Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s envi2ku;bh.o pl3k:y; vvk ronmental value sys3 k bhpvk k2ul;yo.:v;tem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency *cr9p r.cf7 yclabel for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental vah ,8iau3wz,mpb2t: rpe/nf4k c-r/ ailue systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spacea,3 :n h/uk/m4pr2 z r-,8pcaifitwb e-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marblepzp mm,-vp7f a)ed)qdk ,u (e("




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentris(v txs0h5 lw8vxb jnbyu2*10st worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value nn;ucfg4h3 9w .qh6 mgsystem


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right 75qcxl54f:xan sm x*g whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value syst/u*,qtw znj(n1hd im+em.What is input and ouhutn /z+qd1jwm , n(i*tput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmentalerwr 1f//:sed a e85lu,zi5um value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmenmk slraqmd 83cg8-(q -tal value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that tz:jy/y 9 j x5dot.9mtvhe environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following sta:/q(vbzn9rwp4 hud41vqc 9s atements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value sys4q: prcvb9 d4 qav z/(uwhs19ntem.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in +.ll rrht-;k4z 4w beoKatowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke ti d p 3.izo1jn)ton8+5-nlr kat the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leadertjn) plok8rn- t5+ i3izon d.1s to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathafmimzwnth2 +p f7zbz-3(s 7k- i






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our mod 1w5m9eqwv0fyern view of envm9we 0yf1v 5wqironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drapduk jbo8 s n-q,pgx6b*h,w;(fyq 2-pwn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with twenj *; u/h(gmcx2vm0he environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value w qo9.xqg/l+ (dirt(tsystem



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of realkl 3weti95pm3b+ t9o *-c9 4vt dxlwwbity used to help people understand complex workic9 3 tmdb+ 9 xe bp*k4w5ti39ltvww-olngs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic 01xmtt1+l qojn j4/ek)3jzpz food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about asq( x 3tgs 7k1 w7u9pey6u/xvp systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of thyrfy. k,bvfhclpo3v7vz r*(g-c 3n9ty )e - o9e carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an v h fn5c+1p6qsenvironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems diagram jvs9f-:n 2yp m0krl+v?

  Figure: Movement of carbon thrym*u5* l ,ytg7 uxc+bzough the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tr :f*u:nle2wp:xne d :tee

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a sj.h e r3/j59njgyd poh6x4,jwalt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagib :r zy8q :ygq,1ysg*ram of a tree . what it Input ，Output ，Both inputy8yq1,yr:sgiq: gz*b and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transformation.wac)x:(,vp hbwc)q 1j*snt(6w3t cic

  what is Positive feedback loops...a hu)p(qt xae:c4f6y,;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecoj:mj s7g.9g qzsystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predato;qxn89pkb w7diq0j i, r and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following opt)1xs3 py4o brxw9ng l2x9iqd 1ions about feedback is not correctly paired with the ex)99d2siqx x l ngp ybxwr13o41ample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in skcgkmr151ya1cj5*k:qcp9 xu uz* kn (uccession that is most likely to show resilience and the kku * (mzk51nugk1*r j51:yx9a cqccpability to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following s x u7ghppp9r,ajc04a0 equences is an example of a negative feedback mechanisa0jxa hp0c,7upgp 49rm.

  State which of the follow g5,qxm:h-qaking is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessment (Eq,:kmag -x 5hqIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees pkqk, :y,z egi35dp (4xhvjx7are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the followi(57x4 ey3dkpij,qvzx:g, kh png year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect thh lyom-;;h6jcmyf 30) 9memkjat does not define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classp xntdk 7m0)y1ification of ecological goods that can tp0 )yn17xdmk produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource con4kiaw u;wlok0bpweg* f*x/z 71b i6y6sumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmentazgmvw z7mgg:q675 r*zl Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major constructi77mv*rw gz q:mzggz5 6on project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitadzf onc 2d y2p17ahrn92pugl 1j s2;i0 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly pa,,jts*h/3s by ta x8tnired with how it affects susttxta , 38h,/ b*syntsjainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustaiit r5wcb-i4+bl htp15nability.

  Figure: Average per capii+ax* t.gdsn 9ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considerew3m.c/dau bt)d a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates f t t 7;sxlzi8l3c-(czhrom outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring p5-xj:c8 aqq ; . ucy9i,vwev+ fgbgx7wollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, reles:eqk+9 z-xx9noaa0dk erxo6 /jc o:2ased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the fi9xno0r: q okkx+c-d / azxj69e2soe:arst few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the ex8-ro /6pdx u5ysbl o.uample.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements thati9h*d1osiag1xj - x) h are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capiv.d7n b ed.dc3mw/ jd8ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seaaqck44 ++cqw3wr,uqn (6 rcd xwater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capits4za3s.s )xwp a 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per ca( xgbp-pt)8a *-bwdq npita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.