The three common phases 6eusr ,d3ga5bof matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densit,fvqkv hs.2e4z:4n,kmtliua(u w6 (jy of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following imi6q3v0yasxx 6z5 fnrk g3doz5y5;9 e s not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. Ar.wwqa49z qtplboc96oh,//efw m b(. ll three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water.qb4(w 6.t.9qmc wa9fple/b, ohrzwo / Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressure 442aaiof gsls.rnd0g)f u xvu/14ahhf fw9+ 3s inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what hav;u .dpabuw- :ev+ewt9c1 ezfbo 0mqew5 4(4appens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?: 5p .4(m tc1ev4 d-ueu;bvqeoa+ezw b90aw fw

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive 6 j3otezr7wo 9:s m56mxzol7f to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressur5tl:eom ow36z 7jx fm9ozrs67e on you?

State Pascal's princi;repfro/ p47sple.

State Archimedes' pr cad8/a7wji+b zt3cn 3v*8nikinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and de ok9pcg;/j s6pt *ttl1ka7mi.eper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on gtplaj tt9 k6.op*c ;7i1 mks/it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh nckq1 ;3wwssv8b a g72water. A boat floats in both fresh water andw37 a g;1snck82 bvswq in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A s:pjhdosi:a3u o (r+b(hip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared(:i au3hrjdb:o(os + p to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. wui),a +ef-lche b1ext( s4/z 49cv mrWhere is the buoyant force on the ball grea+z(rhe4eits9f41 )cewvb am /l xcu-,ter?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the -8hwq w; jlt52/vnndi bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which hasnh2l;dv /w8ti 5jnq w- the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on:7i 1-ybhxc6i;nsa4qgt i b(7ithja : top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in iitg7ab6cx (bh sii-:t:y1;7 q4najh the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A secogly7ey(i b s+(y6 t,zend piece of wood sits on top of the first piece,+ybe lz(eg 7(6 ts,yiy and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is lar5wkq7l e()zi:v9jdu oger than at point A.o elzdjv:7 q) ki59(wu Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pjpni0w*gi1 jy:f abk- ; n:83q( dbty1d h(wkmipe widens to twice its original radius, wh 1ywb3nigb(: 8dk *;(jf0tkpq-hywid j: a 1nmat is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pi(ste l0u/ w5xupe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow we5uxsu(t/ l0 speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle+7/5h)i y,fg zlhjdfrdpi3y j4z ;-hf.

  Which one of the followinaf:p05rzu46ui-syf;s ulwa 1rw* ci2 g is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluidif-rsw*zuw51;ial f y2:u4sa6cu 0rps?

  As the speed of a moving fluid a26o4 3m5krxvi*bls0wk + ptx increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at po kuafr.l11 hs-int B is larger than at point A. Where f1 .ura hs-1lkis the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air abov9or nv7md9p. 5eh dio5e a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocityb .qb i:(dbp4w )3m.dwwq nlc,. The force of air resistance on p.) dw4b.,iqb:3wbq(nc m wldhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneou2+rx3a)q 8.wbtb9mvnvi u- tq sly from a tall towb3 xv)tr.vi 9ma 2wqbqt +-8nuer. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through watjrv w )q)espc97o)3hj w,b /lzer, it experiences a drag fopz9 h/j)rq, oc7bw3l)j wse )vrce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effectd wbt6 9evgm-u:l ;kr- on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which wouldb6m: wr;- lvt- geu9dk cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has o7* a.ht 3aka:ocy8fq8 o9lhw twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the s*8: c7 f9qohh8ylaata koo3.wame pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipa d ug(1c7ai;7b x8isge B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes i77d 8;1bsuagagxc (i viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems tol,ar lbd-+c(w7in11b zb mm.azj4 1av be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "dzlanbbam +-11z4 7 ir c1lja.(bvwm,physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises t-hy4*x bhp.x2ib .d +xdl4qoko a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the wak.+42hydxo qib- *hbdxp4. lx ter rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that theyf5j/xwr +chx: can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weig5+xw/xrhf:j cht W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffic n(y-g / 0tkgi9mf2yrdiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum - m0ny9tyfd 2ki r/(ggupward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimrky2rf.e a n-+ensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densit.- er2kfrn+ yay?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is itso p *4zx)a-uje density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0htplx 7qgras;t5ae: qvv(sng2t5o 1 88*k-zy cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfackayv5ztq g-s :;p hs(g2 a85t8xv7 1n*qlreto e?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has*v3pmmx d.ki3nn*7/qzq 63t9wh if a d area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarinem ++8 /htp8qhrqtyb2 s withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in tr+q +y8p/8hshqt bt 2mhe ocean?

  A circular window of 3ip9nscyx7 41 d0 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force odsinc x941 7ypf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure pr3)-+)dw xuwfo 0e koif the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of7 6e mcuv3.s7w;vcdn i sea? (The nus7c 36dm. cevwi;7v density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolutekuuf/regpwc o/04ydks /k.l,1i v ;*j pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The do.r ,s/ivk4wk/du; gk* lyu/f ecj 1p0ensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the smalue -o rqsxbhx32+( y+ll piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arex(lh+s e3oyxq+b2-r u a $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small pisto( vux4gi r:i;opz7-w hn has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has ar xo4 (vh:i gwzi-p;7u radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whatkr i*v gs hh1e,,8f/9 05pnm*ypl8gfk-icvek force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm irf9- h8n ,k0c8p/k*gmy g* 5vl,pf 1h seivekdiameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hy1w5/ek ;;tyom x ur6n s00wessdraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston6uw0 1y; noswr5mte ksx;0/ es has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in cxt.bnkc903 kyj(a3 x air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wate.yak9c(jctb 3kxn3x0 r?

  An object has a volume amd6gfsb0gy 5wl z145j:cm) vof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a strinv*ej d2rlrb*3ras gb5 l(d* k7g while submerged in water. What is the tension in the grvk 57s (*dr 3l*ajbd*2rlbestring? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of go,.5 cygjn 4ob0mpknq:ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steelc7m; rl mewbenb:lc c+0,5i8 .xydd 2v submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.8qj 2kp toqkg0-5u/ x-l6 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of j5uqkq oxg k- l-0tp/2the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale dxxocgp 16p1x z,*6eq)z 4skzreads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowerc oxz*64 z11xzep ),sqgxkd p6ed into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a massnp)z ht9r61+czun .36xr 3gn c ara2en of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 c1v1 yi: 4yaylkm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is it iavy4l1yy:1 ks mass?

  A rectangular box of negligi4vrws4gg .xo .ble mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can4s.g vgr4wxo. be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weib +e s msr-uzr-qsy1:l a.zg;0ght of the displaced water is 2000 N. s um1s0a-; z qr:s-g.byer+lz What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in w.wkb(yi9h ,9z.o akz;txzggo0 )7owjdrh4s+ ater with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's,o j(sza 4gwkth. 97+; yhd)o0gkrb.o zzi9xw density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths oft. 74qt7 ;b9w eedysja its volume beneath the surface of the water. What j. 4dwtseaq7; 9y etb7is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is tr yplqgfh( b4+ b6:)6jx fs:q dxdh(6qhe minimum area of the floe that will just suppgxrl(xf s6yq(f:6 pj+ dhq)bqbhd:6 4ort the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of :f zxe8p2 4c:foh *aik0 a*u-ishm/r ldiameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Therelzts40.8yufedklp6j kl g)73 er,-zz is a 2.0 cm diameter re3 lz0lzrd.-zp yt)8sklju7gke 4e f6,striction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizoni5z0vm+itca16: t o/f z j siv/44larttal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take ;45p 4s rf7gn :wccxiifor a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pumriif4c ;x5wc4:s ngp7p?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom o-jib(4zmr.0 rcfoex ;n9ma ;hf a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow(for. 4cixmb0;hn -9zmr j;e a out of the hole?

  Water flows through g;l hy8 wx qy/tsfr 3jb2x3t22a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it tddxx )q1ce 3l5ake to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect5ed13 lqx c)xd any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decren w5pixwjkxercg299 3,j5)qz db+ea 0g- ,hlj ased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure providcewd2krj ,ljpe +gq 5 gz0a b,9)-xn h5xij93wed by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed ipom3(ne i3- (bwq: rli0dz 7sin a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wil3io- z7qwipsrl(3mn :0(eibd l it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. Ho5(mp iuyj4 zw2ax/ (alw high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter ( 52zlpm/ux(i ya4aw j1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wilx+6egrml m28a- azd (th a diae8rxg d2zam ll6-m(+a meter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of waqi9e)v4*u m ztter, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens toqmu t4*)ezv i9 the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of u22.w*cu qvfqbjba/.hb q6g 5length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formbj* g/hbvu 62u.faqwc b.q 5q2ed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame hj)+od6xmi1)u- psznbs;y 50cw (t m tkas length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water h bst y uw+6mp j)m)zc05o(x1ns-idt ;kas surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?