The three common phases of matterti c;+am7( t2p3fxl xs are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofgmhpk q)(x,n:t l 3wl edl53a1 $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followiv 3 1rqq,e 0 (aimd3v-z fivzt71 fsxn0sfb-t7ng is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area basx)p xeni298pv e7 7+vmqhbl1he, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylie+plxviv82q9 )1 7e7xb phmnhndrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tirn uj t.f9gu )9*t1 lri1ntx,ame called?

  When atmospheric pres4lb(.oo2 19mxvp ubt lsure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the b9 vo(2txlbpmblo4 .u1 ottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. Ifkq 2o . ;s5i19p2zygr 4seizirui+h7q you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the ab95r7;ghoz4i+2r i1i2s qiyk es.up qzsolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle9 s*vgxcpqq0 0.

State Archimedes' prin. 5ar/3t0i(sul zxiq.ix q)cqciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper in w) -0v8ymfqonto water of constant density, what happens to )q m0vwn8of-y the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greatx84vaxw 7hf ds- l9wj k*ez58jer density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt w7 jed9z8fkxsx58hjv w4a-*l water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than frxop xo4r2rh )k p/m*4sesh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, 4k4xo p)hrp/*rom 2sxthe volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool ziq7r6nc/zv9 of mercury. Where is the buoyant for9zqv /ni76 zcrce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lakok4k -wp 4fzy/ku0zz :e, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant forcz yoz-:w44kz fpk u0k/e on it?

  A piece of iron rests on0b)9dgk8-7 kb3hiv4i 3u+ sw+mvyskstx2qex top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is s2 kvde8i9ystmx b- 3h+k 03i+g)qvk s7bxw u4removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piec*jjme(u b, ya+e of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what hapua+*j ym,jbe (pens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thq lvoj y+d5 )jily+)u/ n*.oqlan at point A. Where is the sp5*q)qv+u+o nidj yl/yj l).oleed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. I +sw+lkmxuwdd3/ pf.-f the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the widem +xuws pdk3l. +f-w/dr section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pip 0j7p-vnsx /pr*q p+cpe narrows to half its o cj/ srn-+xp7pqv0*ppriginal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princ -e-g5uuu:f; pk;ibleiple.

  Which one of the following isya 9*o cy6,b8w m,lvuj associated with the law of conservation of energy in fl* vmyw6jc yl,,a8b u9ouids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increas(i m7ds xp:-3 cohyne3es, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of b 61ha)jcdnn((enj c0 the pipe at point B is larger than a)b(djccn6nhn1 e j(a0 t point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper ap )h ;l(fjs1frises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminalp -y+* ipb:mn(,5z4rcydxni6 xwu.w y velocity. The force of air resista,in*yuy +.wip:-(xpm4n 5cx yb 6zrdw nce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneouslyu;8;bst1gzih(rw (dl from a tall tower. Whi 1gu(hsld;w 8bzt(ir;ch will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls thr77t7k( r q-x,suxis * ohdy9ieough water, it experiences a drag fo rhxediy9, *s7qs-7k i(oux7t rce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flb a (-di*fkv0dow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities v0aik-* dd(bfbelow, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diametetamoaaub u14i1o yz1xoj-7 .) r of piu j1 uyi o17m1.ax-to4)aabo zpe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the sam ktc,xvc- v/m+e diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water uc vt,kxcv/m+ -ndergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasym5 ke6y+3qaa3o q3i :pz1kjb v" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over tb mkk+o :5aqz333iej pvyaq1 6he surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, thwu*sy;bgqc n5 + c1kxa3 j/uw6e water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the *+cnx uwy w/ksb;qgu1 3j 5ac6water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wa;jwtc*xuzsci y(7 - g4prl ; t.,k.muater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as lg m( *7lpc.z4,ky;uwttuxijc;r a -.song, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug,kq, db*d08 wjq are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum posd0dq,b*k8qj wsible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a masskz y.x;mk3e7 n of 30.0 g. What is its den 7eyxk.m3 n;kzsity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. lq 4rpg 8 dla+p/q8y3f What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. s.f v/* fen2g+oxvf;k What is the maxfg *xsfe+v;/k.fnov 2 imum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N iscsr): 23ndc* xhn fh,xq:u9b xl*apa3 standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 12vibw ju9 ;(n/d0.0 m in bj wn(/9ud;iv the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum ; x xhna8pcw-(; ynso8force ofn8xshw- ;c on8ax(yp ; $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 ka 4tb+qt4tri(og ksg-,max m+ab*ilxq2g,9+Pa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the ;j* -ezhgebr(tq+t) j surface of sea? (The densit*eb jqr -ztt+;(g)ehj y of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below tyh bh,ht:w0)p t;l5xrhe surface of sea? (The density of shx,hht t:5lbw); p0yr eawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pi xlwl );pu2t8oston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston hol l 8t)p2;uwxas area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a rad ss4j2ikp,3doius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small pist4, sjoi3dks2 pon in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be l.;o hkeg trr+eg*l65 nifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pil*.ho+ret5 e6kg rn; gston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 c0r(p(x-,b 4yyfn cz6 v3qq ff2v2ufgkm, and its large piston has a diameter of nb3zc2,fyx gvk2-pqrufy(vq4(ff 6040 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N -0v/xvt(iun q, g;lejin water. What is the buoyant force of the-qvi(nl / vx0;u,t egj water?

  An object has a volume tuck)olh (. kstld(*iyl: )0 rof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerge73.b svmxt3qux5k.rsok *ol+ d in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7xb +3 tou*vqxkl5so3ksmr ..7.86.)

  If the density of gol5blb fu(5tmzdmfv sr+yv+nkun3 *68 3 d is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density jh+4l ;yp7xp4ja8gwe = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is inf9a.n+vilsx 7/ ;gtaa1ih:u t air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the objflhux 1+anaig/i:7 v9 .t;tsa ect?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads iby;ryaw.9 - ( v dhv+wmw,+vcga8g,i120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specificvwr8-ahg wbv.mi,,9d ( ayicy+ ;+gvw gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kge5.9 prey /r 6vq;cqzn and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely fj v y(,cli88esloat in water. Wy, vclsi j8e(8hat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, a up f+guf2h-4ind 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box befor2ufif +hug- 4pe it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with har:0x (aibevr*6on pu9lf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight ofr ex 9o:vbr(*p6anu0i the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of iqn8g.7ji;/( c(iozx wk f g3zsts volume beneath the surface. What is the gw fxqi(;z(7ko.zi/gs8 n3cj object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-foi+fjrx8qvvt,yyh oy48m(znz9h : ,r 1urths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the ob m8 hxzv4vf,,9 (1onrzyyrt8h:iyq+ jject?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is tn:qk+ sri i6fy-ost. p2w,ah (lm5of 9he minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of t i(6,soa9r.pil- ywq s2h : okf5m+nfspecific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow ra;5y*n q,x 2an 0cfdlypte.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. (2t aunnv 0 /bs kr.mc+s(e5reThere is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this5knensm vsa0ceu(2rt( . r+b/ restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a hjbnl .qy.l:d2 uvjb .0orizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take f ;a8vl/xsplieq-xw aaw;eak61w ;1g.or a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 qa;1vae-w a/; s xak.w68pexg ;lwl 1im above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in thkxb zm0m8j7q1r 0o 1see bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at az7j0qers kbo1 mm810 x depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross9z 0bnz k qaw ;3rfiu:xor,5m/-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take t+o4kgdab+dc rc/x(5 qg/ w8pso pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and dw8x++/ cdakosp(/4g 5gqbr cneglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on th.+c-:k ftj 9r/ 4wh1h raubrixe wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. Byr4f+chk r9u 1wbxr:a/-t hi. j how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. k: +ia-her89s y2yjjsTube A has twice the diameter of tube B. 9ji- 2+harskj: 8se yyIf water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension o -3guyxd *lq,(vsed*mf water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.yul*vdqed gs, m3-x(*2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a g g:uaema4yg 2 n)tkq10lass capillary tube with : enag12yugka)q 0t4 ma diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, a)t6a lrfc5 :hand the water rises in theal6h: r)c 5taf tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m wito): 2i1duhbk e6r)xde h a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy waterd brd)ek6e i2o:h1 xu) is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and w oq4(ii ;onpad;c8k4didth 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Sdioo;iqp(4 nc4k8 a; doapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?