1. Which of the following could be part of the description of a forest habkb + wuuz)(3zhqvx37p itat on a mountaih z( v3zqpuu)k3+xwb 7n?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are cot/ee2ywh j 4x;nditions required for coral reef formation in an ocxwty;4e/hej2 ean?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tund-hg vqo q2py/2k7f5 omra biome but not for/oqq 2vghy5 k7op2- mf a taiga biome?

  4. What is the best description of the limits of toler4 yqo r2 trrr;g9c h-nnu-x*,+ ksjnb)ance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal densit4i8 a/f 0(tgvot3crfr y

(c) Leaves at the top p qvveyvv46p*brc.: +of tall stems.

(a) List the two abij h:8;q nzr s8,uqa/ddotic factors that are the determinants of the type of terrestrial bqn;:8a8jdh ,dz sr/uqiome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area oj+6ryc lpf3vt zml2.0ccupied by one these biomes that may change due to glo.zpv cf j3y2m+lr0t6lbal warming. Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She is responsible for the protected areas(w rnf zp k-d:c/e6k *+ct)rzd of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The kd ce:*wc6nzfp drz+)-(rkt /area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in whlrdg+ 0g3+c nfich plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animalsrng3+gd c+f l0.