Which term describes the splitting odsvh4 kx 4.jc1f water molecules in the presence of light to produce els.v41h dkx4 jcectrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosyrgpn 6 db.f:lj5sm :.xnthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigatingh1fvi8rf c m4 l/hf2r( the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this partic vh/cf18r fl4ih m(f2rular experiment?

  What does X represent8:x(y6(cwj xje vgh.g ?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the t(e e g 7cw;ri(/ruxtbae)b03light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-di0u(e7ri;c regb ex)(/awt3bt chlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the follf c2zom0v od*q la7.m3owing structures are found in the part of a* ldc73m qfo.ovz 02ma chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate tazssep;vx)0 q1y2+ hof photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intenlc) sx45dot1nwtj,lej(xxt8-2 jh1 d48p hz y sity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in th 2iwl50ay2tzz e Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows wc c6 mwg5n)cvr 4k5s2vhere chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and av5rc4svcgm5w) 6c k2 nerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant wir-+zlkczqm2 /th red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lq1 909w;zds/ aemwz 8w7ftapjight-dependent reactions for phtz0pzw9 9 ;8fma qaws dw1/7ejotosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes fn489adt5 yp gphotosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of6 edx uq ryw8+7,bgiw. photosynthesi 7.dgbr +yu8qx,eww 6is?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduch(no2vw-)owqm :f jf 6g 0j/sy p9*irqed NADP and Ajo/f*-o9 iyvfh2 w(60pq)rn: wgq msjTP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the t c:vwer .:uc4thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.c :ew4vr .:ctu

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impa55 8 iu8vposq;ivjyhu o :4jq0cts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a njquqos4pj ;:v8hv o5y850iu i umber of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correctxm :c5ng- e(vq l or(n:c7d:qk range of wavelengths of light that are absorc:l(75g:q qe(kr:no vcx d m-nbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced inx af t;nnlfz:52hy 82t the presence of light. fy;2zf5t 8:2ln axh nt
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thi apov:ql/ +h3u*zmp-/-p jdoylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reaction*/:l/o v3jh+ i-pzq o -apmupds of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferreb:+y5t 7( wb:wmabn sed from photobeb:ytm:sww b+n a 7(5system II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bispg,ld0zi0o *rag (g vtmp 7 8baog39pt;hosphate undergo carboxylation3t7r ,al;btvg od0imgap8*g z(0p g9o ?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indezpf*wb) n:uf (pendent reacti)bf(pz u*:fnwons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigmend+(cwb62 )jg0 roclents. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf e6 dnb+jwe)2gcco0 rl (xtracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructu v:l4ic8fsywrfsn 0x.. b0h4tre of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectruld(( uwn0ybs y cclr5emrs,y7,0fy * 4m for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed readyyn+4 -na6:z a/ cijzth)6 ssctions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments wq:y( kpeqrrw32l 7q :are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enqyl:w3(e2k rrq wp:7qrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of :jig.*y 4c,: kaaheav carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it f cjy :e.ka,h*v4:aagiound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that1hgnoze nynt /+a(l:f 4-gv2e enabled Calvin 1o tg:ev/2+-yn zg(4en hfaln to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?