Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmzo1*)aku tu g (g9lg3wental value systemgzo3 g91*(au lkwutg ):

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washin*:uky(ta, um.;szgs fg machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most l ecq) n jdoiijai93 -z)ib: cq*6us07iikely held by Elonq6iqdio )ab cz 7:c ie9si*j )ui30j-n Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marb*a ny64e)qx wtzzr*;xle"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a prioritboyg8ugw-eudz95n7( tf+ -m 7ha)aity in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model fory-tzql mq k -c/mf,q4pxov876 developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atl(eq /ku tk84is k li0u7kx5vr4y (h1swantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental vusfw d8 swjp5fy07v( xldg-*4 alue system.What is input and outpu8( 7-gyvludf5s 0p x* wsjdf4wt?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ (Eqcwc+ qht zc ,7cpx16,VS).

  Figure: A systems model fo 6fdu f762whgib44ih hr developing an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic valu(webg)ygup ok s q:+ps: y1l8)e.

  Identify which of the followi)/xblv r2+ 7*mu ,gx/ vi9ksp6 sjomjnng statements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental vabxj*g vo 2kxn /v,uj 6s9i/+lrm 7smp)lue system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowi gu-dyu:)nl8s74mmtoj)s 1m4ic h t) fce (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in .;auocdtwd:rk.rwpb/a0z :)7 4 rh tm1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’.0 zaud. t/rrmar;:dc ww4:)koh pb7 t
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathct/-(7reh iwlai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of in4ut( s ru.(bwt . eg.kshem, ;s;qcph,fluential events that shaped our modern view of etqh u ;se;r, g,k( wc..4p(smb.shuetnvironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systems ffpz qolzba3:t5 bev,)v d+;:

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system mk* x:g5y qv -xln83l+lq+ :csplwznq:akes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental valx99nqk (, hlzwue system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used *,.ezy13we8:drjc bd soyf: hto help people understand complex :bzw*s,y.yfc3jor e: h18de dworkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for invg0x j 4,pqcofb jzl g;qosh:o.a4p579estigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems du djpi)szn,8 b s+k,9diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the car6i40z 58db3dp tmdzghf l*)xjbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an envid kls(r92ny *p)msrr-ronmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is i:axg0u b)c/j rx d3egxk(96au)2ynunot true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the ca-vzg5l )s3p6izygu5 94 5jovaa8 gfefrbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of tqh;x r rr9+ fgbuy/(-a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on fw3/zeech)1rqhc6ux i l,:k*the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input gxo vm(ahc3fic/g0 co+(fj* : ，Output ，Botggi(: fj+/c ovm(*0a f3x hcoch input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the followin3*cfpgd, 7wgfs/ c r4rw38cgug is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negativeoxda(z(a m+6, gui/ov feedback loops...?

  State which of the followrfk( 2wew0 uen7*qr( v v1ztl,ing is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a prebh5k1u +xu83e rmxz(y dator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is nedh6;;be,bil v k;nar u)oy-6h88 oz zot correctly paired with the example l;d i,y)8v6;;nz- hb8b e ozhkreu6oa?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to 8d+0oen q(hl-sg)cpt. o4 drvshow resilience and the ability to eo+sdoqr08h dg (4vnl- ) c.tpwithstand changes.

  Determine which of td :nx;s,0cvv zk7 vnd8s6.xk mhe following sequences is an example of a negative feedback mechanismvs c7xzd8nk6;m kv.vn x s0:,d.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Esfq+ .)m, jbnrfp nurtj r0nn*383f3w nvironmental Impact Assessmtnrfr3 80 +n.w *n3rf3n)jbusfqm,p jent (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sb/2 ofgj m-7jlections of the area depending on the type of wood and their ojj-2/g7f lbm growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define ,y7 *c8gn qdbrjc3dz7/ xiap-sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the class08h zxbdxr lo8(aq9bl o)o3(sification of ecological goods that can produce nathb)(a8 zr lobxs0l9do 8 x3o(qural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capsc4 s)k3k 16wsf ;skrxn/c;kjacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out s :sa )o/.nlk *gka)0wymy*0ptxy4h qbefore a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an E0kopah 4 s ks0nwymy)g:.x)tq* */ylaIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capk kzzsr/ w .op a(au35bmkx 2;jujd(*/ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in w4u gwj fhq9*qt xe7,8lhich the factor is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainag7*jt,h4 qeq9uwflx 8bility.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to incre(t1)5g9fyytc bjat 3 q 2,lvtoase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capnj;ulqt 3z( /r*k0y9*qabw jk ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not /bkuig- hxipp h-rxb:q)*g*8considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from oesh*xeg 9:wxn6grywgo/1 c -:v9g w0t utdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of mevish :pu48+xn s:b*a sasuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant i6 jgerg;xrm16n Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Tgr1gj 6xrm ;e6housands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and t4nuk fj8kqr5.ac t y1 g2e,e.qhe example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) zeuoq5*n r7q6:
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per cap(;ze4uy1 jx0f y :e jqj0z(uunita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at jd 29kdf lwbug-( ;3jl3r2vjiPalmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor posd ci9 kbhz2 +xg es n)bj5)-u15wo.rnllution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capijwy.o 8dvs84bta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.