Suggest which of the following might influemstx5z2yc(tdh-ivma:r 9*i2 nce a person’s environmental value systec(dh t2vim9zm x5 -2r:y sait*m:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing ma9v )bu2 f h9 4l* aid(dqspocr9wjg)n*chine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is m5uvyn 0 osuk0 a-5ft6sost likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-Xu -k6vtyonfa 05s0u5 s.

  Figure: "The Blue Marbl1fy):kwfh3 g te"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrisv hs)rdfv*4t3 t worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for dne8cf.. i,8t c b8zzv9bgz1hl qv*u 4qup4(jveveloping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about*qluq9rw ,mh : North Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental valus1 h vvy4*bq/hw f)ox/e system.What is input and outpvfsx 1h/)/h*4 yoqwv but?

  Determine which is the best definitie f(jpr t4jpcck0(m3lso0 c,)on for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing aw raoxl*gue ,8z)f *z6b /ef3ln environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that tzww411aifvo +si /* kghe environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated with an a imo06 1(oghu7p-0pb /bkeg tanthropocentric environmental vagim(kp-e0b pogb/h6 auo 701t lue system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Kato)9 spbb: j)yl *:g tnjwsh7m;hwice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at th7e0xd;oxh k )(tbhr7o f4oq* se Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you do t4;o de7 sfok()h0rox 7hxq*bn’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathaib)p/2)u-9w tbwr: ysc-znnk- k my+ft






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following lbhuo o)ikb-mrf4 8.-(+idrmk ist of influential events that shaped our modern view of environm(4-m+). oub-ibhkmodf rr8 k ientalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctlyxueyvtz a- ,1ktoqa0m5 1qb fug3+0l ) drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with ul (hdgd,4g4sthe environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing anti+lxgrg,-hhqf lg2 u9ie 6, 9v)vh88c gp*mk environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality use .izxc2w0 4ov s*7m2 -hshzgzid to help people understand complex w-7 sh* o2wsg2z4zm 0zh.vx ciiorkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for ceg on,arwaxp: ,4uqqzr/ :31investigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagramsy)t)ovnn q;v 2qa*u q e,t+b,(+piul that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycleq(cyh l 4252 wu s5bls5hup/pv




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for d5d-cavac1pr6 .szi 8t eveloping an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the followgy(tfnm5 +5 p9i.mof uing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of 2r4ozdx-4 ;nem5pvkjs6eyqtxv 6x32carbon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a2ftnkycq ab );c 4e*r, tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rity .r:;aras;wi ):4tkat x5fc se on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree dydjk2e, u0v4 +tsx+e. what it Input ，Output ，B0,e +dx ev+jk d4suyt2oth input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of trlm pna1ys24 xj9 ptr l yp1+9gl,3vga,ansformation.

  what is Positive feedback loopvers5s0* ,d4svuf1c ps...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tippindqp6/ 71rf lfut -1mwsg point.

  Figure: Population densities of a preda o8nu0:haeq+cad0 e)m5*drr v tor and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly paiues- lo t7 j3kqn:)wk-red with the ex -)nuosk l-k3 e:j7twqample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession th jjpx hbi7x /upq(7x7,at is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withstand changes/(xx7 ,xjpi h7p7 bqju.

  Determine which of the following sequences is as1hfbn3jf64sx i2 0ojn example of a negative feedback mecha64 jffh2b 0o1j3xsni snism.

  State which of the fqm8w92gr(jd n ollowing is not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessmentn8g(jq md2r w9 (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, tr 7s7xe: ler ht-n,is9iees are cut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and ,nrexet 9s i-s7lh:7i the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does oci*bv4nh x gr)kus7g +j3 - ,xsx-kv4not define sustainability.

  Which of the following wouldpo f.qoj,0jje q(1 0ig not fall under the classification of ecological goods that can produce npgj ,o10j f.qq(oi ej0atural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource /hc.qeen0 i ;s+00oivic+peg consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assepbw 14 b h y5bobp zo-2m)x3n5r5iyx-issment) is usually carried out before a major cons-bhb-ib 1 5ym w 5pxo)ni 53zxyo4b2rptruction project is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per c1 p99bg,1kbqkvmswf/41q cbqapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctly paired with how1.dhllbx, zh,m w0v9p it affe mp lb,x 109zh.,dhvlwcts sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is n tyg p77 mxx37ramg3)mh*ki; bot a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per m4i b/exer11 tcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered *o)9 e, q8s2zqdikate b;rqn, a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP pelv h6st 08aa ub1hh, w-g*6mzwr capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is notn4eyt 7jtb/jy;t9:ox -l7 6g6dmfgf y a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bho u: 62mwfq.wci-dc h1opal, India, released vast amounts of methyl iu.wd w2hofmc i c-q61:socyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctlyeipr:8jx bhm7 j 9xtpu 6j5;b* match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTyfajll m8*z -y /*t3e2hagwf0p lnk18):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capita t ol:o u;a vt/ g.-ynhrbi-;8m$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zincazc90q+m z k,r in seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from out*vhup u*24 ugwog-p q7yrh5x .door pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per c, 0k7dm6grq.d aqxqerz 6ov8no* x)1aapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.