Suggest which of the following might in(ypa))0 p yidxfluence a person’s environmental value sy i(pd)a ypxy0)stem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing t)/rn(di*-ge sj; i 8famh5g emachine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of thex4hx:8 ocw1tg- 3 kmeh5t ici1 following environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Sm g318i1-xhox:5t ckceiw th4 pace-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marmhxz ojg87aht/8 94w3 my)joj/ .jfadble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocvmngobjcy 2 8 p-x 5:*clw9(ngentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an encpfg,rc lj7((vironmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North -;n9san2 dy iiAtlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.What is input and7g(l x;6yms +:sfb aiq o f :g+xi(q7ba mlss6;yutput?

  Determine which is the best definition fo 6q5:zf vua58 nlqz/ozr ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for de ; f qr5b7dkij)l6ij*uveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment hal39 fkc9 r7u+yuvi h m:exz53hs an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated w +flenbr/hqsm2d 2**n ith an anthropocen*dfnsh/ l *+2eqrmb2 ntric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climateex px( f*s ).cjc5:vjp in Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit kcdtrwpc 16e+(uc jhk 2e1+(fin Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t knp+c1(ke 2cwkc 6rh+e( tdfj u1ow how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai u p z9y:hji(k+egp9e s09zz d3






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of v/,z-t+gy5t/ 7 : :c 8hfuymnhtvakb dinfluential events that shaped our modern view of envirymt z,tygc:vd58untv -:f/kh+ba7h/onmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctq x9yvbk(:a5xp 8gtia)qbsz9qh 79 :ply drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges ixwjw-l.n 67+6z ,avcm nl,ibthat a closed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for develo;lt-cm9mv)x.pwgn s3 gc l9+d ping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understandizmjt+8 f(yc jr+;ub 4 complex work b i;ujtz+(mc 8+4rjyfings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investig z0zyr. b1ydl1ating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems 1 rc2kr3fcwucsv(tn ddo(:c7 lca)/z3j +m8p diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified mo/f kz8w*9o)7mqi pwk hdel of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an envirofk iinbb4 f;zy i1-d2*nmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a ())wbq5 mmi7ijqk qs- systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the car 9vxa. 4ulp;t0tze-k ybon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram o( 35nebpil8 /ry z/jcmf a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea lev0*3r*emaitdz el rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . c8hnz1zg7h/fys.bt rl;u f-6 what it Input ，Output ，Both inptg8.fl7r shf;n 6 -1uzz/cbyh ut and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the fm-f3 c 2ke gusut0lw9h5 zm2e7ollowing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loo 9p6bthqku+yd,8:o68 afgohd ps...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a t:av:e 7uslv97tcmx dc.;6 z siipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a ps / gb;t;qj3/k8gcnhin irwr/ink7./ redator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the fol(a+j(2d9xf h4 fp6 ydmnv4j* vd c)s9lmfge ,zlowing options about feedback is not correctly paired withjxj 49ap2mdf(*f)+ 4c s,yvf 6lvdg dhzme (9n the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to:fp2+we h1nwp show resilience and the ability pp wf2+:w ehn1to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative f 8lly5: 3zu9whiu yqu ,xdo-j*eedback mechanism58,j9u-lu o:yiyz 3*ul dhqwx .

  State which of the folloy y+tog3: bd:dwing is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA):d+:ygod3yt b.

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections o( ui*f:a p(9ko kvdq*hf the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yiikphquao(( * vk9:f* deld.

  Identify the aspect that does not0,rlgg6 l.gzi5xh* 7oyy mg6l define sustainability.

  Which of the following would 7i 9gh *gzp(cxnot fall under the classification of ecological goopg9 7 cxg(ih*zds that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. res6h e1z7 a8d5i5 5wgq b tqac,zdm;g1osource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a/ yi9yun ;as tytt5(p7 major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an Enty sp(ta95uy it7/ ;yIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita 11u)(/y qewmeg lszm1 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how it affsm4u)2)r ; ate wfud4q-a 9,mehek7cu ects su;fk4 )2uu9e4 r,a c-mmsdu)e7haew t qstainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to incr3 irxgdb65kwfls kc c78)l9w8 ease sustainability.

  Figure: Average per ca ,g,rfxgbrlwxsst x5 d)f0/* .pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollutanpvw *bg9s-nh 9ux*mzj2s8xfs/vryfr q2. 3q3t.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoobo*j 3vjrhc 1q/5ww; mr pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method g , h46zduu 6)m8gp ejsja;iw:that is not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopalfdu6vf5u me 9 :sd((cq, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days 59svum udcq:dfe6 ( f(after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the example. y3t+0us1ibpe-o u u :d
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanp3mp/m c7 a4ike (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capi l4l .)g /hewqk*;qgbqta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zincefj5k9to 9l. b in seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from o43v yx*sfrgu 7-axx6outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per cajpza q kgeh,+x9d57,xpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.