 6z7s ;+glfrn,vh1zmeicvr(hj 6 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravit2h;z8f14z9,ofrcv e6 svrg+lt(a: mht in jj7 y of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale rp49-cemx x pw7eads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece o4wpm7p xx9e-c f copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kq7d*rsiqr6x:vlt s, ; -zuu2nbusa 75g and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm x7x o:5*pbgtm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its5b*xxp:t m7go mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and,xav 7k6 rffw:kms(*x b zlhnmm:v1t*, g3j-i 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loadenbf s-vvlz:k*jt,mxm 6a( x rk *wi3gf,7h m1:d onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half i 2+jusyw :v:b pa0wj8kts volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the vjwpjbku08 2 a:s:w+ yobject?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume benea f8:ambbx: v6mth the surface. What is the obm6avf:mbx8 : bject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths8nu74, dwr 1he3wftak of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objtrh7 1,4d3uwn f 8kaweect?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stan0r )htqkolwt0i7kes6m /q (3bds on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of0(w3ter)mb/ h l6k 7so qt0iqk ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0sk:v p1moi9 cui7+gy6 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. /5 kyp 5dcshl0There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is t/lh55d kp0 cyshe velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressuro(/* ju+jjdtc /7kf awe of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain wiissnf:7,dq p,n311pwxd. j t xth 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above thes31i71xqwstn, .ndpf dx:pj , pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the botapj93qu + ;phitom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. p+h 9;3qui ajpAt what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectio)mg7 fob c p3gl(m6s1 jca)wr0nal area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. Hr 1rt 3yupg3o*ow long would it take to pour 4.0 L 3 *tygo3uprr1of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased m7hq ,e7wob-jthe radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant bloodbm,oj7-w e7hq flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tp2 )du zwzj w)v84o3nfube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tuduwz82) v wnfz4 pj)3obe A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high wvv0gyiq tu;p: ze*:d7,d6b2umrbz)y ill water rise in a capillyebz0y*ip;qmv, v tdurzd7:u 6 g)2b:ary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillaz5e+ep3 ;i tc*. ,vilct4kfxwf *,ogury tube with a diame.i utw,p,gk lec5e ;ofx *4+t3icf*v zter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water riseb 6vda-b jh .qah*0hz1s in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to odb-ha 0vh6jza1b .hq*ne-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with ajoy iqy(f kqxkj:8,;h 8w1t,w soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does,81hqitq,y; kwfwjxy8 ko :j ( the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has lecyehi-+3dlzc /zsdhbtsp5-6*2 nhi4 ngth 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that tth ch iy c dss5bn-h-ez4i+dz/3p6l2*he frame is 12 cm square?