The three common phases of matter 05gic(jz y ): -fotdzbare

  Density is

  Substance A has a deimgkr1f8bm ;3nsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followiy xban ph kk7hw+vni . .591bo),gfv5dng is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses.+uc*q)n4dh- fwiws t mzpz-n1no/ +g8 All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top thf nmdpoiwq/z wz) 1c-48st nu*ng-++ han at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire cal*x jo0m 8p :i-xa;bke x(orp0nled?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the abso0o-h-q xtv4awe4bji32s2 3enyuh fy +lute pressure at the bottom of a 2bt+ns ou3a2 3yx04evwf4qhhjye- i -pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.ql:j 6sly g1-wey+d 2hv h1,vy0 m beneath thh6dsy h1l v2gw1yyj:- +qevl,e surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlez81cjyoib1 c: vo+y1k .

State Archimedes' princkxp ;958hvuty v 7acn4- bil5liple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densimh mxe*sv uw)/rz67 o qqs)a,7ty, what happens to the buoyant frsvw s7/zq,xqme *ah)6 om)7 uorce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh waterp76rr y+p: fub. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on t r+p7yfu :pb6rhe boat?

  Salt water is more deni) kjcs60w2+ dg uxvp;se than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displacew pkij;d6x svgc0)+u 2d in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mek( 6rd,( njkdercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball grrd6k,kne(d j (eater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg pig)pqs:: lkkn;ece of lead. Which has the grqg: ) nlskk;:peater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of woo/5yqln 5vg*bz joo +y0ij0 0sed floating in a bathtub. If the ir5 js gyov o0n lb*+zj0ieqy/50on is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floatincyj/fx8cadt.n27 f sg*u 5g z3g in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the firsg.usjx2 af8gd/yn*3c 5t z7 fct piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter w6qn ,a 0+tqqkgeyfp2m5 rs+1dh;v/vj a*zs / of the pipe at point B is larger than at qfpva1v d/5 t q0,6kamsrszeh+ ;2n*q+y/wjg point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twiyggkdf25y +pppu, o * sxcbxg-0n:m) ,ce its original radius,5 :smn*f +gu ,xgp)k0g,oybpp2cy dx- what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hor2vhbhemf vfmu*7;:s6izontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original ra:b f e2;*hvsh6m7vmufdius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pr -cu5h7ednk b*m2z-hpj9 u gvvre h606inciple.

  Which one of the following is associate)x7dnm3 rqm:e : va0sed with the law of conservation of energy in fluid ) m0 ::veeqsmnd7axr3s?

  As the speed of a moving fluid incy*hppto+/29ii oujg,)t 4w z breases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a piprf 6i1qo nq-k h/dko/f385rr9. gdoqee. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatr1h3qon9/fg dqd8 .6efik/k orr-oq5est?

  When you blow some air above a paper y7r7 p80z hrkwrxb)o2wq9mah5n,jo - strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The riu7z w38 on . 3gqns-:bt+q1rlh 4jgxq(7wmk force of air resistance on him is mk3nqh uoq3rtsjwl1b 4g7xq :in7(z8-gwr +.

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii ;ven3yv -q )-aj+wnfhR and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the gnehv)+w - ynvf-a3j;qround first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls t;)k gau5zux)ei l d22u 6hejt4+rhh7phrough water, it experiences a dr46h5;dia 2ut eh2ej) u)r x7+gphkluzag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest eh65af9ep/mvb pnk- 71c3c hhdffect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the qf hab 16 /7k p5e3cvm9ndchph-uantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twboy/9oi uf2g6 ice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. 62y bui/fg oo9If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the sa4c7m , vmoc5qmeo6b rho o965bme diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengthrh6q5,4b9mbcmc 6 mevoooo75 s of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, g 0uo z3m9t/kfit often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface k9o/tz 3mf0ugof the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed inousd-o; w.vk 5lse2 q/ water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter d.uo/2-e ss5lv qwk;owere half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such4.p kqcc7nk; ucii7pqg+1na 5e87vky as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Wateri7qe y pci cnk.4vcnkga871 uq5k+p;7 bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lign m ohd-61 q*3nngw3suhtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum-nq6u*go n nsh31m wd3 upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm xol5;xrvmd 6q *z kf6wf1lj u4) 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densi)zofkv6uqj fd* l54xlw 6; r1mty?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. Whatdm zotmfi x7c -)+:+h9z zzn+b is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the m2u)bgtu b4jk* aximum pressure it can exert on a horizon jb2uu )bk*4tgtal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on t1 s1o ( l-1txm7cfp yqztc9:osnowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 12p): cvs2s;*/ 5sw:yr vr 6us drvtetn00.0 m in thery v6):u;ssec5tdvn * prw2sv0s /:rt ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarinew8y(+rtbw / xo8)nar n can withstand a maximum force ont)8 8yaw / (nx+robwrf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressurecoy-djk fi2r9er c32ab x91n vp2kh5,a c):xp if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0i vqvg,f) hw). m below the surface of sea? (The density of sea,g)hfw.iv)q vwater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? zyb50zkf b581k knyo+ (The density of seawaterkk18nz5ybk5+ y 0f obz is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. /gp cu ;wi /v. rwyi6rb/c69epThe small piston has arp iwigreurvc;9b/ c/./wpy6 6ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the largp +b6:yix v3xpe piston has a radiuxbp3py+ :i xv6s of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston.l3z8j/ ner .vczc+b2m What forceblrej3/cvmzzn .8 +2c needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large :r:l, ruki0dh piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a loar u,lr: :i0dhkd of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30yiqxscth303xd/ go75 N in water. What is the buoyant force of thg0t3c sxq3ohyx5 d7i /e water?

  An object has a volume w fuiu hyy(ny4f6.h1o3+x w/7(qouf 8z-sy j lof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is suppoumc6o8rbf+a d2rg, 0nrted by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.ga+u28,0 cmnb od6rf r86.)

  If the density of gow r;smg:0 vy2dld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel suunp7/ms a3t* nbmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in wamnin42vfcb7z q:, xno hu7;e,d z7 4ljter.ole,h2u:4b v,jz d nn 47 ;qi7mcznx7f What is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scal;hu3ud-wa dfv n3os. 7e, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a t3nu d37ov ; a.-wufshdhread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg andgrta.vtjov :*3 :edbp 1/v (kf density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just ba. xns6 7cqi-tket8x5 ;w0sb zbrely float in water. What is its ma.kx s6xe7;b0t c8nqt s-zib5wss?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50: l+nwx8de+ q m):huyo m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sidh+ny: )mwx qoe l8:u+nks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surfah50 uia.qj3 y 1ixg/tc ll+wa:ce of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Wha /ii:a +xjlyc 5lq0at 3gw1uh.t is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with z, fr) wy(u9eithree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the obj,yr w (ef9uiz)ect's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fouiofay*, .pkr (rths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. oairf ,(y*.kp What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. oov+3: uyv:,ffbeg4yWhat is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity +yf3:bev:,ov4f ogu y1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diap0a0; 2sm vfkn+(dnsi meter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is : wfjla:lsi,i*vi +z,a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the ivl+z:lfs :*i,ai ,wjvelocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe wit6 -6( uvq w9msm silaem0.:i.n mbv3tth a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a dri )bj) rrt h:1kecfxg29cjp:bp4x,un 9nking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fouuej kbftg2) p:c 4c1jrx r):n9bp,xh9 ntain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds (7w8jnb1hi2ly xyp 3 kwater at a depth of 15 m. At what rate 8nkyw13 xhj b(2l7piy will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a u ylghs 6(;m6oy,a x5zhorizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosit9,4xlizvinn87e oiy0* p-mtb y of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to tt4*8 p9l mn ,nozy xbie0iv-7ihe upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on n8 ,jfpd+g ude8 gsk0u-ds2 3gk vmc/6the wall of an artery decreased the radiusg g 8-3sdg+ 2dp8kun/,mf6dejkvu 0cs by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter ofmtxp :i.blm )6 tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will ittxi.p: b)m6ml rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high wilh0 q+r( lg8 4qwbxus(rl water rise in a capillary tube of diameter qs ( ug0(r8hxrlbq4w+1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 dege 9gth-7z.oc zree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a dz7o-gtchze 9.iameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically ifjlfer, tl /ih,:9) saftr+u0n a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens t:i9tr fter)/ +s,f0 hu,ljlfa o the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap fil 4yup05wjy9o: ul3 xizw-u*kcvx9x *5y : qevkm formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0q:x9xv5- iy:*luo5 kw*0x4v yuc9u epwz y jk3.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and hl v,l)t9)z dw58br sqwidth 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained iq8s)t 9vzl l5, dbr)whn the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?