What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same popula)3xi8o za tb.mf12vupb*c7dxtion of7o 8x u.3z t bxfdb)p2mcvi*a1 cells?

  Identify the correct row in the table regardic) cn9c+al3ht3 ae -6kff,l ncng the formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneousb(:l/+t ac1rsufax mev/p9ko22 0 ge w generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonm7n, hekh9 br8ly used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements ar.j 6ty9qxibea3-im k5 e reasons that RNA is believed to be the first k.jmxi3b 5yei tq9a-6 genetic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used inbw0 ml25eb 6st the experiments conducted by Miller abtwl b 265s0mend Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This thd0ipds n ia4i-0c(wy;hm .p n9eory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vitad-.ha;0nsywi9 ( i d4p0nmc ipl force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last universaljwh8 3u:x prg8rj n(jl z05b;q common ancestor (LUCA) u jlnjhbxw5zrj30rp :8 8;gq( could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experimeua jq56qjr 2j2.tu.lq ej0us7nt disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at 30°e.5j 2ul67jjrqaq stu.uq20 jC.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation g/qpxz0w, d3f4m/q nk were replicated by placing broth i/qnxqd4mwp3 k /f,gz 0nto various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic pr y-0byqpk,6yq otist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the functionsp q qby-ky6,0y of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.