Suggest which of the following might influence a personvyeg v;l0 : ogboue2at ;,;h5u’s environmental value syyu;bgl;avhguo t20 eeo ;5 v:,stem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing machinenw+ b0 (f4yg jcm ,ul82nw/mcy


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value syste c ycvq 3+*/owvg45u+*sp(hs+ cxaa gams is most likely held by Ea++*ysvaau ocv(g*54/s cw3xchq+ p glon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Mar5d44wzq4w x.njmg 7 ejble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is di2+hvf 6i bg 9lja04ha priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for devea7xdu4gr -a 9gloping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atla+y/pf vmmj 65ontic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an envirnvx gfilk0t2l-.luoi e7 :c6 8onmental value system.What is input and outpu:c28kfll0x. t7e 6i ugol i-nvt?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental kgfzlf5 :; )r 5gnq-kwvalue system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developinb ngrq7-0ejyh3q)xo ) ensq2- g an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment havf.hoh q0 i0vfty6v7 * z7psd(s an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the ppd m +vb4ca wm:y44:y0)gbnj following statements is most closely associated with an an44y)ag4vb :cm d:wm+py0jnpbthropocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Cloals7ly1t i :+4 rtggu-ia n.)imate in Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke atq/5tzl v do49e the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking v z/5e4t9 ldqoit.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat jzmm(04q7pef hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern view ofqy1 eyei sjr 06:s;t0i environmentalism: 06eeyqyi 1i0 srj;s:t

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram th*mi(bpc+b,c cat is not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system msrdukns)67kh7 2b hr;akes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environtjt 6z y.z9qmdv(,s el,5t/a smental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality p,8stjy2 d z0nused to help people understand complexn0js,8p 2zydt workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatos;1ym7 k(rxigr pd 56ic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a s4nuz0o ryp(d3 ga9m, wystems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyclei1ma +8qpcguu(5 m/l f+,do ae




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental v 7d( fmh523uxjxy5f/ safv o*ualue system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the follodvdtrosu3 ruh 3(gk. 14f d/** y6hp*yhh e;cawing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the -6h (2d jaxf;psc2 jixk 7bq4icarbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of az2k a.2 lbj;* obyuw0r tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level risar6y3 lb(7zt ikv j+0)ol 1*mgyc h+jne on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram6k*cc xyyht+ v f 2ydebl-g3wfzl1,() of a tree . what it Input ，Output ，Both 2w,h ()y1lel+by*x k3cgcyzft-f6 vd input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformatwyhsylht9*/-6+u jlyion.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative fl b f3.z n;ifzx,vpv((b5hvu1eedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely4 b q *dh q-x(1szop9bq8vz3da to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its prey* dfymz1a :9jqz,t+mi h(hi(e




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about1ck z+ tcbsa3tf 1/yk( feedback is not correctly paired with the exampl+ fsb31/c1a(t zckykte?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession +j;35e ndqtgq:f kki1.rs7vg that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand chang kdiv.;t gq gj3kn17re qs+5f:es.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an exasr .,3 isoc.jjffu zo50s(),f ashu6xmple of a negative feedback mechaf,zoo.s(6ucfsf 0)ja .3 ss urjx 5i,hnism.

  State which of the followi* crckmjhedqk5x i4 2x)(l5n -ng is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Asses5krdcl5 e4j i*nh2kcx(mx )-qsment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cuo,i i3+rreun4ah rhyk *oy,w -; ,ns4nt in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is s3,,khnn4-yu + ii* ohwry,eno4;r ra20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define g 7 u*pcpqb-,wtl7 e8fsustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification ob dc(g,s 2fc3/c(yrcc f ecological goods that can produce natural capita(cc3ry ,2cds gb cc(f/l?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental cdl w.lyg8jwm72xg00z0 ww1ysqp +.bx apacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Imparw hhfbot63 zz2hm8hf;nbpxl738/k* ct Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline thek 2lo*nrb 73 8zt3hzwhxph6h/f; f8bm basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per cap ocjyl8amogn +qw42).ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly 8xp1xq o0g,k;mit6itpaired with how it affects sustainability.0mk1 x xp,ti6ogt8 iq;
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increases q-095u blyhr sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita f2ec 1et*x+8lm;ph c m$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollutavs2kjrs:y0 x 6pdez*2nt.

  Figure: Death rates fro;x mgy : geh4ccvm7lb)0l .9xim outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct met1t5r-mq3:cdnl73 z dep3uq sshod of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carb;w6b6c qi+ w3yddhl+ 5 jluxc/ide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaste l+qchdb xj;wiy6l/wd6+3c5 u r.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term m83b l0y28mm+96tx hjpw viihrz5fyb;xp4d0and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethad1a - fyx ox0cc,w0kyl*o/jz2ne (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitvl /h/nhw5*r v ,( :l2nltyjkua $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at/b:w yjrt-hy0 Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutu cs.(n)4tmg. i g+7yrp c.ikzion vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitamx7 7wiu ki0yj./xr6b $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.