Suggest which of the folj lq ,rc5cf9+vlowing might influence a person’s environmental value system9 5c ,jcqvfr+l:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficienc4l iqzgm ;+(ahy label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the fv+; ijos w *,0ffcf)ksollowing environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Teslafs o;)k*jv 0sifcfw,+ and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" v6q 7uquq,utjx68t urs03l h.




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist worldview:j6g rfna)b *x60twou.

  Figure: Systems model for developinz6j:6.bcn c,dha4rl,r2 vkwc g an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right kwb 55ls3:gkf*l lt6 pwhales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What-.hyafy yczs;88/y7k ue * enu is input and output?yhney a;7. 8eu-s 8z*/ yyufck

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘envirofg,*p v;e wt z x2ta+z7)h7xhvnmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an env iqo6kk4hq.+3l . vr)adzx( d*d(riufironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic valu. itqnw bmf1/(e.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closufh9pt d4 :s6qely associated with an anthropocentric env4d:sp6hftu q9 ironmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (20r/+sy y dwq -20ghyoo:18)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girlv2brmrfr + +i+, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world lea r+rmifrv ++2bders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat+-gkt 1qi:xeu hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list;w)heqij *s5tzoagly fe m 6 y013m9z7 of influential events that shaped our modern view of environmenta1i*3met9y5) 6z7 0zgwfmqj h;aos leylism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn suv7(x1 v hr/rjystems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system mazr-k1 i.bz jm.kes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for devel;v3shakf * d-.s)iucl* :* f:sbwm vxm4p0jhkoping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people nzo62vf pu. nez e.+t*n m:7bpunderstand complex workings. n* onbep 2fpnm6+ e:tz.. 7zuv
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatik. *.ap ,yksw .-qx,x*wkr.*xg ebt zoc food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a syste2 eg3r5+ mi q*zw*zztpms diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of tfj iqvts0x.1t 6 bsi3 1fn;:ithe carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value 40jl:s pq *neas2 44w)uerbxpsystem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the folldk4 dltf8qgla49 lz:g1 z8y2qowing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbot5k3db:ot b;a n cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram os 65 u+6gkv ossznh:i6f a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salhe.m dcwnp -h8y52xomw 539ny9 cku;ct marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree ws h54fgc)r8 tk:*vg l . what it Input ，Output ，Both input and outpus)4* h :wg5cgvtrlf 8kt？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformatioff pe6m(8my, cn.

  what is Positive feedback lo q57soezflb a9g5u(i wk )70hfops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an 2p 4 3h+ qubkboi.bfb/ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population den :lk/2k(2ahmwz+ hlol sities of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not c 5f:imb09c dzhorrectly paired with t9 0db5:h ifzmche example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilience and the 8.+vng ,ih pvxpj v4 s5zbdf(0ability to wivv h(s5 dp+p8xn g, vj4.b0zfithstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is 4 * -ae*ceqvu)v68 kv;zyj hohan example of a negative feedback mec;ye*6 hujqhe8vvc-4ao kz *)v hanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmentmp9vfw3sc 2m-s6a b0ial Impact Assessment (EIAs i a9cp2b6 mvw03msf-).

  In a small wooded area, trees are c,9dhs 2gm9lwz ut in rotation in different sections of the arhs2,l9dwg m9zea depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that ltjobs)ou*n2n- 3t7 w*j3hsmdoes not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecological:9nf 7x+s-0t,lppb m0cxbx st goods th xsmbt+ 0 -tpn cx0l:p9xb,f7sat can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capaci)btllqzh 5hb.w: 5)bc ty vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a ma ogbn ,2 k2ld8kp f.*v9w,eobljor construction 8kp w,v,.b92k2lelbg*fd n oo project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per caph-k4 p2y hiy3uita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is notzw 2/1 uw38d;q 17qgzdf yik urdf03ij correctly paired with how it affects sustainability. 02w riz87wfg3ijfd;z1q y1du/kdq3 u
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a h;0 wgen*bbud kl(;ais o1 +0fr;bpd3 way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per hm x;)3hg2h( os -mwufcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following abnbm5 ss4-eq)ke*k6 is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from 53bqj0ax.zl;)5b, ptfjq whu outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct mf j ixctax+.9sg+ +hz1ethod of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide vt7qoe. 1u9 dlplant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disa1de 7toqvul.9ster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not cor l /w-jsusszdc ,1;wt/rectly match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):fhn )l.f:)f fm
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per mg --4l n6i4xy9 cfwwz:wz2bccapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawatege5tug*.+sv 0go-y irr at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP pwovx- r 1/ iivco1e/66 qzfhq-er capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per c)m gc+qv.khwy.o -1vc8 zs q6gapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.