Suggest which of the following might influenc. c )dbdj n 4 7ke0v-cm)62uzn*ugvyale a person’s environmental value syst)0yub. nc7-k)nz6gujldm4a 2 vc*dve em:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficienc /n7e4)pu .-b28dlxc bwq fbuiy label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental varm6 , cr0gq,aalue systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the found cr,rqg6 ma,a0er of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Mabu-ha ,uu l-s:p )ssv3c6h sx-rble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a techk*ar4g yhhfe s ,+uk83nocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an envirv)ke uu cd 7:y0+uw:w1ehj(rxonmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic ri,,dptx nq3 en)z 9yl+xra pz(4ght whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.Wct ;c4ofid4 w+hat is input and outpu4cw c 4oif+td;t?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).,xi-2 ay d uoo;k*8 v4hp7thqf

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value dopcy5 r:: s71 tv27f5cbggce9ptr 1 msystem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic val*(bt rmmizvo/n 8o.wb 7-6xylue.

  Identify which of the following statements is mol ;,)m,ntsp:x s 1yyso )4jask7g- rgtst closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value sysplgsa;-x),o y4 t1 ,g7j)s:mykt rsn stem.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate vzkn*,q vx)2t-67h uww u9ck.)g rxosin Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Sblm))qqp 6v -v4zgg, qummit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about g4)vv6m-qg qqb ),zplfrom around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathav 2 ; pcm83)qxchy*lori






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of in(sxrl*:3 cqt ffluential events that shaped our modern view of environmentali qr(s3lcx:t*fsm:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn systems i hb *arimr,ak*(5pj(

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes o43)6 v:dswrfnzd(q4o u9niv lo5z;jwith the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value sysu vt6(w vnck:lagii+ h b2,1q0tem



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of realisgi-r61dnez)g i7) ouh w5kgm,jma8n1 8qpn-ty used to help people understand complex wo -)n m78 1q-kze ii)gdnpj8 51smw 6oanh,rgugrkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic fu- bfw 1e 3 )eoa4s-o8tkte8tjood chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about p :kir2u4c8yb)wfp6z a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of twl:; o)v ,ubjz5v8pfpk(( tf0u9wdjbhe carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an env6lftq+ur 2vvb v1o/x .ironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the follob044poqrp sitn7 ejgnw k0t: .zi+;( swing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the carbon cycle+ldbw r;mq v /gw+p5,n





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagra8k *z3pczctj3m of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh*rgug l(;bul-r). kkj7m , oyk





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output c- *, zi pdnot7o5qny+ ，Both input and outpodcpztqni+7* -o ,y5 nut？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of thsp6x n1s:1qlq/o)o kue following is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Neg 6i.w(dfggy s0ative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.6iek)u e7fa .;y2pzep

  Figure: Population densitieshi-;loh0c4 df of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedbac jc/;y e4 .ae89xhjucjk is not correctly paired with thej;aj4yx 8hce9/ jeuc. example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resi bhxihn)q un)cpl583.lience and the abi nu)x ql.h)bpc5 hin38lity to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative feedba9r1waawwpg7 2 +i/fdb ck mechan 9w+di /wa2frp1wag7b ism.

  State which of the follog mmuli4d1v).8j cl v*wing is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assevl8* jcl4i)1d gv.m umssment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of t)5senf 0vhsv8 o.6zxx he area depending on the type of wood and their grf)enhz .s6 v8xvs5 x0oowth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sust8lwc0y( q5eo eainability.

  Which of the following would not fall undertmkx1k weh,g+s0m o 6+y hc+6k the classification of ecological goods that eotkw,1k x+06 hykmm+ gch+6scan produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental 1fkwma; j nw+79qyqd -capacity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out beforroaqx cnf(.z3(ixj +3 e a major constru(33xnqarc(.of +zx j iction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per cap6z-no(qzfqzl1 l f5z1ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly pairey2/s/74bcxle c44ntn yaexk. -f-lra d with how it affects sustainabilitxy s. -4/e47ya t42b kcelnnf -xrc/aly.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabilit b4kx5bkee4 xr4qj .(d4sn (-pfu 6iqyy.

  Figure: Average per capit7t+ ffn o:p upwtlc9x l+:9o(na $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered qo/78eja/on)t5yle ga pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutoue fp3fg+0kzt. 2k9a(59aacp , vsbhion vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measuring pollut(pcozva08 74)r ytjljion.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methfi59r o)u7vv g(( q7nhi3sk juyl isocyanate gas intofu3 ( j)k rv97 viis75nqho(gu the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the exwdu2ecledqmwg2kj ce22. ,-) ample.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true +xu aw .t:9o b0zwks)6xpi8owabout Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capit9 od.kbatj -5ba $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira 66ihjfw7 1yk ywp85jmm ctbbz9 09ok;Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. G qcp v-m,0.gozovexg d +v+:.fDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita x3 (qvd+:;* uqdpm pbk$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.