Suggest which of the following might influ h-4uh .3i hvri,e(bbgence a person’s environmental value system:,h3(rebi hb4hgvu.-i

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing 80muz n fend 9unr*i25machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems i-2f gl,da43jan7ns vks most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Teslds an nkf2 437gv,-ajla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblvs4v)2y;hnm1p v;uy ;ix i,z ue"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocen7qmas: s+/+9co k(nmizw lr9rtrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environm*,ld * a7mzhemental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlanki v*dwsu ;q+9tic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an n0rzb/w/jk jp0bd t5 9environmental value system.What is input and out/b0n5pzbw r /d0k9tjjput?

  Determine which is the best defdslgdj s)98. finition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmentalovsep r-(h. -b:y;i nsx0lv7 9d,yytr value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the eo/5fvrr .gznntme + s4sq98h1nvironment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is k nla6 r1spj23most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental p3s16raj 2lnkvalue system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Kato.te:gowt1bs2 wice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old gi842kl u1 mrxwyrl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know howu4rlk18wx y m2 to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai -u gn;7;c h0pqhu ;wta5o)msrpb p5)j






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our sg 6umzgwme ,h;b(3)2ehn- u vmodern view of environvszb g2eg,n -em3 6wum(hu h);mentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that iq+6g4mb8fc zts not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes witydhxe9fw 6p59-c s1a nh the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an env4y 5gx xvvpw)a2o1mj47jkp t4ironmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of re+rx3lnndt 1 o7ality used to help people understand complex workings. t7olnd3n1x r+
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food c*i1 q(n0o p s,e(udt*/pnng ewhain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systemsw- 5u.i.e.ca,fwhae+se ,hr3kk ,d y m diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the car +tuy6dd 1b(6b pu-c- yyaj1tabon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for develo aa 87kcw.f.khdr*o u(ping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the followed 6xdf7z /2if 8l)taging is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbonyykvz2) qs4 /06x6zy j cnx/kd through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram mmc; 3usmbqk 28wr0k:of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequesy x-kv5xhp/1 zcc 6cy4tration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，O7gchto2o5 b0 zutput ，Both input and h7cbo o2t z5g0output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformat0o,/ thk0zphjet7r(gion.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negati mu ce52ed96v /0apcs znl0c/nve feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping8nx*9mtb8oo v+*yxtrwgf 6 g0 point.

  Figure: Population den32q e rh,ve2tmsities of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the follo 8fi( :lh3.krillg.6fm k3 ejxwing options about feedback is not correctly paired with the example?fr ihmgj3k(l8 .x.flielk : 36

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilifw 0, :le0kcky,qw;j wence and the ability to withstand ch;ql0:,kw0 wc kf ,eyjwanges.

  Determine which of the follov27swjywza9h by );) lwing sequences is an example of a negative feedback myhybw72z) slja wv9) ;echanism.

  State which of the following is not acc-3sy8 sdu1lqqnr ,i.q.xa, ( uq2g lfgomplished by an Environmental Impact Assess q1 d8lu ,,3xsgq q-.2ulga.ysirf(qnment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in differentfkq0z o4p gl2g9pfs0 - sections of the area depending on the tpffgp4z2sgqo-0 lk9 0 ype of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not dey zz):tm)pof (ftef 4t). ndi6fine sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification bbfy rxl d1kbl( o) x8em.)4v7of ecological goods tha obfbrx4)m yldb1e7xv.(8 kl)t can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource cond- 3u8v d* 9wl6u+l yzpzs+xqnsumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a mi y(pzdow4we83( nyg*ac5sc1 ajor construction project is undertaken. Oe*zpoc a34dgnwi5w(s (8 y y1cutline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita l8l9*k s7hmoyy1z5 7 r*qz ouo$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which th .+;qg ;8zw scxqrz:qfe factor is not correctly paired with how it affeccfq z s q;:gzx;+w.q8rts sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not au0:huxi+w6 *te ps7s0ba 20 m5wxlovo way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita w6zkif fg+rx(kamks,90b5 r s0 76pid $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the /10 s5fzf lpxcg0 dfisjpf0,6following is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP p.l7rbaq53*s: lfo caq er capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method thatrz5s 0i1ebguun5t ;d/ is not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, regr ii;n7k8r/y-u k 5moleased vast amounts of methyl/- 8m5iuk;oikyr g r7n isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the example. i.s8yrdr; f8m+:w(j4s(dovj*o zd n h
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (Dyu ka(,kzy +dlwtx4: 3DT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per ;ijg 38 3psizhcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawatc/hb:jojyl sk6 n0;h+er at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from y qug9,drd rt6ay+4/xoutdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita y:j60l:cb jpz6wmi9h/-s q wg$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.