1. Red-green colour blindness is caused by an X-link.3i78e5xv d omwkba:jed recessive allele. In the pedigree chart below whi i:8kmxdow5ja.b 3 ve7ch individuals must be carriers of the red-green colour blindness allele?

  2. If the parents in the pedigree char7.ihd f; .xirk:pvwztmom*)9t above had a fourth child who was female, what would be the probability that she idk;mtopvi.r 7:.h9z) * xfmwwas colour blind?

  3. In Labrador dogs, black coat is dominant over chocolate coat. Theks)-*iqnm d.r58 jq silc /(qb genotype of a black male.- 8iic5msqr)d njq sl(qk/*b labrador is unknown. How can the genotype of this black Labrador be determined?

  4. Which of the following bestxfj ./if iy i/wvpe*31 defines the term, “gene”?

  5. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited human disease caused by a recessive aut9exg n (7ntlnia;n r+87x0:u tw;za srosomal allele in a gene whwzl ;7 9xng:ruea(r0nt7+ iann 8tx ;sich codes for an enzyme needed to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine. The PKU allele produces a non-functional enzyme.
Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Two parents heterozygous for the condition could have a child with PKU.
II. If the mother of the child is homozygous and not affected by PKU, her children will not be affected.
III. The polypeptide sequence of the enzyme of an affected person is identical to a person without the condition.
IV. Two parents who are not affected with PKU cannot have a child with the disorder.

I. Identify which of the alleles, yellow rapl:-iqjcqz 1il 8 (47 *iwuuaq9bg, or green, is dominant.

ii. Deduce the genotype of the .tt m2n z hyb4eg :ou7+mw 0: tdp:y.+b(tivfvoffspring.

Iii. Construct a Punnet grid to show the cross betwe du ) cf8toqto*w7j, cwv86l8wen two offspring plants of the F1 generati6o*ljuv,87c 8t 8wfcqwo)dwt on.

Iv. Deduce the phenotypic ratio for the offxu kcjo )s.1(+a sz.s( tser6/graop(spring of the F1 cross.

7. Amand has a daughter with Padmavathi. Amag(f4yy5w spq od18zt6nd is blood group A, Padmavathi is blood group B, and their daughter is bw1 t 64fd(sopgq zy58ylood group O. They are having a second child, a son.
Deduce the probability that their unborn son will be blood group O. Explain your working.

8. Explain how inheritance and environmental factors can it -c8r,;zl qin3eh2 l kvw8ip(nteract in a phenotype to cz t(i2hvlw q8kc-r;lpni 83e ,ause the appearance of human skin colour.

a. Deduce genotypes for the three coat colour phenotypes in these ych)s60 -l acccattle.
Use the symbols $C^W$ for the white coat allele, and $C^R$for red coat allele.

b. Deduce the parental genotypmxjy(ppfa/0np :27i g5dvaop u7-h) fes of the cow in the image.
Use P for the allele for polled and p for the allele for horns.

c. The roan colour, polled cow in the image is mated with a white coat, h7fu 7a4(linwk q 5p42e0 dfktiorned bul i5piw2d4qf fl kk e7uan7t(40l.
Construct a Punnett square showing all possible phenotypes of the offspring.

10. The pedigree chart shows ABO blood group alleles and their genotyj/:y,ogqb/h1m/g g z vfil-v2rvwt*-pe for nail-patella syndrome, an inherited condition. The individuals 1, 3, and 4 in row III are recombinants. Image by/ fib2o:hvy/gj-rgqw v v*,g- l1z /mt D.B. Pylypiv.

Use the pedigree chart to explain the meaning of gene linkage.