Suggest which of the following might influence a 9v5o6h1pb dpk person’s environmental value system 591ph o6pvkbd:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a 2p wgo )vv ee/wg*v,0mwashing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value sysh+ fubyn :e+2stems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spyhs+ef n +2:buace-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" td;7 vyc/:pbv




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a tec1u*je0narc 9a + sn8iojy+: bfuet/:shnocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value syste )z+b zt7yzx;oj9ky+z m


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic r(rxz oqo t:pi7d cy6zq,7ruvxc28+7d ight whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an ous h+nu55-bo pvtput of an environmental value system.What is input and oo +5nu5pbs -vhutput?

  Determine which is the best definitpl;6dfd ) :c estp6fw78u6speion for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for deve; - l2bicob:dmloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment4nlwcaly4 )ey +e*9yu has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements vmy+wu 8q2 p 31gu:4ra ipp;zjis most closely associated with an anthromqyw:j;ap r34up8+ gp2iz 1v upocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice wmn1cmn (u:paj 3zhvv /7p ,z*igup*z-8;wi h(2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio s aei;t.l,i6dakh 6g, dp-g2bra dx++ in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, s,gdkxa. dahrslp6- ;2+gtia+ i6, bdetop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maatha.cw4jr) g2xce2 n nun9i






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern view o y 3xhxp(:bcgv97 q93ice ryu7f exe7yi h3x3 p:q7bcv9r c(y u9gnvironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a corplj mm:1 3w6rmrectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system ma7q ;htp4,8da m*hetsakes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmen8*iwat ug fb/4tal value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people 3c jfttm f(uur76;*bjunderstand complex 3b m7jtj;f*6 (tcruuf workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for inve/vp ;-paud2pfd d;.qq stigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a syb0+ywd;y0x 8 vb bhb+gstems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model l1 0j*iy(;v f1wfak;0koezt dof the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developjtl2 h 2,*wdbting an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of kdgqxbu: 1q+2a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carb7f*hln+zo5i, r6z j pwon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a treev2ryw,w7w j5:wi mrp,

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a 7wjp eas jhau/ *;)nw4salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input n7olpkm (b (k: ，Output ，p(o lk k:nb7(mBoth input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example q,o/u m e1dup3of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops.:2i(zt )7qxovdg94f:psb ir y..;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping poi z,/ *lh3la tiq-pum:vnt.

  Figure: Population densities of a predat hu4pjp +ubxn 8jl5s28fu )d7oor and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly pa2lur svb*nu2ji4(q z-ired with the example? 2n ub*irz4u2v( lsj-q

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to s(4+ek qg3f nmshow resilience and the ability to wm3k(fg+n4es qithstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences isiy7oee:b0p( c r:fu.bvng 62 g an example of a negative feedback me::g cbbn7go .(2 fru6yeve0i pchanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Envirqqd :b+v*dnpwxf3nu17 n,6m monmental Impact Assessment d,pm16xfqvun7bmw+* n3 dnq :(EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees ax1xhvp.((;xr 7fcc(ri(1 fftci o (iare cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the a(if(1(v(r (ir ox.ixxt ;cfhcc p7f1type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not*yff64 ov4+ b( x+rm4 in v4*lssealuy define sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under t 3lpgq, fy1/lzkj8r6hhe classification of ecological goods that can g8fj,l3rk zp1h6lqy/ produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource coe50yqt fdc b-1nsumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a majory rwt4u y siw)xx9,k5am/z4(v construction project is undertaken.vkaizms5y/uw y(t x)r9 4w4, x Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per cm.)xxxe:c0w nxo xc;;apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which thd5lriwc*j l 4r6kr7(we factor is not correctly paired with how it affects sus*7(icr r6llw k4r5wd jtainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase .lhj(j.le z l5sustainability.

  Figure: Average per avn5.wzo1i9x9 ix7:hk;r pjo capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pmdv h3b:ll64-.wi dqr ollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capiti-ydax 5p gvym78u /,ba 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that x09nj:0(de4 xt v npawis not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, ry) sc7vb /*xtqeleased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in theb) ct svy7/q*x first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the ter8dazfg a7z-:ym and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):ju 4k rcuqs v8-l7.5v8zj b4hf
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita r+scv2 4hqbb0 $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Pb .hy+p/nrs.ealmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019 ti .r* (.taybg




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita sy, i1u emj h-zdc+5t)f/ qvb 7:tlge7h to5r*$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.