The three common phases of matter ar la. 218somy6 btgqs3u 9onas73p8zzxe

  Density is

  Substance A has a det ek9 z g8*clo8baux98y(tk )wnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is n)x45d8fam+ qm k(4 coe+;btim 1kctkt ot a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area bt 6bur acm:4c2ase, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds l:atr6cc ub 24mess water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between ts*yuon;;vmasg vmf5a; 3 6)dnhe pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressurh6 )0 vkjye2jra atsw-o1r+r1 mj43nne changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a +r1n23yh6 tmk 0ajr -wenv 4asj1r)oj pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the sa4 lniiif14vmj 416cl urface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute press 1l4ml6c1anij4vi 4fiure on you?

State Pascal's principhuw5r-cg d5 tb4u :,dble.

State Archimedes' principzl ec+v4hm83x le.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens b/nu o yp.zn7a)ccm4o/ - 4abmto the buoyantcu bp/.bym4a/m7n oao -cz )n4 force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both dyw5gy2( 1f wf+ j;jayfresh water a;2aw(fdy1j fw5+j gyy nd in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship f5xqdr8f)j7giz 6mcb(anr 3+6-xeiow loats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volumefr 6xj) bz7+5gmi8q i6nrdeo-xa3c (w of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pojkx d2p 1q*v-u 5ubao0ol of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the bba0uu- ko 5x* vpq21djall greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a l:*-br4yrx bprv s, q*og4gmb+ ake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyr,gp-vm4sbx: 4goqr* b* +ryb ant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a pie)bo.urf4m ww8e .i szyf4es6 (ce of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed s froumwsz4iwb 8f. .(e6e 4y)from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a swxvzf m8m07lo3 n1(dx6 4dg rrz3y 2nbathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to ny401zd(zm6m 3 3 srfv drnxo8lx7 w2gthe water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. +.1 koiaxb5qj The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water ki 1jxaboq5+. greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifp /s6s1 z duof;k+q3abbdcm(1 the pipe widens to twice its original radiudbm 3k;so+/p1d1u6(f cs zaqbs, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in aa us; cwvn 38;fod 4fls9:w*vy horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its oriaf 9;:v yw8nvs;3o 4 c*dlwufsginal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princmmc 3;iwff hxd 69bq9j0la2 6yiple.

  Which one of the followingd-p q)rh nble. 9v3os7 is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluidshe q)vp7 .9 o3l-drsnb?

  As the speed of a moving fluid incrt1 pp8) +rhg5vbik9 7ji1nn sud(*o dkeases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is largj pm0x6a3*b wd: a u 5r6ckgbio+pa2)ver than at point A. Where is the water pressure grwbb3o6r mga)cj: u 6a2da+pp xi*k05veatest?

  When you blow some air above a pap/au)lx 3 tj7jper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at ,(otn 34u gf)paql)9q cf:v psterminal velocity. The force of air resistance f,l3cnsuotv 9) p(aqq:g4fp)on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of rade izh5yuf;s9. ii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach ihy;ef9z u. 5sthe ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r p/kvi5sfbnhe dv 0) h,;a xyla/1 jc,6falls through water, it experiences a drag n;y/v hjdxv/abhc a0ei)lk,6p5s ,1fforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effvjla :lp28vm9 ect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change vp29lvma8 jl:in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has tppi; .9t(v6egex5 fkrn;2apg wice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in ppva9f6 p gp(nkx5ie t.r2;;geipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twicecp* :ffs( x*(dyh b*bg as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure* xbshbyc (*pf*d: (gf difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tzoe+ /6:jp gwnastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", epzwn+/6: jogthis is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is s z*4wz9wh,d mu)6y pgplaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water ruph6gz z )*s,9wwm d4yise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighvw k-6u k evr2p0+;wz 6w0dnp1nra/ mnt that they can run on top of water without brnvnk;r v2 pu6-d6n10+0zwkw pm eaw/r eaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that tkwl7hc94g ku.xcy *3g hey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B i49wygkl.g7 * ckxu3 chs twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass owffzmc. b2yx * k/g)i1f 30.0 g. What is its dengzywf m*bf ki/1c.x2) sity?

  A liquid has a specific gr8co.jtfiplas ) : alt+;9:6 /cfxjozx avity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0f t+ .rm4um mv07ad j4/w.qir 1b;vtwz cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressu/w0framit+b 1 d .q;4mjwm7vvrtzu4. re it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe hashn9:wiel;l+y pc7bh7ezi 18j area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120g1q h4t eg5:cy.0 m in: 15c4ggtyhq e the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withybunld;* f ghm( ,tj7v m:,2flstand a maximum force ofnu,;y( ,:mb7t*jhfgfmv 2 lld $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute prd;ukocz-2y34fimw 6 eessure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pres;8 ctq8 mb/vseyrx7 x*sure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densis /vxb;y8rm xq c*te78ty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a yjngvv* w,g 3,9lp9tdlocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater g9v*v3 lgjtpy,,w 9nd is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. nx-tbu-i;)xn The small piston has areanib) -u;x x-tn $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the smmzp0o8h77f x8)o ztuk2ajm*)y9g buu all piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large pistk 8 y0h8tzp)*g77z o j)uma9ofu2bmxuon?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diametew uw-ebbs2r6/z 5ia7y36gn m*em9h a ar hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pien i -wm3 7zryawbesu56aag*6h9b2 /mston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piigu: jc))i.wzd7k5r n9f )k kjston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 ckw fir5)7:.k djzn9kj)ug)i N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the /algz;: -v)6lutc ofibuoyant force of thz uf)ai:/v -lgto ;6cle water?

  An object has a volume of yis+i6 :2d9 d fasap**gxuz0q$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while su*gio7 s2f,n w ypimf-l8or(s3 bmerged in water. What is the te-orss y(m,27of f 83pniwg*linsion in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold s-sz .moqrk78 lj8m+ zis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densitqny:00 zk/wjdc5 c)t py = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when 5 ;yyfw9mdy e0k o57t8 qb0fvbit is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gr0f0tvbfq k;e8yd9yb5y o7w5mavity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now ab,b-5 oi ze* )h5glpk kwu)z5j 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the wat kw)5h kbz 5i)zp* j5goeu-b,ler, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum sht3eg:.2m spwith a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float 61p 8fnj8e8gsh v6ge ain water. What is its m8 je v18 p8fa66eghsgnass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0taum*c ,pd+rxef i0 5hgi 3sf /-l.cc* m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box befor.cf+mc5pcf/gi 3r*lx,uhas 0 d-i* et e it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. Thedf1d+b m5xiel)8a o b( weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the)oda bd1xelm5 8(ibf+ weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath(y+p0tv*tv/ qp4;q 0mpenuzl the surface. What is the object's deq(q z/*lpp n;ttu ve4+pyv 0m0nsity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface cn7ufe1 8ya :8twyaz 6+vmu+nof the water. What is the buoyant force:t+umuy 1eawnvc n8 f8ay+z76 on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm t 9awx+enw8(9a qh6 ,hpps ti0nhick. What is the minimum area of the flhq06ptasia nx9 np9e,+w(w h8oe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s bjuce;mu7 h4:qr3z7cc/a7ux . Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm c0n86t) bt(bd9ow aj) fmrq/xdiameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictij /f) m bbot0w)na9xq(68tr cdon?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a h2 jdrg*2tz0gh orizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pow0xn,;f) kl xump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if nl xxwfk, o)0;the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that hold l yhgj98o*lh*s water at a dept*lo *gh8 h9ljyh of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional ar j)-(is1 f o ,stobc;w;i;khdgea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. Hmobd+p,en 4)roc 0qp:ow long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect ap:ep) d mnr c4oq,+o0bny drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decr5 h- c5xl/kr bmr+hozvp,e)3zeased the radius by 10%. By how much would the preb3 -cxrh kzl + )rm/,ph55voezssure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are . /-gg1l*dtnjbp0 wvc placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of 1 pcbtnwvlg-/d0j *g. tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of waterjt68iil kw 8sp,7eo2 s is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm wkit8soi,s6pe8 2jl7?

  232

  To what height would ))yd,fhub)g/ jmqq/wa ;1 pbgwater at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a ,;mqw)p /1/ b aduh) )ggfyqjbdiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water o7yekb: im 5d86 3lmozrises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original valu ml:iemyo67 z58o d3kbe by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length;2f4h fzta*7isi*n6jtwjs 8b 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 7;snb 24**f f htai68zsjjtwiN/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 c q4.*rswqodorfp+:e3i5v ,z rm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that tvro:dzpfi w5r. +rs,43o *q eqhe frame is 12 cm square?