What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same popzhjmf66sur5 x,z k-+ vulation of cellsrs6zhx5+uj, m6-kfzv?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding tg t1/o3+-fl 3-kyg-evf jmnvnhe formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved sponta k;q,)r7 b6ye njw;y0pzgad0kneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in lxgl o*y,3e8rv m:j8gb/xvqdjg 8 k2:absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that R(rt4p os mgb. .phd9a:zv7 f);n3 e9oxuhzpo;NA is believed to be the first gene(p)oe9 ;;udh7.: .hp tv9m gofrzxnszbpo 4 a3tic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus u k 9lv ;3i/kp6 lo9uu*p dbxto:5zpnr;sed in the experiments conducted by Miller and Urey. n6 i3 duov /:9ltpu9pbx*; zok5 klp;r


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th centu. i tlb8qjgb2o0)l-w7jgei/w ry, vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could oq.7twi g/e lgbl-j8i0b)j 2wonly be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last / 6 ae()dfw xqjvb(7lqd(na*wuniversal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at 7)q*x6e qalfn(/jw(d(bdw a vhydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s fgj g;rpv6-zt,amous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at 30°C. -j6gp;gt, zvr



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous+)ltb7 tp m8,oib rn1g experiments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing broth into various flbm )r18b+itn7t pgl,o asks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a livi3pw7x5ywgvu t0:akv jn8k) z 6ng cell which can carry out all the functi zvk7yp8n g3k:ta6jw5 xw) uv0ons of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.