Suggest which of the following might influence a 1i;0avrjzp+ 89kxq6t )j nbhhperson’s environmental value systenk p+a8;i1h )zrj9qj 6hx0vbt m:

  igure: Sample EU energy ;k ;eozkt00e :(6 namsj;a cpkefficiency label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following e-79gbano wc x./2 unbknvironmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder oba72nu-xg/.9kn boc wf Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblecicph3+e f ;s z:7bfsp)c9dg+ "




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a prtp6lo,na c5d8iority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for jbeb 5ox wxpkgcn1l83d87be o3,z2)udeveloping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right whales kb6;2r,jzjyq7vp(y e6 .lf:rzpcvi9


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an out ow):oyle7,o vzdd(ntbn(f65 wem8+ xput of an environmental value system.What is input and outpuwob+7y6 ((d el:d wzfn)moo8xv5, e ntt?

  Determine which is the best definition p;*:yz 2 tp+n mvmxg7ofor ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for deve )b,9o xrn/p-marv vv 1plxd))loping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment rpc ;zy: 9bl5n6(tlkh has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most close k8yv r2dy7+uely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value system. d2ek8r7y vuy +


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in dnwxw;j+, ;g-fnvkq; Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Sekv+8 c2zfyym dlkj)*j ,(,uztvern Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you*8yj djlft,y( c2)k, zkmz+vu don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai b-:p) f;luazt






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential f4mm 6k lhw3+p0v.j:)qlbl bxevents that shaped our modern view of envir bvxh). pkl f3+0w:mblqm46jlonmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly d h8ozq*u392lv q( x+q,tshah trawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes witns u( (fv0*(utvhwa *zh the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developinlm8-mqir*hd -3jtr ,w g an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reali m7)qwb6zbj:rty used to help people understand complex workings:)bz mq7r6jbw .
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chk0: n1pq js.y4qney+j 6 xqex3ain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram that 3 sat5mxtey-rs-g 6u+is true.

  Figure: A simplified mode q*(.f zcehf0yx rw..a0nfp m*l of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for devxsi.o4.u2(1 nrqvyh e eloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a sspbri,w+3.. bratn,d:vl9ka ystems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon throug35f getj y55nav65maucm6hdkj7 4f5 ueb,/zch the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram ofhx o0(cr mu kdyys1v)s,/sjt*bw2 a9 ( a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise rzbiask8 df u -+x)+9ton the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of xczi.3dj5 xe;a tree . what it Input ，Output ，Both input ani3; exczjxd. 5d output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is +xxiy 8iwblp*;,sqo 0*apdb+od0u 5 zan example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negatd*k6z(i+cvd nive feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lea+lbrn:/*3gt-i z smg( b;was7 f-nh ord an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator jw dfqui g2ary3kl5o.-v6 n 0)and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedh ay)s 6j+.sg m2ga6m.i*ycyqback is not correctly paired with the ecgqj)*gya2a my.i.s6y 6h+sm xample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succef*z7jgakmtdm4 -*sm1ssion that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand ch k1dajf m7 g4zt**sm-manges.

  Determine which of the following selgi+wmnnb h8 y .s-i(f/om8;gquences is an example of a negative feedback men8f;i . ih (mysgml8 -w+/nbgochanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplisv.ro1(9 hj g4vltso r-hed by an Environmental Impact Assessmento( hr-1. rg4vt9ls ojv (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in r3p ps lcq/4l:ixvgcqq-4-/ 3hu ttwe, otation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainableql-l:qewpgxc,/hcitq 3 434 v -tups/ yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabi-rvp5)t /7ypsujiim + v8t2x ality.

  Which of the following would not fall under the co. 0q r8.tycecgog)*4g3p hc sc p:gx5lassification of ecological good ogeq.*ph 3.:g gctr4)5 o0yg8pscxccs that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource ccusd la/+v x) c(br*j.onsumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out beforfb ,q qm,9xoso,88kvue a major c sbooum9kv 8q,,fqx8,onstruction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capiu2yi phfg1as, nt65 /ota $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor blcpm,r3se mx 5q)3 eqc1 )-n*t+,xu,kf wtef is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainabilit lem +mr,u35c)) 1s qq f-3kcnefx*,ebxtwpt ,y.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabvj7:)5xpl 9pmmek;v o 4b: n qgxts(f*ility.

  Figure: Average per capita (h5 ldgxw ;g co7ltf2; $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is cigwl;, hmjrkj9**fn k(9eq 7not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutio)at) a51yuii 5t)t d,spjkqn)n vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method thati5/imh8; l.cxb9a9cze hj1hl is not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vaw-wz 2 8qo-b 88k/ydh 6nfds:efa f3-1echzvgst amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died zdc882dq1 fhagh we/oskb fn8y3-6:zv w- f-e in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term a la j8dx*c+h0wnd the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethaned2jfhnp diz6g1.t/.5mik t*a (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per crytl5.d;6vbpk3q 4 unapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at :6)cfohoro-1rj p nu i+ l:fp9Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 201pxd2,1(7 6dxvxrxd m8j /biyq9




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per +ma0 k(b lx in 0r,6*qh+ussxzr,zwo( capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.