The three common phaenwhn2w .:i:fni2 4cic b 7)tases of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a den vk. kg,1s9x+/oqi dtvsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of prc nm.,u2z4lbl essure?

  Consider three drinki em 8ii* ,1phzha0wgm9ng glasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bot1aehip,h908 w *zmigmtom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside e/m7m ha6nk1t mce)*ka tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the abso*t:i 80b3h1v/ fl fc3xom zxnplute pressure at the bottom of a xh3 milxv fz3bn0 1/f:*8ctpopool?

  You are originally 1.0g0l)n(vzm d)ozs ux p/h+: wrn 0c)na3 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on yoczan(o)hzpmnu:n)l30 /dx+s gw0 v)r u?

State Pascal's principle.,t kphyxtti3rk.. m 8 n;wh prfr+1l43

State Archimedes' prinoivw9 paj,2k5f4ibx los6 -e.ciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water --zd2 yd(ra.tghb j(pof constant density, what happens to the buoypjg hb t2--d( z.(adryant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. Au05eo 9jmxcp b04rv4ako6bcmt m 7 j31 boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greatre 61x mtmo0o 43j749c bv50mckj upaber on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water .sl4d 6mtfwf. and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water4 tmf.f .ds6wl displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a 4v+e y1ethgb0pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on theetgvyh1b0+e4 ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a f*vof hng:/xe,(k0fv 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greaterfkfox0,/gv:f *ehv n( buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating ic :2 (ysnnjy*wn a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water n* yysj: 2n(cwlevel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second pjfebru37vx .q-hb2 2poi2rj: iece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch txvbj-frq.u2jo7b hp : 3e2i 2rhe water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter fc0rp,i 57esh of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed rih5p es 0f,7cof the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at hq(: fgvpe6pzmib,l -+ gw:/y12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed iw 6m(,g +h :eqfzipl b/gypv:-n the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. :lm9qo+9p h9e+5pb zqgh tj0dIf the pipe narrows to half its origina bphqoq0htje :d5 9+z99mg lp+l radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri+b7n 6(esmqah/ ps:, cpe-tgbnciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law oul0h:7 jrfbvq,r1t +qf conservation of energy in flu7vqhr, :uj r+t10bfql ids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, 3.nfk z0xl 9xythe pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diame )m3oby-b qjagg9,0qqter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water -oq m0y jgba9)q3g,qb pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becau:ryuw4( f;cnpse

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal v;o) z ,4u wjllxpoy17uelocity. The force of air resistance on hz 71)o4 uw xj;,opyullim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultan.h wz9clhm9o;eously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground fz;.w9ho9h mlcirst?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it expqu. h:x8 bqaw.cmv:t1eriences a drag 1q .hbat. vc:xw:uq 8mforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That*pvc3wl9 4 iac wcvl9* c3 ap4iis, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same lengthr7j 6e ygx)am0, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what) gearmxy76 j0 is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the sameydf e96tipi) kzf,:(x diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference acr d(x):,i9 ezpf fyt6ikoss the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greaibkos2illp i:8 3z)g-sy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globul3iz-p) b:okgslii 2 l8es. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. e liiunj 9+m1,gtx2 2f If th1+i2extg9iu,n l m2jf e diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that ihyuu ).cyig 64nj0+b/9mz a jthey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice a4m06.j ij9gyn ua+ chy/uzb)is big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficientl)6fhn(b c;b mey lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is po6 e;nhb(fmc)b ssible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dim0(f, g2drrpsxn py/0vensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What fndg sp 0p0,2vr/yx(ris its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity*cw5p1d wr+ zmbi -h2w ,c.beh of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 3b-, t py-gar hp3 0yrs6ibwl)3sr85e t0.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exe33 wyr ,bge iayrp)0shpsr8b5- -l tt6rt on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each :j, -fs)i (3 w,jae3vfqfsgtpsnowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine witn4oy 0 py3jx-tyw1-pdhstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the-w- y px40dt1oyynpj3 ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine cabj 4m g9;niry. i3k*qcn withstand a maximum force34c*by jqrki;.gi9 mn of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 1ma (c(s)j5n-zg fnsh300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of :loy.xn4a-8dmjd q *b2j *e7 h,qd ecpsea? (The density of seawat8 ecqq*o jd.hd*l,ned4mj2a-xbp:y 7er is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below t5.m j;1pzo zqre5 yaa7he surface of sea? (The density of seawater isaqy.az 1jo5 p57;mze r $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pistmb)7o .zkr- onon of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has 7.-kzb o )onrmarea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radiuseej6 4/ wl)qq3/isqr i of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piss/4 q)36 q/eeji wilqrton in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm deps3t 9wo. xe+-o hfd*u;bd.g iameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish th9 otd.u h+psbg*x -3eefd.wo;is?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diaitl5c+5-vvogq u3rl3(;i yja* :uxbjmeter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of jyjit5* rgc 3:ox5uiavlq( +vb-ul ;340 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in wd *, fpus7*ciw 0yhrqmu7-5 fqater. What is the buoyant force of the watu7 0h*-p57srqw* m yidff ,cuqer?

  An object has a volume of x-a 4,dial n1hjl29 tr$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string llc6m3/o moq-2n6 y pdwhile submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (T6 yl2 d -pol6/mn3qmoche specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold iezmncoafg17fw;sy)3 97yd t mk 8a)u( s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density9ipb1 gl o*wu, = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in watah1cwn b4:3xipm5 29az cgyg:0j fs0m er. What is the specific grg0p 2c fxb :w4agm01n cj3may:ihs z95avity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale readsg:*kg8jizigrn er-+3dm 3*bj 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspend:j- gbnkr+d* 3r3iijeg*gm z8 ed from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a ma8d3h j8/fzn jyss of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter p du( - n,4iboqcb/h 05r;p jxx:kr8q- l+eurl2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its mass?rpuq -lod5 bp- n,j;e8u(:lbi +q/c0hxr4r k x

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m loni4pr /ofy+l5 ag, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of5+4/plioy a rf mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats withwhh8y8m oftzv9+ec5;e w t4h/ half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Whay8 th 89v m5we+h;othf/eczw4t is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats i9eh boey qa4pfvw -4*6n water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What ip*b-944e yv6qwe foa hs the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-foxqi9jui(s ft ecy85; t1eq8 5purths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. Whete jti(x ; 5 fpcs9qu58q18yiat is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. Whats*p6z9hu 4p 2-jysqtgs2o h k- is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in ss4g6hs9po tqp*2ku jzy-2 -s haltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cml9 4dx;psjddr5m0uz , at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm d bjc yp.aw11kunw0 */h;v rc0biameter 0j rnyc* bb wuwca;1k./ph0v1restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizon9wou2m*m/ 4koz +.:j x0e bscoze5pmf tal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fou lk3)z jlg5(d su, ;vmcv:-ea;( zrlkxntain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pumk llvmgzuxvc-;,3s :;)(k e5d(alrj zp?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of afj8aw re2 j:gm,,6s.b /j xkaz water storage tank that holds water at a depth mj: jbkr8. xaj,6 wa /,sgef2zof 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipqqg5 peu/: u ;aorsw1;e of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. Hvh7h cjbht4:.p,7pr pow long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effep vp jhp.7,tcb hr4h:7cts due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-uegk6+m/0 pgan7 l9r oap of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure p6 aoln+97egpm r/gka0rovided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a ahns) v3n-e7r pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of rnn ve3a-s)7 htube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.0nu6x9s)f91nd vi8 ysh73 N/m. How high will water rise in a capilli6s)fyhnd 9xnv1s 89u ary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius r597/ f7seozd4 dbxn;2 qzd+r be xiy2lise in a glass capillary tube with a dro7/lb9 ne; d24q2zi+e5xf7bz xsd dyiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and b(ll 7r-kngjiu t/ta0fcvr w,8t *+8ethe water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid /bi, v+frkl8nt 8(*wl gre7jc 0-ttauis lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m andptsfc.e /ws9g91 6 jk5d)a opd width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does thedkep. 9s5afocj wg9 pt6d/)s1 soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 vo8t 76cmqs rex6);3 y3eqns ycm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the lo3y ex6ey)qc68mst s 7rvoq3;nnger sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?