Suggest which of the fosyddl )npl8q2 hs7 zh;v/;*eh llowing might influence a person’s environmental value system: lhs* s;n82;)h vdzql /y7edhp

  igure: Sample EU energy efficien-udglt *n6 z y*t,mex 0w)hg(mcy label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value syste 7eyp:u7.b gh.2c3abq;os zii ms is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Teslh.. ipz7 qcobs7abyi e23g :u;a and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblxjj5oc*+qdr p,.ca0 ne"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a tech4 h4 gd;afyf4f-o x3 o((cbrjwnocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model fo4qync ex s 7r*nj65k r-g2vvvhh43a8ar developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right wh4 8gi h2yj hrjn99nzl*ales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output ofq4 3ek , srks/4vt:7aqnhh+te an environmental value system.What is input and otseeksq r7,4/ 3a4+qht :hvknutput?

  Determine which is the be bh:yhjo0i9l/st definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing s,o+:;bp vdqwmpqwgx;d6/ *gan environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environmentno0) z(qdnrjx+ x/v19c txdd kt.0lm, has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statezsz3ex4zsl1 5+wc q( qments is most closely associated with an anthropoqszz5e1qx3+l(zw 4c s centric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate bh.n h87n yfw0in Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Sevs*.;v1i lnvq fern Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you do;iv lv1 fqns*.n’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathaiets+v(u,c5kt5 j u 8xs






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list ;(;flrj1htg0(alzpbubh3c + of influential events that shaped our modern view of fhpu(+1abl z0g3 ;(bt;lhjrc environmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a corred m,cc/kmqutc3,,h vytlb+:.ctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the environment ogpb)/ jk(ysp/-(z cu.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model f64 ;zng jufwl)or developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality 0+iu0gx* 5d6 aexco 3i3mrbqbused to help people understand complex workings. gix +c0mu*03q 6d5 x3riaebbo
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigatif6c(5a u80lw*2zrj k,apg orx ng an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement abou -2dc7k5uf0jc+bfyq b t a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplifiedgkibg 1 r9 d*4d(xik cbl2gci06n 5jh+ model of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental vv:q / m5 uzfi3o8v2g3tzbyke qup31y,alue system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a sywnm*b(jbhs. s72h f7+dtpii 5stems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carb-xued78r.* u/q qsdi* x yol6pon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree7r -5+ zdp;u4xa9izxxwi (;9lp qbjfj

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsmuu/ (qfo0 qhz0(+*o/t-ky ;czcpvukh + g ae9h





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output , fz:-hg2ud,vjak;a njj0rlr8w , o8r ，Both inputv ,lj gjw,,aakfz:ndrr8 82ur;0 ojh- and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the foll jix 6.meaa5scm ) s.zknag)j-(;6v vfowing is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedbt/ , zg7hw4bneack loops...?

  State which of the follo gey ;i )tn vr5yg39y57 oz+se* xn4sc9oipqs5wing is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its prey+() qwk*mrfipg9a6y y




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the folp*v6d ,s1id ugk:6fpflowing options about feedback is not correctly paired with the example?p,6dgpffk s v 1d:u6i*

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in successioa cq-/zfs3yu 4n that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstaf a/cqyzs 3u4-nd changes.

  Determine which of the following sequetlz qjq1 jmnep cb*8z( fb-nl(h4i 6;5suc9 q8nces is an example of a negative feedback mechani* 6e8q(-p cqn5bnzjt1cf ;s98(q u4 imhbllj zsm.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmenta/zlwlf*ok*qt :5as l,l Impact Assessment (t/l w:a 5llkq ,osz**fEIA).

  In a small wooded area, to.vz )4v. ,1pxyiksjerees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yielej kv4s),z.oyxp i .1vd.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabilk *6 iv1u-t1hefd(fzdity.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classificat rt/gf2v1 f fq/j/utdkie*a +)ion of ecological goods that can produifkd )1a/2tjgr*t ev //+uff qce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resoutf1u y3(zl 9-6lwbildrce consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried oz vaow a;2dda .xkj5da211v h3ut before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure oa jaowv .5d3hv1 1z;d2 adxka2f an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita ap:hs7e.p od/ $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor+t ci9p 1 eevl-2jr7lg is not correctly paired with how it affects sustainabili vel9+cjrg-t71 ilp 2ety.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor thfi vp8u tl842fat is not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per k lcnfq,:gz mh+4l0j.fc;5dy capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following bsm9a/.6j3jf -a0 wtgfeus(- h+faay is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP perk,6ek6;2q iixixa 85kpb br .j capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that idn*zw 8+tp ej/etl((es not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast ae(s xps33lno7mounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days afteo7s3 ex3 (slnpr the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the efxo)q fta0o-4phj/*vxample.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are tgzof/ pkt57 amt /9;s-jbh.ttrue about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita moqo/po9pl r0. 7rvekfm+- -p $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira /t ,vv 8*tgwdofj (j-b5z lq(b9/4fbvmgh dv.Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoohvtta+hrr9s*cfx0,*u;k g chjq)l*, .ux4 n wr pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capifxhaxy ;9je;g 2a9zk)ah 5-fo ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.