The three common phases of mat:zlz jb:xl.8 jf r,23x7vwnyiter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitbx,:)w;ntk g o0t 2n5wrn6d cty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is *djur;qq9 ;hyz/t;si not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glass2z/bew +;g pqfes. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at p gqz+;e bf/w2the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressureaw gy*jf1q4c4s inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absoy)yghh**jj 6 olute pressure at the bottom of a pg*j 6yh*yojh) ool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface o7hrzv xez: gaxv.)5f*f a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happeezar.7z*5: hxfvx) gvns to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principe- )o0e3pcdfl(r xm d/le.

State Archimedes' princmoq;,6g8g mdq iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper:;* wpd*j e/fvqe 0s/9:mw v xhyvnpt2 into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyanwh v vxvf;d qmp::w/*p9 /e0s2tnjye*t force on it?

  Salt water has greater density tfiyb)kvkx3/r-17my .rk, x 8(zsekx chan fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boxi sexr)vkkc3. /,zf xb-yk17(8ym krat?

  Salt water is more dense than vzaqwl6 (9n1wfresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume wv 1a(6nq wz9lof water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats1e30pv t-iz. 8bqkhxk in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the bal3biq0k h .kvtxz8ep1-l greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the l wve7ab(c*3a h/aqo 2puf5t8 bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. q3 h/vua a5b(lptoaw cf2 87*eWhich has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating i,6hy -skm5( g f5piwinw ry.3sn a bathtub. If the irows5p.5,3 shwinfk-y y( ir 6mgn is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A secon d z/c7pcn:4ond piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the/ c cd:o4pznn7 water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The di6p5+3fzkpgfp qq(:it 7j *yupameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water great7p+ jk :6pi(g*fpz3 qfpytuq 5er?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If th85x lx qtjt0l -mkwg21e pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the widerqt k01lg x2l-5xmt8jw section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizgl* iw d;2w4fcontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half i ;wdg*2w i4lfcts original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prinok87n ( 6k1vss/24h-qrr* kbuogh ibeciple.

  Which one of the following 3ji k *g4h+jj +gc1hufis associated with the law of conservation of energy jh+c+kj gg3h4u jf1*i in fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases,,)3br vyr(ouwegqysl),j dd1n a .p /9 the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at p 5fkrn/ 7vtwes5ui/ ;qoint B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greates5wu7rn;/ esvqit/5 kft?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper risel p(acx0w5c t(s. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force+ vhd hsj aan:8p37jdpj/n g/: of air resistance ad+::h pgjh3np ja87vj nds//on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously y60l5l.l9fdhvt9byc from a tall tower. Which willc y90tl.96lfb ldy hv5 reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radeyz *pchx yidd 7+3c5,i9n li4ius r falls through water, it experiences a drag f9i7p5y yelcd4,3* h+idxnc ziorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluru3y10 tx7i/ +qre7 ypmac 4jdid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in eacr3pj /y7q4xica1r+y 7ute 0dm h of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, fnuhe 7 zkk m3+id396rbut pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the length m93ikrze6 +u7 dhknf3s of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the samf +l/+s xxesx1- qfztt*sl;q2e diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pi+-s2ltf sxe/+stql z 1qf*xx ;pe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" ta/+dsd4lf jso+ste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in fsds/+odl 4j +terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed ik fn:0+ fu.y4r7cv azzvg2i(qn water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were +v:47zr2 u0qyff( gcvzai .nkhalf as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently light3mz+0zp hr.alf b9*y.kf :hvm weight that they can run on top of water without b lfv. y0.rfmazh3z9p:hmk+*breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwei3: *phdd h/q qykrxh6+ght that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bo 3p+6hh/:dqqhky r* dxttom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cmhudvw:c o-+m8y/ uv, nvb*,cd x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its u,n*yddv cc/:v-8 b ov+,w hmudensity?

  A liquid has a specifk1i* v y0q4.v-ngm id8 2clcnsic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x vq /55uu3gqfut+ , uov4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horitg+u 3u ,5u5/qfv vouqzontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area /l*pla)bi,q6vhi /72 68nj iulkbd zt$2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a 4gw5 *jw8z etwdepth of 120.0 m in the oceanw5 gzjt*e84ww ?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forcj+i(k8df kx *2-/uax wu elhv6 6ujtt,e eh kluudt -jf,/x6k2v +*u( taw8 j6xiof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the abso *8nmrb 4kxs.ylute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locak10ucoiyrq j6,qv . r5tion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The de ,6ryqk051 u.jrqovci nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute presm+6bw h va /ldeur1:7z vkc9dbljeycu81(x79sure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density bbdh(y1kueudxv 7:m6rj c9c /e1l l 9aw78vz+of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The smal hrl2l5v4,vw3bjd. mc l piston has ah j.brm5lw 4c,v3 dl2vrea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston haggb(p q 08g).fyf tyb1s a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. Wh1y btg) f8gq0fb.(pgyat force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pistwq70pw sz vr*0t/zp8gon. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diamet0/0s p7gp*z wz vq8rwter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its6i5*g mg:o 7lifsgxx , large piston has a diameter of 45g6is ol,f *xxgm7gi:0 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant fo rlrtf8zay sb(+ y,*5zrce8r*,sztbf+zl5(y ar y of the water?

  An object has a volume tc dkh )grm2r9my*/7mof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ir gq2o6nwf j89gls l wl*w:rk86on is supported by a string while submerged in water. W9 rgwlf2lwo l*6jk86n:8 ws gqhat is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold xbj ).eb 9rjnq3ct;r 4is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density = qih /a va,idq7ejb; 6e hz;0njs*7ru4 $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it v rt-- rgsa ix123i3cwis in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gra--2 xt3griaiw3r vsc1vity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scaly tiw/.(h4kla e reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into th/ wakyiht(l4. e water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg 8br/wgr;n6f vand density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 c+: jju grln-9g.nf2u rm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its m.j2g9luf jug n n-+r:rass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 6fw) ev-gg3l /)piqy r1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto pf-g )veryl6wi)g /3q the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The w6qov7jw+k6o w bp1; gweight of the displaced water is 2000 N. pqok1wwb;+66wg ovj 7 What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats inf3y0y jet 9z8o(i 9kfk water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. Whffi9t3kyz e0j 89yk(o at is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of u 4g+24i-ux/2 hyrb 2 (bawpnwn,odipits volume beneath the surface of the wanxd4ia4inpwg( o2/2 p wbu,ury bh-+2 ter. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What isi )k*1k+k9q( hielu zh the minimum area of the floe that will j*(uekqk19)i+ klihzhust support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Fi sj,*il(xo pp::lg x5ond the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pdmh s5yyjwh2 3v:s+s/ t.vnt -ipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restry2 hyt-s:5/wthjds3 vv .+mns iction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe wih 8 pqr;6uok-ith a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take fookl ugy p+kb//h3.6gar a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if .g/ u b 3gphk/6y+kalothe fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occuahqp 0)(rnmwll (9 *0eutg 7anrs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a d qg (npa*relw90l(0 mhnat7 )uepth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area k (9xbvwok8m2e,ecb 4$10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosishj0xt w7q0y h2(:ooity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil throu(00:yj xoh w72oh qstigh a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the watv 2f9b t9b36t( fro f0cvejjkq)51p all of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much wouev2kaj5b tq t9fbop0t6v rjf3(f9c )1ld the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has jgr c1d;:urf1 twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, h;ur:r jc1fdg 1ow high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water. 8sinxw7pt; 5a*mb ad rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 md;psa i n .t8b*7m5awxm?

  232

  To what height would zd oz)+7 )guvewater at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diz)egvuo + )7zdameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of wocnkcg69u.8+ydydk 5 c;toh 4ater, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of tky4o cch uc g.68d;5tk9ny+ odhe pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular fz6;* cu i/ /jzs7cqroy/ mw3dsrame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does o 7 ry*qm/wzcszi/ cu/3;jsd6the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, an8xze9kpf w1 c pi (6.5wtd;yyhd is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much worypd(h 6f;91.ye8 5ziwpckx wtk is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?