Which part of the synovial joint envelopsvzk1- -*a0ph .bi ilfs the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which stru7.zcym /w +syhctures are labeled I and II ?7zhw./ysy + cm

  The diagram below shows x qav*v/ksq0-a synovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for synovia92s5 wgn7 hopyl joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere toxc-9k 7 skg en1u/3oeb :u3pga initiate the process of muscle contract 3eoa/1ekbgc37kx pg n9u:-suion?

  Which feature allows iapr2 i)wc68zlvu 0p* mnsects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump ve r)v 82p*iu0lzwcm6pa ry high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a rzt6:oc9l4l pjeason for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement oce 1m8ou l0odyk:/9cgf the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Austr.6n0riz 0qqv nalian shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum 8.yjgblthf mud)k x5j , u9e(,acanthospermum), a sessile organi9,d,kumy fx8 t5j)bueh.glj ( sm and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below representsm/i mr6o24b5wxng6nl two sarcomeres. Which structure shortens during muscinw4blxgmm 6/ 2no65rle contraction?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted qf acexc ) d4.ynp436kfor swimming?

  Which of the followidt m4 4mx+dzav*mobldk 92q7: ng statements relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move joints, giving an exa1gelq*q- +yrchi-:bk ,x,vw lmple.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true 4nr xg9d8w82z:xuwdp+ef rk 3for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sar+q1 sot4*ef 2:7gcie a wk2qnucolemma. 72wqs+ofi etu ca1: kg42qn e*

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct seolcp(e27 pz (squence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarchf)n0 +c /fi 0jzz r874)-grjiwwshjvbu/i* folemma.u-z/wzv ci)g) 0ff* fnh08ji rbi7 hjs rj/4+w

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.