The three common phases g oodg.p)6p 3qof matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of txctm( eu/ syn3w 6.o0y2tn-u$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of prr aj(ft(49 (7bpfmcpressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base,mb g,3mk * bd.vmwyztnx8)zzugj:6:* and all three are filled to the same depth :gg m 8znk6w3, uv bd*)mtm*z.x:zby jwith water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference 0nq 5gd7/q mh(o-zq q,cgbt2ibetween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute p6dcmd d 9 4iz8g4d:fubressure at the bo z 8id44 fdgddm69:bucttom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m b x7h7o4cym(ep- 4 l(ekct(o ajeneath the so ec(kx74c4ljp7hmea-o(t (y urface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlp)36l3d2+1/w fvtgzs ioxl rfe.

State Archimedes' principle.gf/ye5 lkq3ceet5 (b 7fw+ar:

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happen9h*a eu uqlw(d k vg*50elij**6rmek 7s to the buoyant forcmdw*97vl*kg r*eq6ke uiej*a 50(hule on it?

  Salt water has greater density t a37 s5 uqc(awlln6sg3han fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on thec3(nswq73a ua5g 6sll boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in bo hic 4m)r zie12irlw);ar0s* xth fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, thel a2)*h irei)m1i0;wczsrrx4 volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury.l*b(zplf 0:5,h oejin Where is the buoyant force on the ba:h,jez ibfn(l*o50lp ll greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right n +l8p)m3k vdynext to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greatelm8 v+p3 dy)knr buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of z1je(zy9*g8pup cd jc be 3d:;a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removedy1zp( 3j9dbeuc z:dc;*8g ejp from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top -tivb4w4dp( s f5 kvpraj0s33of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level i-3jkvw4 s0ts5(b i fadp4p3r vn the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B iq u9)hloaxwx7 nmvli9bx, .( 3s larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the)n9lxvxwa .97muohbx ,(3 liq water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipo s3m/ kf atb8u-rweyz+ny9-ha ho6tm 1/,e 5ye. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the fl/he8y/mf+ot3 whb,soa -9 tr z yk1m6 eynua5-ow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pl i:,mwbb-y5mt/ o +v*(muwblipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow5*v (/ i-o ub,lw+ mtmlybmb:w speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princie:)cb7v9p k 7haoci:nple.

  Which one of the follow m f 2x7n1+o dvowap3*i0kkb/ling is associated with the law of conservation of energy in flu10op*/xa o w+nlkv32bm7 f dkiids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pujh; 4zr 4pze u:n6-v*nq8hzd ressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pvl vpcy u n.vl01(*pu2ipe at point B is larger than at point A. p vu*n(lp1. 0 ulvvy2cWhere is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises4n6w,z2:wbw tus,s3,mcsl*ogj jkm 4. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of -1ttgu4x j--;vqdvg cair resistance on v- x;4-t1gtdv c-j guqhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released sim/ -hsbv89 h23ed-rupbjneeo a, cr-i- ultaneously from a tall c3r-9/j-ban prdi u ob-2ehv h8es,e-tower. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius -i -t*ux immw5zak1s: r falls through water, it experiences a drag force--*s5 w mk1mzt:i iuxa $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrowf *6xrzwy;sr.u 04xg i pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cau4i60rzwsxyfgx;r .*u se the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B yc;6+ ,3yf pz p3resyjhas twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengthprczjy f+ ;ps y,3ye36s of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have t hfz/(un.hz t6he same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes vinthu z( h/.f6zscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" t d, 7j+ gfy*x*lliokm:aste seems to be associated with oil spreading out al*igl*7mlky: + f d,oxjl over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is y69hj*h4uv dlk , en,vplaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, 9jv,u vh4* enl,6k yhdhow high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, suchrb2dg :) a.c+ifnz aj9 as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice 9gz+:)2djiraf n ac.bas long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight thaoesl0/6b :zx xt they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward forb0le o:x/sx6z ce on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a 7i9vbs:j3kmzw9sk n6 mass of 30.0 g. What isbi36kkm 9n7 z9sjvw: s its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What itdzj .8jk+ u/jgi r.u3s its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. p:zbqrr *p+g2auj.. sWhat is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal supa2gr.bj:* .z qr+ psurface?

  A person weighing 900 N is qor4ktm g+- nu6vx-b 3n4lk/eqr .gi: standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submrdmb2p/ n8k+25os-p l x( erdoarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oceanr-lbp+/d 2(o p8ek o d2nrs5mx?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine caa.fkpa/qi x9 6ym y47pn withstand a maximum force o4m iapy.7kf/axq p9y6f $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressurn3/ w6jn-/0e*ib+z ton e xaxse is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge presskiv7jbii gc3mp /4:-lseq0.m ure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater is .: g 7iivs4ci k3e /bjl0-mqmp$1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressurxi* 3vapajd- ;e at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densivja *3;iaxdp -ty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydra7 0sdjxw;o )psdje2eh.tr- smzm3 (t4ulic machine. The small piston has .md o3xe)-spj 2js;hdw0ttr e( 7m4 zsarea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift,pe .(zucte2c 9klg:x)rv +:jz0ss . hx the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large pihx.(0ezc+v clpz:xssker u9 )2j.:t gston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to* 4hrsqcx5jabf6 tdd ao*91,z be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameq*d,4o jt b6xa rdczhs *915after piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a g4)lawry l4e; wbkz+; diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load w;ay)bell+k; w4gz 4r of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Whavrw,8ad +4ffdat8v2 r t is the buoyant force4 a 2tf+r,ar8d8fvwvd of the water?

  An object has a volume p:kfr yotglu2bht8q rp rhty0-;)* .0 of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submergr n:ja:5myd f3*jvlf(ed in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86 jyn:vljd*3fam:rf5 (.)

  If the density of gold ije2 31 aa h)s ksc5 /5ah4p3hpavjgj2gs $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densyzqqp nt b2n(:2tkoe.2 tth95v0 mje.ity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in n8k-zobg tu58t al:n9 j- iy(vwater. Wh9goazkvj(nt8-it-u : by8 n5lat is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale read kn8l5 njgdck o/ 08(x05xnawas 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from cd0ox 0aal5n(8gkn8xj k w/n5 a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a m jtjzv(r95ad4c: 8zn uass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 i( x):jv(fzgyj g5i7z cm will just barely float in water. What is its mass?gy5()(gj7:ifixz v jz

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide,)4bw zrlmpyx*fr:bb riq+p5 . 9ub8p . and 0.50 m hipybwuxpl*m9 p r).8 .zf54br +:rbbqigh. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the wo f7 9 ctr3gyqpzcxo:acog5 k4 vb-72tfo6 *)sater. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Wh c6 f o t-7qs57po9*gb43oyc)2gtfaxro vck:zat is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fouv vly v(yf(oud5a /2mp wj7-m5rths of its volume beneath the surfavojv d5l(2-v wm7u fa(/yyp5m ce. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats pq 75fie pu0p8with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant forfu 0 epp8p5q7ice on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 k v:e,tyi 0:u5mzc z.tfg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the fvtf cue:,tiz .:z my50loe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. 4 wfc-g v 7(7 wp1t;fjjg,;qa kn.ipek Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/0rkz3- w y3kelv2oea8s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this res8 wy3l2v az k3ee0kor-triction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a how9,9 xs(h9cav mbycg4 rizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinhqtn40y:6cq t.4x*kbu sf8cs king fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountabqt44ux s06y . *8:shktcnfqcin is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the b muo2v*yl .p d-slgn84ottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow ou p4m.g 8*oyll2-nuv dst of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontalnux+q+9,ulkg 8jr 9zu pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. q (:x/i, 6c-pkxk1jo hejl5mn How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm l1 o/cxn6 :x ehjmq,-p5kikjl(ong and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an arteryvs+ y:ba l .o4njuj4axt5* go: decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be i 4v4oagty oxj 5*lsjbn:a.+u: ncreased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pann52/ (4lalbg:t*xulda a +vve of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wa2vl4+vn *xl:/t be(udala 5gill it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a cagi,;v i(ls rf*pillary tube ofsv,(grfiil* ; diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary t1bpi19q.u t srl;mb8kube with sbi98 uqml.;ptb 1r1ka diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed 5ir. oz+xrw e1zl ;l7gvertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by thel57r .e xzgro;li+1zw addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width w2wucan5w gb*se:d+- 0.600 m with a soap film formed withind nu :e+w* cw2ba5wgs- its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is bp;; 2 macuy1y*+ q3u/ywsiu; qko 8qyruilt in such a way that one of the uo; 3 q+8 ayqk2riypyuu/;csw 1m;y*qlonger sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?