The three common phas+qh xf 5g2ca.des of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofx72cjvqv7:o o964p xw g7lxmu $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following isg-n4pi*nr4 s l not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, h:gfalnd6yg 6 g2:ca5 and all three are filled to the same depth with water.df6laa256:hng g: gy c Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside andk0 9cf6 uzghy d.7h5ik, rqlk5 outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure change38. w6ffkqskhrvwq3 e,vi.j; s, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bwwqk .e vfr.6sh 3k8i;3j,fqvottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. nfo l-4+dl-a oIf you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to naf -o+l lod4-the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princip7b8lhf mgq; *,eyds 9j- nw5pyle.

State Archimedes' princ+h* x fs;2gnbuw.s x+jiple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of consgtf6:xbae7q: oim 0 c9tant density, what happens to the bu:q0cm tae 7i:6 fg9obxoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats inxv)htnjue, .9 both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force grejtexuv 9,) hn.ater on the boat?

  Salt water is more den b60lt.l jd7v*k*mf.l0paifau8z9jm se than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh abvm*7 zal0d jfmi*.0tkl 6j ul.p98fwater, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but flolnjm3 fc k7h5q,9vl o,ats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the bal lncqko9mv ,73h 5lj,fl greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottok hiukkpabr2/8 m1g.: m of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piegi 8:/kb.mkh2u r p1akce of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood float8jb t/ i:y0 bkb* oi6qwfqh.q6ing in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what ht*. 0 bj6y:qhkqi oi /bbwqf86appens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sitipx utya:u 7;4s on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens ap xi yt4;u:7uto the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is lar)lqn; ;yfe 2t+ leo1.as-ice d76klmb9np6fsger than at point A. do6s6leneq ffl ke.9ln )s;-by1;ampit+7c2 Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice;y1vk-v ru8wqla10 bnnq 9uy7 its original radius, what vvql18710 a-y9nbn ky quwru;is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If t8ikn.b. b2w5l/kpx zysun+2v5qez; p he pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is 5zp5 n.q iz kbvx8+en b/u. ls2y2;pwkthe flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi75*qqujl j1eg .bwwgo1 33 j6kqt 7nchple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energy g7 (vvcyhe.3nl7j.q lin fluid(g7.l l h3ej7 cv.vnqys?

  As the speed of a moving fluid incw.zl i ./6u:3uanikbok2ok: jreases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of tep:,ug5v a:ux he pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatesv: uepug5a: x,t?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thisz+9j 0 rfqa); o iy;d(n 7fxg2vtzy+ap is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The9s 4 2w3o u pbsycu8jus7)6xya force of air resistance on sau4 3s9o p2x8s)cy76 ujwuyb him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, )qjy ta :(p5i)hjf;llof radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reac(5qjtaflyphjl) :i); h the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through xb)e:f 9c)t-by.ev br a*0feh water, it experiences a drag fey9e) v crxa-)hf.e:0fbbbt*orce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluidb 4n q5 j3jvnuy; 2omqt2,/rgb through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, y jv5njor,/qgn qb u3 b42t;2mwhich would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diam skmu3wlq* g-4eter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe4mqkl3 ws *-gu B?

  Two horizontal pipes 0- gd/j y4.plss tcn4dhave the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. l4cdd j /n.ys-tp4s0 gWater undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thirzj,(p5 ap v*p 8miblxsx)* -, *oftzls "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. spvi o( rz,l8xl j*bm-tafp)zp5x*, * To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d isg.s tc6im5 nye.iyyq- +ln*t / placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If l.ys gt. n5e-*6qi+/it ymnycthe diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently li5et2)0grk 0h8 sitn(si fscs* ghtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the wh0 c0tss8)t 5e si(2fkrs*nigeight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that trpo/+q+iu 1j dhey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug Aj/d1p+ +rouqi is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cmde ,u,x2qc e+o x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its eoq+,2due cx,density?

  A liquid has a specific gravith/hjo0e.- ia et j0go(y of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What9n/,sivht x8 +hu for5 is the maximum pressure it can exert oi8txho9v +ns/5 h,rufn a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each 70i-q(mw db omsnowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolhswl )2 c9))vt-oi qavu/l:co ute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oc v:lh9o s)u)-wva2/)tqiclo cean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum, r311*7kh) df-dendzshvsgs force ovh r*1d7 1g3sz,-dnsfk)e dhsf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the abai b9/igz.+5 eyie k7ysolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface ofomvz;. dz-x, t sea? (The densio.t x;m -d,vzzty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locationx.jelz,c97 ys ts 27p8cjjs jpo)x 7w3 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of ocs.737j27 jt esj,z jc98 lwxs )yppxseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the smallg+h ln 5an,bor*xs6h/ piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has areg6h/ln*5n bos,xhr+aa $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift,ivzto6ag8f3)lv fn9 wce(w,dz 9df*8 the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cf(lcwf9 n)o 8t ewf8 63divavg* 9z,zdm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraul1 t:ta/fn7;pa9 chl itic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish t9f/ atihl1:a7 pn;ct this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large p3fm o/t)+5ul zp fvx)giston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift po/)gvz5tx+fmf u)l3 raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in ait, tr *i;ewwlkeg z7mx.4z8h0r and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the watr *0z8leezt47 w;xmkg .h,w tier?

  An object has a volueq6g+ .08 y- 9l owttu*l9bde rr5xtsmme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while sus0 ye f5kycp+9bmerged in water. What is the tension in the string? k+cps5ey 9y 0f (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is 3zjt7//xzepsn qn+. gci:j u776oq jx $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densi exb+j 5dvd48bm2mxp9(p3kw nty = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is i+9iz si1lj,;3l oovasmmersed in water. What is the specific gravili9zjvo1+o ssa3 i l,;ty of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale r. *uu7vbguawr y/4 w2seads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touchingu rwubw uy2.4*va7sg /
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densitv. ;oemd 6h.zhy of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of levn5 tpp/a jd)yco9 ,6wngth 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its mass ,96toyv )pj5dwcnp a/?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m lo .b-j/c6q.uhwim wt g:ng, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks icww:j/h6g -biq.m. utn a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume gw8a:1x3qm+uhwr f6e beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is6wr1u:38m hxfqegwa + 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourthwx 3*hg+,z8s +okgjo*j7bkx y s of its volume beneath the surface. What is the obje +o3s hj,xg** kwz ko+by7xjg8ct's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three- *q9(5i fn83oy l.vwtzm kxdy)fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is thn w5t9y l dz8ifmoxyq()k*v.3e buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stnz z sofwg/1hi8s(b60ands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98/1hs(zwiboz 6 gfs n80.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0uatm7qcrq9) s( m+ztk/r+w8m m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a agv5s ip/eir7+f x8vftgp 00)2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this rxfv8e+ti0pas7 )gg5 p0r fv/iestriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a 3,uyqu0tlpbhw:: v. ppressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a uy7adp(j-djve,c+mab /;0m4sl ugf /ka8 qi *pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 3/8 *kacby/0q+ lius(um4 jmd7v-,afap;je gd0.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm ocqv, y qnpck9+9yp/n *tcurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. qyqntn 9, yk/9p*+ pvc At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sm1arh ng*3dm99 ep9 hjectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa- 0 yghasi1p0 l3c6iyu*s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and negl ciiy a u*3l1600gyhpsect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an arq3 2kds xkx4m/ h9al:xtery decreased the radius by 10%.9xq/s2xk klx3ha 4:dm By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a r qocxm:s; (7ph(xo cut wkv28 /9-fatpan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tupvc atx(:cqf /;(w2k8t7xoo 9ru-hsmbe B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wateecn ley77fo;g9ii- + hr is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary l7ng +eih-eio; 7y9cf tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glasskyas y+-ce-x 8 zl(x(q(b npf2 capillary tube wit lsbcyap 2e+yn (x-( (fxz-8qkh a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically xaip8z49 w3q5ln7j ehin a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cmi8q j zw7en534hla9 px above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.h9b op1lw/wg am53ww*600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does t mwo3ab9hlw1gw/p5w * he soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm 1 yk(vb-2vvay iyk ;r(and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm kv2kyvv1i a(ry b-(y; square?