The three common phases q uy(jjntc 00 k1xj+n4 smc1y6of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density r0vbr vsrr0r wd-3qhjx , y-)-of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of presyas;vyn 4g t 7k6nk7)nsure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and:y-sp1*9rqo ye6, gcjrps t/z all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so hold :jpsz / y9o,*qyr6sgtec-p1rs less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside anxhd1; ;xj:r4m7qie fcd outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes,cx39 nsl9ykfbzl b91. what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of 9ysxcb b 9.kll9fnz31a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a phur93uuz (a44es5 blsool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?u4 eulsu 59s (bah4z3r

State Pascal's princip9*9 vr2q pm5h9dpce snle.

State Archimedes' prini6yqkwq 910 hkciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, wha.-a*sex wst9 mt happens to theta-m. 9s xe*ws buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than e )rld x(8iq1ubq6fw:fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh waterlf8i)d:qeur6bq1w x( and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh waterez0glgxv ,q t.x2*3l utv2e4 b. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water ix u ,qe0bl2tvg3v g4 *e2txlz.s

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a g8/dzg4k0wi5pb6 m fonz ,n948r dboo pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball wo89d 8kb4zpon 0 g nifbmd64rg,/o5zgreater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next tkf mpdy dd:71ui+( xm4o a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoym+u d7 fpyid1mk xd:(4ant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floatinz.vnt(krp;-w y k:7.c ld2 nkkg in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the wny ; kw:zrd 2k-tn 7pkv(.kl.cater level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top ock*26 x i7fi6s ci*7hck gr7pcf the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in ig2xf6c6k* s7 i *7 kp7chirccthe tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe aw:bn 3hkd )sc8z0f u 2*d2vigdbkp8f/t point B is larger than at point A. )*bivng 8ku d/ hf sp8zdb3k02f c:2wdWhere is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontafdd -la+8 k(val pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider s-8d+kafa v l(dection?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to qkdi. o edo6o,1lh0 -ihalf-i1ho6oelk i0qd, d.o its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prindjv u6:7lw 1;n qfu6niciple.

  Which one of the following is associated witqns g+80e z2s3hugwg, h the law of conservation of energy in fluie ,3h8sgg szg+20qwn uds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid in: swuce wr3v+3creases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe a tve,j(p:drk *t point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water press* pe,d (:kjvtrure greatest?

  When you blow some air o sj;6ord5zp*zhnf w+,oz- / pabove a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The ft v7imgzh*r2d70 7eo p s7br1gorce of air resistance r2edpb7h g70 vit *os gzmr177on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released sefay2 yav ; u7+kss(-simultaneously from a tall tower. Whichvsss(y7a-u y2k;f+a e will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through watb pjn0op4m* t6er, it experiences a drag0o6 jnpp*t m4b force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect onpp; kc401b8 vrpe6eyo the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% rop ekpcvpe8614y ;b0 change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B hl ch;l1n*u7v6*glgq das twice the diameter of pipe A. Wat;7l1qv* ngl6h d *uclger undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but piuhho -o((c nj*k20lu6.l xodype B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the o(c*l 2.u hdoh y(xu k6onj-0lflow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes grvh2 08ft 0( ,rvsqa ax,es5 nxmig/u7ieasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instsa he m ai2vni x0v0,,7/q5gx f(uts8read of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is plse,.k eiu/e8, vt7ncihoe /2: (glcyqaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameuv h/s8ig eq,.y,k/ (eticoc en e:2l7ter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that thm-gr ;hf8n*keei:6d tey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight ofkn m* ife :g86h;-dert bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lighh2ttw 15je 6yetweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feetj261eehwt 5 yt of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.s yzw p7b150+ivj/ve q00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is w z1 q0bpvie57/s+yjv its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of o2 kp,,lw i-gbtvmxd+39 mc5j0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 1t yvw,j/ajt, 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maxitywvj,1/a j ,tmum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has ar i8.uv:tbyy4zea $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (abh1hl1finvm z::: td .psolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in them1dv1l fh: tn p:ih:.z ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine y.qr o5facot 2 d)8o xv/n9g.ican withstand a maximum force of 8t9yq. oan d/)vgo2o5 if.rcx $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute presc :r(ehh: 8;2fem whl sza1m-isure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m bw 0r4p *r)g)xko7q-k-hb dvmxs ;-jxjelow the surface of sea? (The density0;d-xk j*w7vjs-br mg)o) x4xp qk-rh of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m/9rrwavksb 92,z9neo below the surface of sea? (The density of e o/2b9k9n9zsv ra,r wseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pi5y ,/c-zksd4sfl/0 l3czqkxf ston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston kfkxz ls0 l dcfy,qc-4/zs35/ has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, thwy5bh ftj/e 9r-8.eu iq go)dne9u)d) e small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift qe 5dguft-e j)by.)/)9i9u dnwhro8e a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whf6yiwm 0 g.uq)d p+*vlat force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter 0+dwi6.*vpuyg )lmqf piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hyd/6xg p-vz 1uof 6+odczraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a dixd+o c6fz-p6v1 u/ zogameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in aij 0*f.rw+ kboj*3fsde;w u9kp r and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the waf3+d9*0 rfb.; wjeu k*jwokspter?

  An object has a volume of1 s02gkg6tlub $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in wat *n; tdtzm8dy+ e(bs2f)x b,xqr hv58ver. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 72byf+ *(v;zvseqtd588t),r d h xxbmn.86.)

  If the density of gold i)sr3+my0asen fr;j-t 8qhh *bs $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submau98m 5vb vpbzfsr1*s/ rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it iss) l/d t-tx5el in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Whld)t /-xte 5lsat is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on )ivp4.,1 yy l-so srgoa scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowe . y,)4gv1ossyorp-ilred into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0.0f6 go4whzcej1h:h on ww*2y kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2yazrzjal 9 fz x m7k80hec+:.;.0 cm will just barely float in waterhkzm79 ylaz; 08frxzj+eca.: . What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, )da/yt c b 9s t/ y7ho*oalc2fz,ffa,6and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the sf yy* /7f azb,a2a6/ohocfc)d9t,lt box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The wup-se(g f2oz(7nkg+:pspka*in 63 oreight of the displaced wzr- g2sg(: sfe*o+auk(6n 3kppo 7p inater is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volumenl8,fe .awq5hi+ (kp d beneath the surface. What is the object's densli 8q(wk.+ npd,a he5fity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath thej o-ap6r:q1t;gm*tde surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on thm1 *oert gq6:t ap-j;de object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm t8h,v ;d1hb unhhick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific g; hhn8vd1bu,h ravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0lv)v* apf (4ojgt /lu; cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s.kj/ks0bx88ow u9 bje- There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is ojwsk/ 0ue j8b- bkx89the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressuq fjj/v1o 0/zt2eyk0(kwurr2re of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure do/moi hxx a7y r6;49fmnes it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 3a6 9hmry;7n f/mx 4xoi0.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the p2i)ceijoq w 0d ql1(;nej1 -tbottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate 0(p t ci11i-qe )ojq;dle wjn2will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-se7joicnt( dg+v,v8lx9)b* p gh9fse5m-v 8 evgctional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a 2+dbel + 2clyxviscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume2+e+ l2yxlbcd the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an dj*1c5ig8j:td o ge0d artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provi ijg0d 85t1 e*gocdd:jded by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A hxqk bt8;h* l*9uy(2q wwu ;+wvup2ofcas twice the diameter of tube B. If water riuqcuyb;k*(h82 pwxvwt +q ulf 92w* o;ses 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise inuyji kd 9p-24bme dq**yjv1 .cepkyy 9.8(olk a capillary tub eudo9qck.9*km.p vj by*i 4(-y edp21jlk8yye of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degrewlaf2 d :ghz 3 a7o6a2pq9yc,ze Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wih9oqag262 7 3z ,zacapd:flwyth a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water,r,ejr dj*n swj wjb-*3 *)oun( and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The sur -j )j odj*wr(rej3usw**b ,nnface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.12jj*p4uja5 ng3(idhg (hj )ab30 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapyan(* hu 5 djjhi4)p(gjb33 gaj water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm ldb 0+) ;owdeyi:otm3 and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in thei+b ow o3ytmd)0l:;de frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?