Which of the following is corre1h)esoe drt:s er5c.,ct?

  10cm$^3$ of an aqueous solution of HCl with pH 1.0 is mixed with 990cm$^3$ of water. The pHpH of the formed solution is:HCl

Solid sodium carbonate re81.qsygrp n4r2 /dstzol,s-facts with excess nitric acid of 0.10 mol dm${-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$→$H_2O$(l)+$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.

2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.

3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 mol dm$^{-1}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.

4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Commercial vinegar contains a small percop 9wvnp(u *.uzy,a;i 7nwwux:wa 7:eentage of ethanoic acid. A student wishes to determin :9w, a*wu:nxa;z( 7.uu piwe7pwonyv e the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar. She titrates a solution of ethanoic acid against a standard solution of potassium hydroxide of concentration 8.0 ×10$^{-4}$mol dm$^{-3}$.The equation for the reaction is:
$CH_3COOH$(aq)+KOH(aq)→$CH_3COOK$(aq)+$H_2O$(l)
A volume of 25.0 cm$^3$ of vinegar was diluted with distilled water and made up to a volume of 250.0 cm$^3$ ina volumetric flask. A burette was filled with the diluted solution.
25.0 cm$^3$ of potassium hydroxide solution was added to a conical flask and three drops of phenolphthalein indicator added.
1.Ethanoic acid is considered a weak acid. Define the term ‘weak acid’.
2.The results of the titration are shown in the table below:
Trial is 1 ;Volume of Titre(cm$^3$) is 21.0
Trial is 2 ;Volume of Titre(cm$^3$) is 21.2
Trial is 3 ;Volume of Titre(cm$^3$) is 20.8
2.1.Using section 22 (Section 18- 2025 Syllabus) of the IB data booklet, identify the color at the endpoint,is  ----待选择----colorcolorless .
2.2.Calculate the concentration of dilute ethanoic acid.

2.3.Calculate the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar.
c=  ×($10^{-3}$)mold m$^{-3}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers in the 2025 syllabus.

  Potassium hydrogen phthalate or nwb:s+t jef b:6u2w (oKHP($C_8H_5O_4K$) is an acidic salt compound which is commonly used to standardize sodium hydroxide(NaOH) solutions. The reaction between KHP and NaOH is given below.

$KHC_8H_4O_4$ +NaOH → $KNaC_8H_4O_4$ + $H_2O$

1.Calculate the mass of KHP needed to prepare 25.00 cm$^{3}$ of 0.100mold m$^{-3}$ KHP solition
n=  g of KHP
2.Calculate the volume of 1.0mold $m^{-3}$ aqueous NaOH solution needed to prepare 50 $cm^{3}$ of 0.100mold m$^{-3}$ aqueous NaOH solution.
V=  $cm^3$

3.If 27.1cm$^{3}$ of the KHP solution prepared in (a) were needed to standardize 25.0cm$^{3}$ of the aqueous NaOH solution prepared in (b), calculate the exact concentration of the aqueous NaOH solution.

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction betm(p.;c5bo k8sz 3 cipeween sulphuric acid andp8ei;ocb.z 5k 3p m(sc copper (II) oxide.

2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.

3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.