Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental va0w bjzy/ d ab2 )i)g-uggoi5v/l. qwd(lue systegi-zb/g)2i(uq0wlwo5)j. d/ gb ya vdm:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency labey a6 b:m8knqa129 ogztl for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems i v8z 5 v2z1q nonvvgx9t4wqa;7s most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Spazaz q2 wvovg n 8n5xvtq9v;714ce-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marhsp9g( ehp8hzn*:j/ dble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocen)fhtj tq ;8 nd6-adz+/yak;jn trist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an enqyw6i3j qhw9/vironmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic ri3a8aap glgn,wk 4 +1rlght whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value 5uq: xxr rt5awbf0v4:v6xojm 51tho -system.What is input and outpuwv-5 txo 1 turrjbfx6 xh05: :5m4oaqvt?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental t2fw(5jvh dloug :r0. value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an enehegja()fe ;*c1d e7xybmw u7s*-w/mcnr1m3 vironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environmt9 .lzs2idj9kent has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most cl,g s,qs.w se0cosely associated with an anthrop, sg0c,swq.es ocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2018yy .+m sdj0ky:)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Ea 0zfz2c2kuo4a6 h5e yebk(5 lgwy0t4vrth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to chabcyvkty f2ew0ug06h4 oal5e5k4 zz(2nge their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maato xq8 4th3og-2h)j 5gsk(vx.tlj7i cy hai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influentialfzib /2 *ltk1c events that shaped our modern view of envirot/c zi2*1f klbnmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram th 8/wxrh mzo09mat is not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a clh+ a5(kp2kh voosed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developinjco3 ms )ol5h wd6p1d.g an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality v cjww2qeole7q9eem 8*;2y/ uused to help people understand complex workings89 wo/7vweeqjcm2;2ye u*le q .
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic food chayp u4e6.y h7a0o h.yjmin




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram that iiahvh.m tsi k5i)gl4 fc1 u+2;s true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carboy3lme0 dk9. t (y6vl0ps-c fztn cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developi 0qz*t 53mnpmgng an environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following 14w r +hfoi3zzis not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the hsul gr l3.vs5--xj/ d1bhtvj5d5 :y vcarbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram s7sq;tet 5.rz.u ypfny5p*r4of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a san yd:4h5h( ysmglyqp7(sol0-z( q3qslt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output 0;qn zx/mnbr ( ，Both input and outpz;0 (qmxbr/nn ut？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the followinyoh+ t01t(krpg is an example of transformation.

  what is Positive fex6vn yjg-d 3uy75mtd 8edback loops...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the followin( li*liqvp .)243k he2lllgvog is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities/g b-ku(kw 5e3oxrq 9r of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options abdf/t0q a:oxb0);gb ab 3*oztsf*7dxoout feedback is not correctly paired with s 3t0gf:b0a * d7/toxd*z bb o;xo)afqthe example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely toqo)u- s1en ;ag show resilience and the ability to withstand cha1u-e gn)q;soanges.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a nega8rj 7zjw pxezi;*3qx1w(6bm yy1.zqc tive feedback mechanisiex1qbr w q y6813z.(wz;7jcjmp* xzym.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmental Impb qb; : wn;mp9i-*bl+ jjo*9yxffxix;act Assessmij wnx;* x;-b+lbo9ipbqj* m:yfxf ;9 ent (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are c,mxc 0zru/5vdk q)n9uar 3c uj4ql-2n ut in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the ty3rc xu l9zna- 5vqdnm )k 4uc0r2u/qj,pe of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define,5sieac)pm .5 t9nvv mg9xh(y sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under+/: dqlt 4*8ueri/w drtv 0xcr the classification of ecological goods that can produce natural catiu wr+r 4dl8et:/*0vcq dxr/pital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. 2q06et a:yizsresource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental s,vijwkg sohiok 7r596p- *2c 3wmo-oImpact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project7ikwc-gm5* wohj69s kr-s o ,i2o ovp3 is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capitjge 67 vc.efh.2l8nnya $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not c1v6( ul 4ifqtcorrectly paired with how it affects u4l c1tfv6q(i sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase susta:oy rxk; gdaisvl 0304inability.

  Figure: Average per camso)/wj1 mm0r pita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not cobo03; rwjie/ +wx ere;nsidered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per cp1jt:o 5gudg 0apita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a4ld 0,4qzzkdl)g ) vhy direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide;t748prts bgs 8xn,vz plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousand 8bnx s4,7vpz tr8tgs;s of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctlygab.fl8j z pmr n spj:j 8pup4/w4.nb3)ef45s match the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that z zg f.i5 i)10wqjdwm2are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capif +d)m/dymvyk 5kyi-/ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beach5 gvyaihc8z )o5ai/.r







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor +tx)za1nmc 1m pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita kz-q9tp6 f i )h:x-o3fdw3 sov$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.