Suggest which of the following might influence a pk+8aphzma(5p i;- hq7 sdx;rgerson’s environmental value system xhmi 57;ag;(- p8hkqazd+prs:

  igure: Sample EU energy effi jqn:qwm2ud93ciency label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value 2n4pli)hhj7f p2cdyc2p gxt3b7 5*du systems is most likely held by E n)il cpx42p22g3fh7tbjph7cdy * du5lon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marb;ct , khe7w ;/ 9uq.ckt,emvlfle"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a pj*uw 7tylk7w 9ck6t1b riority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developingy (sa208gdlqf5hxs8- fnf h)d an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic dvl (m 9(; aytv;vnt/fdk ugc9.z-g j*right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an e:63pxenxt1h output of an environmental value system.What is input and outpu3ext: 6ep nhx1t?

  Determine which is the best dea:o;;bl;q5bh5c qngy as;6ac finition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems movhf45 v /en7c:+mf3ne;ducjw*f xe2 pdel for developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the efzs /le;vu-. aet:r5znvironment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the +.krc4bv+(hdik ehrm83tb-bn6h;a ofollowing statements is most closely associated with an anthropocencmb abo h+di68h-h 4trvb +.; kker(n3tric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2airh. u 4xfl(q5sga 40018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, mh *p/21r ybvoSevern Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from aroundbm*/yv1 ho p2r the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathaji v2+3,w/w iojiv (b p/)hseci






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential eventsf n(6fdu8 uoz: that shaped our modern view of environmentadn8:z6u fo(uf lism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correct 73 ;:hp flm6ppiji-cbly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a ck4-oc41.z oc-akzr1 uz lr-j slosed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental valk burw-c5 a)x*ue system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used tovsd) t6b5 tor5g95 4 ecxv;vzf help people understand complex workings.x) t9s gv55;4ozd5vc bvr6tef
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic foo3a eoms/p+o w.d chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about8f z mj6fzk8m* a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyzx x;z5dr xde,6q4e/u1ec;ff d.c kf)cle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sn ).gwt-: xfszhkb76cystem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is gays8p q 4j-h2not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon throsw bkm/ mswv c19u;tt3b*er/ 4ugh the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tre(gqmct 3g,rb /e

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the ch*4z8 jty0k -y(zqya zarbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a t; dn q*p3hdx *fxghu-5ree . what it Input ，Output ，Bo3hdg*xpq;x 5 uf*nhd- th input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the -b5dnz,i5o+fl )u,-oflvu rf following is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback loops...0dvpo 8s 53qhrn54qm q?

  State which of the following is likel2 0uxwj qd kv, g(+b9nbgdc87e(rs/igy to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator f8dd- *h1xe.g,)uisuco,rfm and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback h;1a 8al9g9i*xsr .olji(k rhhj+z t2is not correctly paired with th.xr*19hr89t jzalil sh ih +;(2o akjge example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succesj z*bnbkypd8.-0 .qhvsion that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withs q pnb8dhv0 kbzy*.-.jtand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an ext3ni2.rj7xz*h ht 1pp ample of a negative feedback mect.r xptji 23nh7*1 zhphanism.

  State which of the following is not accoms+pllf tuwrht+o2d c5(1j h )4plished by an Environmental Impact Asses2t wjtlo+l41d(rc+fhs5h p u)sment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sectixc6)8z/jnj nl w+n.b ions of the area depeln6nci xnjj/8z .bw+)nding on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does no/wrg 9t8v vha9v-7sw kt define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of we*m ;2f-fousf(8hp.vecj 8recological goods that can produce natural capmhfe88cprf (2w *eus;vj o. f-ital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resxcf )c8 tg qcngg8mf74xhlk1(/e )pm9ource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assesztq (jc07yszyf,io x) s,v :u5sment) is usually carried out before a major construction projeszyjuyf: c,0s,7qtz5x( oiv ) ct is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitajoff:l8hae )fo; 8 z:1wd,yp4ilyb0w $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with z ;d8 nzzlib22t/fat. how it affects su.;fz8l/2n a2ib t zdztstainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increas0l0ob +i rjw+ke sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita04c /qa t;h2hcohw lvy.ykxrs 7x7-x0;f iik 0 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollq ; uvcl,ptr)1utant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor;6i gt(j,ffu e8oa(oe t1f-) z 5rlqwv pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollution :zq ct,jjh86x,nmmx *fj /4pl.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, I 8t8q4u+jm ruyvtli5 5ndia, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days afi 5v84yj8tuq+mtu5 rl ter the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and tcn* qsb 0 kzs:f906hsmhe example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichlo.mdqz3* v. ogwroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per c(j; r xr9ma)1rruse 8kapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beh7ns6 ,* pwq+;zcxsqj ach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outk mwx yg,7g4p-.(8 auidht)t kdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per cak3uj2,ttn (4 jjq50rbsl,dwa0i,zf b pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.