Three experiments are listed. 1p5ww1xfn-2o qf .fd,fk u2wvcy7 8 co

I. Photoelectric effect

II. Davisson-Germer experiment

III. Young’s double-slit experiment

Which of the experiments show the existence of the wave behavior of matter?

  In a vacuum chamber, electromagnetic radiat b,cj 921j8qdmvhet ,hion of frequencies $f_A$​<$f_B$​ just manage to produce a non-zero photocurrent from metals A and B respectively. When illuminated by an electromagnetic radiation of frequency $f$>$f_B$​, the stopping voltage for the photocurrents from plates A and B are recorded to be $V_A$​ and $V_B$​ respectively.
Which of the following is true about $V_A$​ and $V_B$​?

  Two lasers, A and B emit light of the same wavelength. If the intensity of A is greater than that of B, which of the following statements would be the correct interpretations of this situation using the wave and particle models of light.

  The graph below shows the graph of the maximum kinea)3 7jesw p7yek q3uj.tic energy ($E_k$​)of the emitted electrons against incident frequency ($f$) plotted by a student investigating the work function for a particular metal.

Which of the following can be used by the student to get an approximate value for the work function of the metal in question?

  Light from a sodium lamp ofx5 btdf-z7:m:cr bb; 09 txkpv wavelength is directed towards a metal surface and electrons until a stopping p9fxbx p;kcm-: trtvb5 :d0bz7 otential of $V_s$​ is applied. The wavelength of the incident light is halved. Which of the following corresponds to the new value of the required stopping potential?

  No electrons are emitted when metal pladqd;b d ayz/d/ h2io3.te X is irradiated by an electromagnetic radiation of wavelength λ, and intensity I. Which of the following could result in emission of photoelectr2/i.ad q;/hddz bdo3 yons?

I. Decreasing the wavelength λ of incident light.

II. Increasing the intensity of electromagnetic radiation at the same wavelength.

III. Replacing metal X, with a metal of smaller threshold frequency.

  1.Light falls on a phot7y2.u5y fzjtr oelectric surface with a threshold frequency of $5.2\times10^{14}\,Hz$.

State what is meant by photoelectric emission.
2.(1)Calculate the work function of the photoelectric surface in electronvolts. $ϕ$ =    $eV$
(2)The ammeter gives a reading when a violet light is used, while it reads zero when a red light with the same intensity is used. Explain this observation.
(3)The frequency of violet photons is $7.5\times10^{14}\,Hz$. Calculate the maximum speed of the emitted electrons.
3.On the axes below, sketch the variation of the photoelectric current with the potential difference for an incident frequency above the threshold frequency. Also label the stopping voltage $V_s$​. v =    $\times10^5\,ms^{-1}$

  1.A beam of electrons is incident onwjer2yu 3pcv4x um( 1c 8;*gqa an iron foil (Z=56) and electrons are diffracted. In the experiment, electrons have initial kinetic energy of 42 GeV. The first diffraction mi8ua(uem3 c xpj4cqgywv*21;r nimum is observed at an angle of $49^{\circ}C$ from the average position of most of the electrons detected.

(1)Calculate the density of the iron nucleus. $ρ$ =    $\times10^{17}\,kgm^{-3}$
(2)Using the diffraction information​ given, estimate the radius $r$ of the iron nucleus . r =    $\times10^{-15}\,m$
2.In another experiment, alpha particles are emitted towards iron foil with an initial kinetic energy of $125\,ke\,V$. Estimate the distance of the closest approach to the iron nucleus of the alpha particles. r =    $\times10^{-14}\,m$

  The photocurrents produced bynu2lkr1),3 bdhz8 bn d9vw 6xn illuminating a metal plate with yellow light beams of intensities 1kwdndrlu3,n bv z nbx8926)h $I_1$​ and $I_2$​ are $i_1$​ and $i_2$​ respectively. The corresponding stopping voltages are $V_1$​ and $V_2$​. Given that $I_1$​<$I_2$​ , which of the following statements is true about the photocurrents and the stopping voltages?

  1.De Broglie related the wavelength of a particle to o9l twmezq,z*n3 :ml3,c k1b eits momentum. State what is meanc9l zq3kme,we:mtl3o z*b, 1nt by matter waves.
2.(1)Show that the wavelength $λ$ of an electron of mass $m$ and kinetic energy $E$ can be found from
λ = $\frac{h}{\sqrt{2mE}}$
(2)Assuming that the magnitude of the energy of a given energy level of an atom is equal to the kinetic energy of the electron, show that the wavelength of the electron in the second energy level in a hydrogen atom is approximately $6.7\times10^{−10}\,m$. $λ$ =    $\times10^{-10}\,m$
(3)Use the wavelength from b(ii) to estimate the orbital radius of this electron. r =    $\times10^{-10}\,m$

  RRed and blue light beams of equal intensities illuminate a photosensitive p ;y lgu2rsg2oknkm, j*xv h8*6late and producejkm*ogkl2un6g *y;rs 2,8hvx photocurrents $I_R$​ and $I_B$​ respectively. The respective stopping voltages against the two photocurrents are $V_R$​ and $V_B$​.
Consider the following statements:
I. $I_R$​>$I_B$​
II. $V_R$​<$V_B$​
III. Photoelectrons with higher kinetic energy result in a higher current.
Which statements are correct?

  In a laboratory experiment,- dmxe9 *:n q0ssv*jfg $n$ moles of photons of wavelength $λ$ are normally incident every second per square meter on a solar sail. Which of the following expressions correctly states the photo-pressure on the solar sail, given that the photons are reflected elastically.

  Two photosensitive plates A an)j0l moama ,qh)5xkg/d B with threshold frequencies $f_A$​ and $f_B$​ are illuminated in a vacuum with an electromagnetic radiation of wavelength λ such that photoelectrons are emitted from both plates. The corresponding stopping voltages are recorded to be $V_A$​ and $V_B$​ respectively.
The ratio $\frac{V_B-V_A}{f_A​-f_B}$