What three processes can increase variation in a pohd rp)lfea1q 70 /nro(uaa8nnff4q /4pulation?

  Which of the following statement(s) are possible consequences z )w98 8rkn,p+rla trkto a polypeptide if a base,p8wrlk9ka)+rzn8 tr substitution mutation occurs?
I. A shorter polypeptide chain is translated
II. An altered polypeptide chain is translated
III. There is no change to the polypeptide sequence

  The DNA sequence shown has been taken from exon 1 oz57pm k,8y.okiz8 sy xf DNA within the human insulin gene. Which sequence corresponds to a deletion mutation in the sequenc .5ky zz8oks8mpix7y, e?

  What is a possible cause of :2/2ve2xoekn adp 5sua genetic mutation?

  In species that do notrzprb .1jmr* / carry out sexual reproduction, what is a possible cause of variati *b. r/zr1rjmpon?

  Shown below is the single base substiy6rf izelma7 :5r0h9ytution mutation that causes sickle cell anaemia 6hir9lrmae7y0: f5 zyin individuals who are homozygous for the allele. Which of the following is a result of this mutation?

  Which statement aboutu ,3hf9lr*p57 ni tbac mutations in germ and/or somatic cells is correct?

  This table is a short sect5dsxu5zxxp)ps 4jmffctg; .fez r1 s(9 8ff1) ion of the output from a DNA sequence database comparing the cytochrome C gene sequence in two species. What does sd f4xfmu5s fg zzs)p5t 1p).f(8rjfc91 ex;xit show?

  A population of plants with no resistance to herbivorewwqjf0y :iiw 781t .*e jiz(cqs may develop into a population of plants that secrete a compound toxic to herbivoreje7f:q0*wj z(iw.ycwq1 i it8 s. How could this change occur?

Different species of living organisms have different numbers of gen;/xlu qzshqm22 j8 p3+dnnb i/es characteristic to them. The table shows the estimated number of genes for fiqpi+/hn83/2;x qzd snmjlb u2ve species.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.

2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

1.Outline the outcomes of the Humanur .+ahopmvy 8 00 xytnk,,v8f Genome Project (HGP).

2.Variation sometimes refers to the differences between individuals of the same species. Describe the role of genes in variation.

3.The frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher in regions of the world where malaria is prevalent. Explain the cause of sickle cell anaemia and the correlation between the frequency of the sickle cell allele and the prevalence of malaria.

1.Describe how a mutatio6oqp/s 0n.r z8b)68yzwrp esn n may be a silent mutation.

2.Outline five causes of gene mutations.

3.Compare and contrast the consequences of mutations in somatic and germ cells.