Suggest which of the following might uiozb6m2. m. r o)nndx*+-kotinfluence a person’s environmental value systemnu.nm ) bdoz-2.6+o mkt* xoir:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficien-+qs)umjz7kbdmz) t+q4/xr)yrl 8 o x cy label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the folloimmso7 (xir vb3.,; wkwing environmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spacemkmb7 vx;r3 i.(o,swi-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marbl- bm shfn*mm71k7,b wk7k pl:ye"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a prio) mrownf9/g-d/.+swvtqn y*0 * vkaofrity in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value syett-8a30q1nop6e r4putaq i b xa )q0;stem


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right whales w of7odg( afl6r7fi87


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmentalh.humb yrs *htg n31 nh09/i-f value system.What is input and oh. 3 s*9ntfg0h/rmbi n1hhy-uutput?

  Determine which is the besm h3f:2vgly +ct definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an envirob4rd 32 cabrsp5q:v8 onmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that tfcxgt fy* ,xd4f+ -+pwhe environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following state4 c vhmad/xzi l2ns74+ments is most closely associated with an anthropocentric zv+a /ndlc4s hmx7i42environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (24u6jnm qjcj1ih e20xto5:nc) em* r+t018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severt79 2ezcmqs;b n Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from z;7 9 m2cebstqaround the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai apm3is8f*m ;y






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped ,ox 5da1t:m+ u39a +.vveoybda4ngbz our modern view of environmenta3o9atu:1, ebov d.+dnb vz5 +g4ya amxlism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correc r6v6hmx2rug13k4d3dccu sci ryj988tly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system obv l2.sr 7:if7yvu9b makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for da7q1zjha:3 /u l+v:;zcik l gweveloping an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help peoplc 4 yh5b4gese4dvv 6a(e understand complex wogdyh e vv4c5446eabs( rkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic eykrn+7 ) ,/qla ybolwx/5ck4food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems 3utr7a5lh:)ge9o qezy zf90fdiagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycltehchfe0 2v4 :e




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developinqt-qc. wx6kj*ht2 wwaod* 19kg an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a system(d0sd3x9 fj vns diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon trnpn;,sa5* vihrough the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram ofdm+y9 ahs:x *edvz8 e2ln3h/q a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestj o2 mck/dcxsa.u/6w h d)/c9uration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output q,hpb8klk 8)i vjy0d6c: sn*z ，Both inpus c lbid p kyv8q0)*j,kh8nz6:t and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transforma, v*zqg2 vrjuib qwuq-.w1,f7 tion.

  what is Positive feedback lfn w2i8t rp3n9v h5po,oops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping pointh+qig ;s ;zy*a.

  Figure: Population densiti,l 1wg /odre/bes of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options ab b 3.z9 z8-gaw4txvysjvv6( tpout feedback is not correctly paired wit9 .p -sgw8vvzyzv64b ttj(ax 3h the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succem gi*.jf y7.wzssion that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand chjfi.*y gm 7z.wanges.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative f mq)12nia9tpho4m p n9eedback mechan1tpp ani9 q294m onm)hism.

  State which of the ff4sig/h5jbu0vc/ d -z ollowing is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessbji4 cz//-5dh g0uf vsment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees , pb-e muae.;wbs5lu2 are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is lw,pbu52 a.e-s mub;e 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define1nh zm gh38 b69oyo;qs sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classificatioy8f.(25f)jm lkt cy b mrm63fvo0-xa nn of ecological goods that can prm)xmyfo5nyt 2 0.6k b vcmfl ra38j-f(oduce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity5gl)zz,lqiius )tnpc00c8.dbo6u u+ vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact:q/ cg6fhp)qkj*0 hnf Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline the basjp 6q/c gq:h*hn0)kffic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per ch4 :fnz/ax )jsapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how:zq*e 6sq9meicn3x+ kcm;7qr it affects sustai nee 7c3s xq:+zcmm; riqk96*qnability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that mjl mwv+;g1*vejm l79 is not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capitbc119, i vhz4y3, z evakzmqn6a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered3n*r mcpf z35r a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdo5f18r b5tw:ee cz.8dplh*g2h txzm*mor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method o:3x9ti 9hr3o z7cbth q jit53of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant inh/l 4yopnf+u) Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after t)pfyuhlo n/ +4he disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the ter.+oi 01de n,fhq;vr :l loo1ogm and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichloroduh2d;ea x;1mdiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capitaa+doos)hehy x,4 2n/5yvcrl 6 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seaw+x2 ) 72pnhnzu;yx.ypn2ynma ater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capit6maux5/ 2pjb:1o v fenmq o3w(a 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita z bpjtctor( l;o u ,u9/(:z1bb$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.