The three common phase dnz/6 ia.*lpf6q/oidt-s*xks of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens7e,tapv k:g *mity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?2e8k/mytw j/o 0nrcm0e/s,ij

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area bas- jwjwe,l7lc 0*hid+ae, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at,cwlhd- l0 *j+eiw7j a the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressur6m8swagd; iv:1f.ux/ wel 2 kyes inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happoq0 evjs; o/8rens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a s8/ov;0rje oq pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pooa0 d)vk1x2amv l. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens tovka0vdax2 )m1 the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princixpcju8( jfd: g1n4*yrple.

State Archimedes' principd7zxzh ,q-t)fu gq6( rle.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper int* lda e..n/hv.4lsqe0 dcxlj.o5 *ypxo water of constant density, what happens to the4 ..qce*l s/5jnelxdh..0a oxl*yvdp buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in ba+dmh;i7 de+aoth fresh water and in mae+ i+7d; hdasalt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship flo;fb1p+lnt+r0qdhp m/ (xqdi -ats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume oflnh rti+b+;- q (xf0pqd1d p/m water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but2m5d xl1)m zut floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on mdtm)5 uz12xlthe ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-e 8d(( i9 6:3 sv- tlqjou g0dwu+zjh6z8tdnikkg piece of lead. Which has the greater buo uwi 8h +(d8kdsi-6n0jg6qo :t lu9vdjetzz3 (yant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If t7p0o58sb dh*x 1bav3 fdrtoz7d4 hvt/-g 4mywhe iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tubmvz 04 5svd d4 1t* yxhd/bw ohbago8377tfr-p?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on toa ooc5py2,zg)q. e/dcvx g k86p of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to thax/.c yvepcqgg o k 82,)z5d6oe water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pit h8dpac6xrg r9 m-;xf53ql ((yzhgt 6pe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water 8ltpaxr9y5-d g;g6( h3qcz6 fxr tm(hgreater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipdo9+w x 2)wqooe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radiusxw)doq9 2+oow, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m -m7knycp4udpdu9kjkcl t ye 3): 9 7yo(5o*df/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radiu7lyp9otk od: kyuf cyc n)7ed* (d -3uk5jp94ms, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri t ngjj 45xe1c)*ghtn4nciple.

  Which one of the following is asshp6txlh,gwv)92qwi+ l h8f i5ociated with the law of conservation of energy l+i6pv8th l) hwf25q9x iw, ghin fluids?

  As the speed of a moving f sql d(bopew;ck 8 ,8/an5:zjqluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter 6dc r0edc ;j)pg4zi6rof the pipe at point B is larger than at po0 6rdc;zdgr6e)i 4cjpint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strt6i 1l w:voy:oip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal vm b v:5o1jeykys.*8v pelocity. The force of air resistance on bvyo: 1 .pvmjk8y5es *him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R anz5 rldh( nx5f1d 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. W5zl5xn (1rh fdhich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock o/+ ilm t-3peos+eh b 0k+yv6lkwkvb ,7f radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag forceo6y0lp be wvki+bv/+m kt,-eh +7 3ksl $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flzogm( oj (zhrdh:;ew) o)8t tj8/g 4vyuid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flo;whtz8/rvjohyze 4g(j 8(o t)m)dg :ow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, f z9(cnu v/dki7v)uf2 but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of7f9du kczni2uv(f v)/ the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pip u2 kgoj 1x+nd((:f.6yoqoonve A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what j ononuvf 6 ko(.+2 qy:dxog(1is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greas2 ;yf19)(ythpi , ispk g6aeghy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil sprea eiapyf p)2t69;1(kh,hgygis ding out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, tw*h f+ :9fda8f t6h5hn azwy.hhe water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how *zhaf. fdw9y wa6h h+n:fh85thigh would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwe b618 nei(jxlnight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimension8 l1 xb6in(ejns. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight tha f:zv5lm(a6 rst they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward f6zfm s5arlv:(orce on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a massooek 5if 1 py;c1gjvkt1).l0e of 30.0 g. What is its dens. l yve1opoc;tk)0 k5 ifej1g1ity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.z6 d g87fqghk rfxpt (8ew12k4357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is thevor+. u*5kyp li ,,shdm:sa; p maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal* :; s.pkimh,uysr p+a,dvol5 surface?

  A person weighing 900 Nn(qb xvh(cy 0 u79a0dw is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must abr5a k wie1 7wo*z+uk4 submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean41ow be7ik*wzu r+ak5?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can +w6v g:-h*pd3mjaxce withstand a maximum force jmda6 c:ghp3+e-x wv *of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 ;3iwm)t +:x5;po 4limuuaed+own je- kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea2an le8na p *.jy5cdx9? (The dc dnj2enx*98 . ayp5laensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at l2-eol( u4 oqea location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The delqo( - o2ulee4nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The , f.izjxas 1dz. qlt2nu;nn+)small piston has area xn.i;z)n1jl,usz2ad ft.+ qn $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radiuc k65wly459cqh5pkh fuvh) 4cs of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be appl k u4vlcph kyh fw549cq)ch655ied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lf6f m+4i*vdr q5a.yb -gsokw9ifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this? .+ rd*km4 6sfia-9 vygfoq5bw

  The small piston of 678 ug ykdrwsk6 qfq47a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The 6s68qk4d7yrkguwqf 7 lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoy7, h3krlams)(q hrc8l:u sfg1ant force8f3g:hr r k,u1)a qmsh7s(cll of the water?

  An object has a volu* zya0rnv:z4edhghkyvq) p(/l1(2 tsme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of saziu ,yp x7;y-gkq+ rg.ir dvwv1111dolid iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specifiv1w;d-+ qx a1grykvp.1d, 17 ziyuigrc gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is kt2(f2qp -- 8 ebzednt$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (de0lmezu)e y-*u*6 ulo cnsity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air anqbm y 1po:xvr*6t4yy,j4w mp-d 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is- *wyo4 j,mx1y4t:pm ybrpvq6 the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, andf clhi::b ;xve8;j3za the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the aej:bcf i;:zx vh83l;water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and den42/w;i -cnf,i ufm9vd 9pecwm sity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and w/0d uqu /l 8ty*8fxjjdiameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is itq //jydj8*ltx 80w ufus mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures tu(e/j om0 xj95.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box befor(e9jox0utm/j e it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The wecrzi4w)dex;/ pw8:j aight of the displaced water iejxd w/cz:;rw 4a)ip8 s 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water wiq7gzyb 2( +,2 eb7h7,hfm 6bunpziu kpth three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's deh g262khib n7mbf,zye+u,b7(z pp u 7qnsity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of ty65 tqe+p7/pylt(grl he water. What is th lqtltyp75/e r6 (pyg+e buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 10bm49ji y 5y8do k-qbu*0 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that-oy8 *k ym4d 5iubbqj9 will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a+zwc* (2rfsdx2hz0.h 3 i pchu pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe e3 qgqqyc,k/z2eae-s : o5 7trat 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is:yq5ags -ce zk q/732qe r,teo the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pixxchqkc 9m+e-n;+8kzto4 c: v pe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take fn z+2elm.:gbwey .b e/or a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the puygw2: + zbem/e.lbne. mp?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storag6nnmb5rx2 )v we tank that holds water at a depth of 12nbxn)rw5m6v 5 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of croy6 zb9u/7 bb urgrs,a1ss-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long wouna 0wzibu+j(0o 6-hx/s.+kp qdkmzt0ld it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck -a nzpx(dw0zo.u0mi q/b ++k0hjstk615 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decrease p3suz9s(lio,- s+h l n4,,y1ftgs ijnd the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be incre1jl 94,t-l nii n,,ss+fuys3sz( og hpased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A ha6xj7ium e:wv 8hc1ll;y1zn , 4o3tkb xs twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, j, w c7;evlyob z8h1k16tnx mlxu4:3ihow high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will watw9xvc (r/t: ..qrtpdher rise in a capillary tube of di c.tqv .9:w tprhd/r(xameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degrsjq-roq )/v b0ee Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wit/-obv)0 r qsqjh a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in ehax.bt1 q6hz*.u9 ytswo 1q8a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid isw1y. 9b1tq.uoa68h zt hxe* qs lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular flp,ow1pet* u/o6yy- h rame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy ww te*6uhy yl/, opp1o-ater is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is builm0c xi6 q,dq.khl68x li kev/6t in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is requi v/0 xe .dlql6x6qm,h6kii c8kred to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?