The three common phasj) l:x rfnv-y 4*gixu6es of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a den2tog*v6y;9ro xz h8pusity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit fqj0*/lek: ap of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have ti nxw46r1nax i+l2y(w m3jq,ix c2x)she same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass6(2 )rjqwxxs2wnim+,y inxx4c 31ia l A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire callqvf4/fixrc(do7d 2 o*ed?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens kc5b h ;zhzt8,+f(o0r qdq(sgto the absolute pressure at the bothkfd bgc rzqz+ts8,qh( 0 o;5(tom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath i.xutz) d:8t nthe surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute 8ux.zi :tt )ndpressure on you?

State Pascal's principle lns-fg2,qb7 u.

State Archimedes' princi,9gxi-6ypbb qple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper in4j 8 7rm ett7cbajdvg)b* .jr*to water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force t*)rv jb cdrm4.7gt* j7beaj8on it?

  Salt water has greater density ti ::qn-5d xeclhan fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boacqix5-:e :nldt?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water.mjh3xuc, q4*m l .r6bl A ship floats in both fresh water and sarmlmqh l xc6,*4ubj3.lt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. kqjmj 1v23b,o Where is the buoyant force on the o1jqj,mbk v 23ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, rightpntlp6cy-0k(. up(qo next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyaoy6q.0n lp(cpk( up -tnt force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating i*ypdcy+62 mhc ;ag6 pbn a bathtub. If the iron is removed from thea2 hcm6cp+y pyd;6gb* wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in p35m j:hscx3 qa bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of 35 psxm qjch3:the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B i/zavy*gyt8 g :m sq:t-s larger than atzsq:-vgy:am* yt /g8t point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows atxr*2+w0lx 3qmv;5ezoeuc jn 6 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius*ro2j6; zvx+ cqwxe u3e0ln5m , what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hor5btt 2t9n+of(k1iywiizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is t1fi2t+kt n5( byot iw9he flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle.eztm,pbw5 g-ro h1:i-v4o3un u7q*fc

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of co-9wzc+ w4g clonf5m6q nservation of energy in fl+ 5n-6go mcqclwwf4z 9uids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases,md3f:i fc3k z. the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at marf0n.auwpxv79 8diwm g*ms.6s8+ q o+ nb5mpoint B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greaxm 5ps u w7i8+ bos.m.9w6a rdammq8f*gn+v 0ntest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becau76)*loiop g 35t4jorxe;i3ndp qf7 rr se

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistjau4sks8/5p db a9sx 3ance on a38 sdb4p s/5sak9jux him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 27t: lrx(0qcc qR, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Whichc0r c :(lqqx7t will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r alb y 6*(5hdvg+jnni 1falls through water, it experiences a drag for i 5 +n1*hygb(jd6avnlce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluitb2 ,tt 9 wsj/lybzd9-d through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in ,dt/29wbzs9 -blj tyteach of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter o5wuv3x6s2xt7d s y*yaf pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the 37yu wx*56dyas tsvx2flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the samemq3.;q.s0 s epyv0gd b:y+ me/p2t dra diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in bdy ;bdq+p:t ave.m3ygem. spq s20/r0oth pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasyvjqjz r0r,lvd d0;wi /2wjg4*. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the ; l, 4d/jv0ijqjgz2rd0w wv*r soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a heighuk3k zj072sdv7 j (qmgt h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the kvd(g jsz0k3 7qm2j7u water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighty f+nh6k m790,ins +dai* xozo that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twicnk9 am60*7s+hfi ,z+in o doxye as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such ase j/p)vqp .;ghj /ayq8 the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F.j 8 ;y.hpaqqv/j/ ep)g Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has ac 9qggi :n*r0x mass of 30.0 g. What is its densiq: 0i n*gcx9rgty?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densiqc(t1j im4 ao8ty?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures aj- (oc :vjk3k30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum prkjao3 jck-v:( essure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshaic;s+i/3 t2d z ,m npa:kby(uoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absn otlok1 ez):.x(;bvuolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m intoe:);nl 1 zbvx(.kuo the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter *okd,u* 4rk rwin a submarine can withstand a maximum force ok 4,wur**rdk of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure iy (n;3 +wwaw pvwa/i45pm9mims 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below l*.lyqueu: (yxajzu1 jol2hs+ po8):the surface of sea? (The density of seawa2y:ujuez +j ll*qa8.pu x:yo lo)(h1ster is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfacekfl)dm9l b vzo8-s*j d7 s8t6l of sea? (The density of seawater is - 7t sfl)lj6zsk9bdo8lvm d8*$1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the smalwg3ib(ve8 b) ol piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston ha )b ewiv8(g3bos area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small pisto3h fy)zf4loo ;n has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston haslf)4; oh fozy3 a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulile -u117tl l-u4z;wdacio7xoc piston. What force needs to be; oz1l-u 4o17uiedxlcl7w- at applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its larf+tsqv.wlpq p:(ph; 7ge piston has a diameter of pfpv7q h(:qp. +w;s tl40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the 6r0g x5e)hmton3:ishbuoyant force of ths h5 g6m):onx3rh ite0e water?

  An object has a volume of ;b )0+ ulgkq*sn* ,sm t gpwgrof+n*o0$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is suppor u2.ruwx c6w8dted by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific g6xuuwcw8. 2dr ravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold .j- n )e x-k36sdv ((ehda3( 6sttksvtw l.kpcis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submcbovl20 7t )lnarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N 0 (n6wi0ay5zol zgz 9owhen it is immersed in water. What is the specific gra09yzoagz0w(n 6ol zi5vity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 1 i; /l5yk/gh)j q.be,buxan.b;yn tk:20 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended :b,kb.y a;5/j/lyinbneg.k;q xht u)from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densit 2i6inbtvcl9 n*nn(i;bfzg 0: y of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will jn-y i.i 529c0qbw4j arcdlhr- ust barely float in water. What is its mas2w h0inyic5j. rq r ac9b-ld4-s?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long,0l ou/wfru (-s 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. Hoo(sl/ -wf0ur uw many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volubk8bt9f m 6b+9mn( 8hrevwf s/me beneath the surface of the water. The weight bt6e(mv + 8rf 8/wskbm9nhf9bof the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath th.ju5uz+kqei*e9 0bnhmkm39qk /zq (te surface. What is the z( /9zueq* b k93unm+ekkthmqj.qi50 object's density?

  A 200-N object floats aori z r)*gf0)with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What ))*0 ogzrrfia is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 d,eb-g1;kjnccm thick. What is the minimum area of t-1knd jge,cb;he floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 c 5mi4.oyjzyg- m at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Thej.n3, h:u(jfzfb(kw+ rq 6hrmre is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the li,hj6+:( ffh rmrb zk.3uj(nwqne. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal+r b:e66vxen :yfxg6 z pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take forazi w: 5;5+sst t-fwzn a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m w- 5z5n:tiszats wf;+ above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water stor1z9a74xt-fyzukdjd -453ux0 yd-tpq tyi3fxage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow ou-fxiyz1jdud z4t --0a7 3yyd94 fpxkt3ut5xqt of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional are.zdq/r pj 32xe(vk op-a $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.r1.b-z;fp qm im6z9 4l ovzqp)20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the)r- 9vi 6zmzqq.o4p ; plbf1mz funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissued ; 5gbbr3,1zgwcq3lu-srdx 0 on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to b3d01 - x ,uqbcsrzd;g53 glbwre increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of8v8slbn/ dtk* kw7o/qj 4na x/ tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wij4 lkn/8kbosax/v*/t qw7 8dnll it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will watevi1 xp.lyro2w3 7)siivv-8 j1mctq +er rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 i3y8 xj-e qi i12v mrt+o17ps.l v)vcwmm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wt/kt8n.rb v,s ithb,s v.r 8ntk/t a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in lz 0l2ymhg,6p/ my4yethe tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is low/,lm0p2yy6ez m hygl 4ered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m andc91k7h; k lv +aivy.oq width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.60a io qvv;1hk9yklc +.70 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, j) umjbwd+kycl1:tu +d*a* ;eand is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How m1 )+wke+yuj:;*jmdl a*dub tcuch work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?