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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, ra3g7yru s/f8ece-ydm+dios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at eg yc8duy e-3/f7rsm+constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desu yot;vbf .)r:igned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morleyi.ic5;plx kv0vyc,, c concluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you usx dvv:4jd2g8b e the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlei oab(k, tpx fbpd9lh d*x:(mce;l 4-*.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rela,zvydwe/kr 3; tivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat0q2)z e7gvt0kaymlx7o 6n iz *ivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special thkur*d;,zh (p vw6d m:oeory of relativity was that the laws of phyd;*p(6hzmov: ,wk rdusics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativitynhu2rf p 57vwes) mvohe 4 -csas/565p.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relazumve+.inq m y)8xx y717ke6uc z2fx1tivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from thex3hj oowsz3 k4 mnu0fk/d )i4d;w 3fy3 Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wouksu); ond jw3k 4/3mdh30yoi 3 4fwxzfld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary x/7jk9ur q9k noly6q1q5+sw f observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defuups2*ay. -kp4yi ; jained as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very hight*tt n.avx0b , speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twinb . v,tt0a*ntx is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obkp4z*4yd d km9tm (/jp .-rdcpject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to itstq* 7u4hn ds (mhthtf. ;s(brp )tsj4gu d5:5u length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this os.)*dn(u ;4 huj47susqthm hrfbt(t dg5 : 5ptbject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to ig o vo7m98wnq d+f)h5.zvhmj)ts length with a velocity that approaches the velocivmf 87jnv5hd+)wom.oh gz9 q) ty of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches theyn ibh,a ;y y96 x;zogk:m3*eu speed of light, the mass of the particley6: yh*xb,euz kmno;yi ;39ga

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle aj3m-p fyxxu69uu0a a :pproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partuy3 a :uaf6xj0-x upm9icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speeh5 0fpd+jex2ed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this meade+5 jfe 0hp2xsurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativf d5qq 74z/m8xc/hqb sistic mass doublq4z/qcm h57b/s8f qxdes?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the totarg4y jz)slrm:qb *n,u0 3u 3isl relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisti * q0 y)ur3bzmni4ssr,lg3ju :c mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass pcg mc859:xn.0ta 7psmbogln7b+( q q$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. iez +wvgquj38dcyy /a 1c6y99 Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for t/ dciv ya61z uyy8c39qejg9+w his velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of r:kg6kzww,b,3j,ozbah/,*pakx b z n(eference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observ+ me-kc3jpxh t /5+otme

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, re2q0b7 2 ki4jyxcq7)bh+ah+zj* x wxgylative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 g qwa h2k+qcyx h4)xyb02ib 77z*+jjxm/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the in)ho6yp ccs;yhylg :y4i, 0yeph, 6*shore, does it move in a river thatc46h;*ycy: iy eo)glhp i0ys6 , hpn,y is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shjj os /k);m0 k/but/avore, does it mojkjv;m//)oat/k 0bs uve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clb /b. i, go5n ah(a4k n52y694a(yopqylphluf ock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal raabnp5i6b4(yo (n.pl,g l 5oa4 2fquh/yh ay k9te?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet ;tcmjsk/ mo21tnhj b 5s:) 7tiand returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed okmst j jbsc):;t 7mn2i1th5 o/f the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney5bn. sna8imt/ -dje,h ld37zq remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c fo3n /bi87le da.qmn dtz5 h-j,sr five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a g i pjfdy8:-2*ag4 iekspace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to t:28y pfdeiji*a k-gg4he Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 3 i-tftx 7+2aoo rwptc53.scs0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its 9ue2e9a s6jqy proper length (as observjee2sqa u96 y9ed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshipl6 vk6 (2i ywz+egej/l travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does itv/lyg2l e6e ( 6w+kzji appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lightn tgx*r7rlssv;z97 -m years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space sh m;zrl *n-rsstvg7x7 9ip travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i)ry2 d2lekxns/5;e zxs Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.85;/r 2x)k2zleednxsy00c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yea/yqco :.oqg( urs away. A spaceship with a constant y(q og.uqo/c: speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at,t6 ,nen-jnc10 wmx ga 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if ibo11)pcvr z* hb,6uoql 6b,c ats mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of y2z4 xgxly00m*,q/+t k cj rehwour spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incl z2kcxet/+0gy4 j mw*,h0rqxrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i/8e2sbwmzt , un $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an uy 59hr4 sdak8p;*p ;tbe,qlielement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releasef tt;/lmj9 p4rdy1gd5d if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiof;mj1 94 dyp5gd /tlrtn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy6e0g2cu g o+orjjrx5 4 equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peaqldh.vud88mvaz2 3 la65 hs)ople, helping to end World War II on3s alhha8v6lm .zdq)vuad258 the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speedg: nu5dp,z4gaausy, 1 of the progan1, :ypzu5gdu ,sa4ton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentny u6j00cko 1lum in 0cnlj1uyo 06k$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during* gy rt3ahe)v: a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which e gu85mc6:as, iwcp4a$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electrossrk1 9luv0 aacu5.h.n moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass fb /2-d samsoztc- a,-xv3/rctrom rest to a velocity-xttzvdscc 3o/r s -ab,-a/2m of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, lzpa+g7i w 52f mbz.:n$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what facto91r n8 obx(xplr+p3hq .ekp7zr has its mass increased with respect to its rest maspxk rxn9e7( z+r8h1. lopp 3bqs?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You mea7hm6v5c v)*k+ohzw+munp , emsure the speed of lightmm6w7,h v5ne vcko )h*+ uzp+m from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If ,. 8yd1 a drtnc:) +mhy x 10abi5.rjxaqdmfb1the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as m yfb .0.n ,m+b51qidrxyh axra j:18d1dat)cmeasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speedx1aj axd 9e)yl7v/6km o43s xg of 0.80c. How fast would light travemva )ax9ks 17dx x4gloy6j/3 el from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacewt ne,l f*b+-mship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What iwe,+fm l *n-tbs the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from thechl82dik9mma57k8/i0 fzppn8 7rovq Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward th 8v7 df kc8z2h7pqpni/0okli 8 5mmra9e Earth?

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