The three common phases of matter j mi1y) w9)b xxbq;k,bare

  Density is

  Substance A has a density oft z/u4:eus 3wnavs7 ,y $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unis l;53ob0dx qhb xo/b a)ubvlrjoe0n()d+9 (jt of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area rsp1 25o3 tvbl4g2qag,n 9)q a,tgdqnbase, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider 39at,sgb4tlgd1nqqn)q o 5 a rpg,v22at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tw as8oehj7avv4h y+(p *s xl7*uo*mqxx2( u1 yire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pres9o5fgdrmn ;f n::eve,sure at the bottom of a pool?9n5vdmgfo:e n,r :;f e

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath q g8 k,c/ yw3mb8ycc4lthe surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surfaceyy3qgc/cbkl m,4 c88w, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princrat+ 6tyfy+xl -cm9 j1iple.

State Archimedes' princ fw;g 3qkk wh4p-md4c*iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens ly -1nxfyd 0 4nm5zn-x( gl2zito the buoyant force on itz2n0y fn-ix l-x5(gdy4 l1nmz?

  Salt water has greater density than fresbksi/+ qn-e4n h water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on ts/4i- eq+ nnkbhe boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water ;0xw 97:)o3iw ir iokp5cuqviand salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volum 3rqvic;i ip7 9o5o )uiwx:kw0e of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercur,ppvo+e +4 qzqy. Where is the buoyant forco+v,q pze+q4pe on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sitsl-r pxf)+;d* avzmb9bn-h yn77fxe;;sj nyr 8 at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piecbr- nydel 7sj+ ; x;b9m- ry8px;)z fnh*avnf7e of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floajexu1okwraxj v;.*) 2) cnru 0ting in a bathtub. If the iron jrc02 .k xjv; urx*)auneo )w1is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A sec32w)n6q vvpw bg(u+yhond piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top pie)v 2+nw6vy3g(p hqw ubce is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poin9jy2 la+szwh.t B is larger than at point A. Where is t2ajs 9z+wh.l yhe speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizonttie,rh 8wm2u:x /9xair q x5nleva* 38al pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow n x xa*r9: eixqur lai23,v8me5wh 8t/speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifnduk)*b, b0 t4qh*:co cjl/z*p -eofi the pipe narrows to half its origi tne h)cu*c,4dljkbo q/0pb: **i f-zonal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle.u+j8 :jnca:9fkp/ve j 9rco 5b

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conser,fbs; 7m47xmnm2pzvh vation of energy in fluids?mmb7,7h 2 pfvs m4x;zn

  As the speed of a moving fn/21eevqx:j memc x9n,jy21fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger tpjdmaa gh- )8n9s.s:uhan at point A. Where is the water presssaus 8 h)gd.j:a-nm 9pure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. qpc /k.gn5y1 ru-m) zbThis is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at termilx:hv3dbh4w j)hi 7 gl4rv0k7 nal velocity. The force of air resistance on hi47li47x3:wg vk0) vdjh b lhhrm is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are 469lx0u,/lzzh gsb 2svwatwu4 ehg -+released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the gu b 6 49, u2/xl ashlzzt-vg4wew0hs+ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls throug i,unnzrp a9b6 c4in8ni7 go z83k3+mdh water, it experiences a dragn8pi,i n73c8a4bzgmk 3 n6iuor+ 9nz d force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrfxrm;tzx (x6. ow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below xf.(xzt6rmx;, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twicwkf dq a+xb/*fw14 l20vkxym.e the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipel. xakmq*kyf42vw0/d wx b+1fs. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B j*vk:6bsypn+w 87rbmssi6e-0no g 8nis twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of :ns-m n6o7k80 bgj b+pye*vrsn 86isw the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tas;i3 5irv pjv b1i8e8n8 pqxlx31jni1m tes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explainedj83jr vi5pximx3i1nn1l q;8p ei8bv 1 in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a hem x9+l e0q)sfqsb(dv-ight h. If the diameter were half as great, how high )m 0qsv9xesl-d fqb+(would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffkipa9 ;1 xogtd64md /uiciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions16guim9d; kd tx/ao4p . That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as t -h,y2bkxw +zvhe water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of wa+zb w-h ,y2vxkter without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimenjdoh;w:/l9 ofsions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its f:/l w9hdoo ;jdensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. orymv bf;f w 7013oijy,h3u) sWhat is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measuress/j.xotl. 7 he 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on ax7j. o.lh/t se horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is st9y*en kabr5j vqg e:nc39k 6m2 wys1i/anding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.js krg9/vwpanh7pop- .- 2 p9v0 m in the ocean?o 9v.kjphvsrn-wpa9g p7 2- /p

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maxi v 78,lip8hmsc qo*0kkmum force * ,8s q0okcpik lmv87hof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute p5(wl4 p fxzfg/ressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below 4nul:h2u 0dkbcnk3z 5 k+jom /the surface of sea? (The density of k+hz3: b4l dk/5nku0 c2mo njuseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (qb-bw3jr hw77 Thej7h7w wrb-q b3 density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of k 6n6oge/qhx8a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arh ke /8o6qgn6xea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston ha +uowd sbq+j,5s a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the w ++5ujbsq,odlarge piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm dibp)+vclx2j)5ei mnea 3 ,gna:ameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5eg a ,naxp 2)n+:cji3m 5blve).0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 86n6:a u w6mz9mz2jjnf.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter oau6w:m96 2n zmfnj6jzf 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30qy4b4h nj8yz , N in water. What is the buoyant force 8bj44hzy n,yqof the water?

  An object has a volumec c:wj3tb7rkr, lxbxkk/p+-r. 6 cra* of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submergeyd5u+qf h- nronf12ee,;q/ s bd in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specifiqdfer u ;-1b,s5+fhnn2 yq/eoc gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is apfa:cbv. ;f(s7sk3 jfx c1, *pnd 7mu$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (density = zv3jsf; 9 z1na$7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in aijj ij4id33dc3 g nyvmda:/ a2i z+92gwr and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is theg2w4cgdn ym3jd ai 3+i2ida/jz9v :j3 specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placedgokqt4 .7v2.7 el hixn on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered in x42.hl7kqng toi7v. eto the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg andr 8kg9 fg(b h2lea)a p1hw1 3m0sj9tiu density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamet-xsr z2td 7p7ier 2.0 cm will just barely float in watd 7ixz-r t2sp7er. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m widevr6p n dr01v0g, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before irr 0nv0vp61gd t sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The,r(r dq9rk *pmvy 3 fa9-7l-hykkfsq, weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Whqyhfqkds, r9k y- p(-39larr, k7mv*fat is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats 3w + 9xu3q+ncdhx0bpy in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surfac p 0d9c+b3qxu3yhxw +ne. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volznu9-z.ttb4 ipt9jan8/f4 vb d. jm8g ume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant forbp4 .9 8a/n g.8tni jvzmf4u9-dtzbtjce on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice flo8o3llfg /v7 uae 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe thagouf/8v all37 t will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the *yjzctg;ml 5w+ z,*ce flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2 ngz 7nbh+tmsx1g1u6h pkgk-:2 eu7(r.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity 6nm72esh(xgu1p+ ruzt-7n kgk :1 bghin this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressura;b-y +9uq7) mr,xtgsbwep(le of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkin 02g9t5ay5nld- myburg fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump a5bt0gdr5un -m29lyy?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that hold6e,k4bztv xl 0s water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate wibv tz0,xe4kl6ll water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizont349qza vm .m (tbdbyn5al pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour c(j0bgm i cgpk )3gh-74.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assumeg g30cg(-m bijkh)cp7 the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue ongmx-yo,ys q*7 72x23j5kvr,uv jk rfi the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided byvxro2kygi7rqjm52*v3- xky, uf7 ,s j the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice th/inld,,50cy *im clztkl7f; xe diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it xz0dccy lii 7mltn,,; */5flk rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wrtou--ccqqag3 3p(mp5.; 3 toh0uw o1an9i o aater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of doph(a qt3t-31ocngpo.a5iq9uw a-3 o u rm0;c iameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a gduz e ps6w tk, 2ga7vt3(8ae5ylass capillary tube wiagsp(3vtu6 t52ez ydw e 78ka,th a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of was,ls:8w5va libw ); + yrr.nmeter, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition w .+8me 5nwr),al;sbi: sylvr of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m ys-383mu 8frb s/dor fwith a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the sr dy-ossfb8um8r 3/f3 oap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangul 4az;hr 577vlj+ssg 6fb5k:kxzk 3 qcdar frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without burstingjz4khk ksd3g7v7 z: ;q frx l5+5abs6c the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?