Suggest which of the f-;b:xl xgdutpw i630iollowing might influence a person’s environmental value systemi:i;u0lx-dt p x6gbw3:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label fo v-mpu4c;(rglr (: soir a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most azsyuo.lu/p6e9 9 htoi (96 hllikely held by Elon Musk, the foundep 96utl az(hhse9i./uyl 96oor of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Mazpv6 z4s4. bv(mtb n+67 8bw llrhxpd0rble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist wve6+m7sd(qc)szm 69,kx jr2nvsz rw3orldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value *+(3wiohtqt b system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic r tueme/a 2:h5tight whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an 07b tfvj tsx8+t4hs.qoutput of an environmental value system.What is input and outvsj0b 4h8xf+ s7 tq.ttput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental j 9cxympp-r *o(w/s s+value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for de.. drmwwz)j4u veloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the ena .bf7labfs46 ;:ul myvironment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associatel1vby+ns0o )j d with an anthro+v1ny0sjl)b opocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowicgs.w: z*: i,nqvba5z zm2lc8,ppk7yge (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Ri,) dyc.s /n xemy ;ukqde37a)lo in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She ask lcysequ,d.a37kmyxd/e; ))n ed world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maat-sfdjc:hz89sb0 4rrqhai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern view 1.cm 5fn(rwoxss s06m7vo wh)of envirxw(honco0m sm .sf56sv)w 1r7onmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctlz8b:yb.nzsmt/2w(mt ,se 4n ay drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges thatg2u pn w6o/;oy a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for dev5)am ;z+ ejoq8i+csfyeloping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understand7pv/ rlm 4fl;a complex workin7maplf4v;/ rl gs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic fz8 a: h3b(,hisev* owfood chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about ;h/3qqnm2w lna systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified modi/.-e oh+m fz ip.fuidv1sg2m0z 4by 5el of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmentaqqu2+/e,eu 5 d 1znlbil value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of th0ifgc amu :9-de following is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon throunxv4-y9i 02t0ki pq vogh the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagramuljmxto,:sd; syn7s-c83 1rg of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the cih y4p5sju7 nqb/ u8) lf1.zlrarbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . whath9u0(d6w a cfqm1na0s;pd hu2 it Input ，Output ，Both input and o 2cd;afqu0 duh(6pa90whs1n m utput？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformatc s2ng6rl.tn 4ion.

  what is Positive feedback looh0w/m:tnn+1 7n nnpolps...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to hger .p 1 v5 43d hvsoe:q24bs+4mlzega tipping point.

  Figure: Population d(f;- 7xszi)ge;j govtensities of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the fol;d3 tkipa8 +nblowing options about feedback is not correctly paired with the exama3;p 8d +ibntkple?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is moa5rmj5xdmn0 6h pg)q3 fw.3azy2 z( qgst likely to show resilience and the ability to w zg xnaphwd qj 5fq m56g)r(am30zy3.2ithstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequen *olz(jz* obsx.,+dvnces is an example of a negative feedback mechanis* zodx+ zj vosb.n*(,lm.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmehs1mu 6wqxi2)(bk 9 awntal Impact Assessmq( s6 ww)x ik9hum1ba2ent (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in diffe 0pc4d6z*gtzirent sections of the area depending on the type of wood anzdc tp04z6*gid their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainab,nb4 ;ma/- kq*7r/ol c9 pgylwrbgnc+ility.

  Which of the following would not fall u3i9rv0myy z23 g4zx tnnder the classification of ecological goods that can pr3xz0m y yv 23r4zn9itgoduce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource consumption y/xbizu+p9ymt2; xr0




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact-3p/at (zr mjz Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertat 3r-zzaj(/mp ken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capit *-d9u cagc yz8mk9oj4a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in whil .pv2 ,pd2vsnub6t4b ch the factor is not correctly paired with how it affects susta,ubs 2b tln2pvdp4 .v6inability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor tf la4d/ k80war;6+kprty:knthat is not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita ii cgrre3xj0wg ((-0/me 3: yh-sgr bw $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the folla ;mo949 uwo7a /evqok1 fz8oiowing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoorsx4mwgtw(c w a/ 5gv5( pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method tha7 xp7qpduvp +.sk zii8v74ah+t is not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released c fvgiu99hs 5at/s o(qtv* :w.vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died (/co 9q.vsta59 wfs:gv *t hiuin the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term aa8 cvzq(2agj q7ej4h6nd the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethagba*,bq8qfpjc3 4we 1 v78nzine (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitas1 adw4odo16 i $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beach z5) dsjr0bk wp9i/e*b zhq0cg9:l -n t







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from our+osz9 i)dq80s k,7-k-fakd2f wbxz stdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitz(ahyz u, xz v630i8ukty7 odsv.-x y4a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.