Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental value s* .gkt.565mvdkk(exutf .ofa yst 5 .xm vak6f.gk.* k5tefdo(utem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing mclwcv 8g*)hh18; khbpachine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most likely9fneyu9 1ik,fmp gim+ 44vz 5u held by ip5499,gyvukin e41fm f+ uzmElon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" j( v4iml vc7yly; i 1x)-)llcd




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority iucq +,+nf e,nbagm+kzr g 7w24n a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an el 5cey6ia 7 ky:ljce7o)i6x/ mnvironmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atll /kkn0h,r) g;d3 tml..s ehdnantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What is inpute7: bd38m zpoe and ou 7 ep8bod3m:eztput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmentalj vmho:w,bw5ku4 7p,f value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sy81 2ujc iclhb e;34yrcstem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an i4cq /l cvjshw):f 5txzp )+gh6ntrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely ;t8,s0becj/e pw/n/dyhyw-))r f umxassociated with an anthropocentric environmental valudt /yye ;wxuc p0/-/)8mnr)jf ws b,ehe system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate il5m:;3 hg fga)2dcp yin Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke av+iahpc0tl6 jw ;9i5dt the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know hovcwii lja0hd5pt6;9+w to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat/bnxxz7r ,kn qnp 5qb6g21 8,tm5ious hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern5:mzyz96ex4c ucn .dq view of environmen.cmcuz4n:ze6x9y d q 5talism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a corp 4 ix ,zlly3k+ou(h,h;a -8 j:lpcukrrectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes witbz5f t5 hjr f00vz8y+ih the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing jv/giu0mcc 99sl sr 3p2u k+2man environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people u0 :1/xflgb )iq aw;u5jucv ba4nderstand complex working bbl vc)5: jx0uqgfiua1a; /4ws.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food ch8r: +s 5(e/ap nikigqcnitfmu q 7h.5.u* -chhain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems ds bt -n1/3w sbc+ ksi;+n(;ieag upu6miagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycli h t/ouzw3z78lt(v yn 4.4rkle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value system 5s1*tb7lx k 0 v *tbbxrjn-p)b





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a syst zf1gz8 by2uh2u. c,wsruk /w;ems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carb vh,hjmt .v*p)7d2sdq.n xdu33po9qcon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram ofv + * jn2qhg :(8cejesyx;g+,oqk,uhp a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marshwd. ,j a0 8ke:+znsdnv





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output i*:*dp5h/(zeesm y ec ，Both inputey/5:s*e*cim(ep hz d and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transfo3 hv slhxz0 +02co:wqormation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback loops...?s f3myfk5(3iul xojdp ,( sg,0

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to aiyv rqbhvp/y,* i4xq13zj:na3ty b8- tipping point.

  Figure: Population dg(su5ok, ) w8.tky6 seipep js )asy84ensities of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not /aj/b,ca a9,eu:r pokcorrectly paired with the exampoa,/ ar9 ac,:k/j uebple?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilience and thqc3fpf3tlx 4-90iqw ce ability to witx i0ft33cq-9p q4lwf chstand changes.

  Determine which of the followin fejo*)o- lv:,9ru2g he2nvqf8 olm2rg sequences is an example of a negative feedback mechan9*e u) vg,2q2 fl8oo:fr2v en-ohrmljism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environment/yb01 hwt0 jpil1b(ytal Impact Assessmen0jytl 0 t(hb/i1y1pw bt (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, tre3-o0mgz3 1g qvdj2fuh lk(a7kes are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their ohg (k0j z2l1k-udmqf 373v aggrowth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that /kjzx gvq: b5/does not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classificaz.gj43 wizm x*tion of ecological goods that can produce nat g z*zj.iw3m4xural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental 45wj2p w b-nin0soa0 fcapacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a majo+7( si iq xj5n,laqeg(r construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of a(g5ijq iq(sl a+ 7,xenn EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capizp-d:4yktgw (ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with howcob47ab71 chw it affect7c14hoabc w 7bs sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that hr*o2:b u wet kx*p)2ris not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita9prae 4 n/nrkuz+ b+b6 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the folg0 94mj m3sayox-u t3ylowing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates 6*vxpohkbpv:80ndz9 2 dgbs 0from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a debni*8 jxn g(/irect method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of 7br4 : ob* -h)u.pgyrenx,ksw methylrbu yh, x:b*. 7rgnkeop4) ws- isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not colt buq zn)iogll2n.5b4 42)z orrectly match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about yf 3o*8kwmfw;Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per eey y*+uvga0:capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seaw9z 8 qjbt,d)yj( :bf.cnh(hl mater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per ca3d-9oyrbjv7e: s. xu pqis+0vpita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita cc q,-tvcrug:q*t4 6,xbhr; r$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.