The three common phases . fq-i0;hy xnx( mwjj4lly,1jof matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density -y/ys epz8j:yi dkku7a.d6 l3 of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is,nvn.m4 t9;rv8d j)g1 .5swpocttjc s not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all thc1 j,sw1f-k8lns r vi5ree are filled to the samsj n s1w1c,lkiv8f -r5e depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outsid2twqp,1 ;.xbk u;ra hle a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changs.yznh03y ;kjes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the ; hsn3j0y z.ykbottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surfacede*.yyr+2p e n of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on yonee+* dy2.y rpu?

State Pascal's principf( 1wco9hv(m yle.

State Archimedes' principle,a. yhaow/ca6lpby* bb u/q(2 .

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water ofq*ew *qznas.9 constant density, what happens to the buoyant forceaz*q n.eqw* 9s on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boa3syi2nk1 z(6iwdr v- kt floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant for s 26d-r1v(zk3k iwnyice greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fres hgd0cayp7 a-((98vrg upjej/h water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volumea apuec90/jhvy -pg 78jg(r(d of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a rjr 8pwf v:.je,:r1oav+cy:l pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the :ap j+ro.wle ,v:ycrj:8rv1f ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminh6x9k*d u. w/b a 8jsbk1 sc6t*f,phqkum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater . f htjbswk u81,kba k6pd*xhqc/9s* 6buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bath6wtnj y p)v;3ptub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water n;yt6 )pv3jwplevel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piech4.rihqibn.17fz,c+ua p w .le of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off aif.za41r 7+ ncqhiu,.b.p wlh nd placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B rr8 ph (zquczl6p:.*sis larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the wat 6p*( z8qlhrprs:z.c uer greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12xj;kar9k7 4x-mp g)g l m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its originaxa-g7k; p) x9 kjlr4gml radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows t kjh)h9tvxh; -n5g q5at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower sectionq 9)tt ;hnhg-5xv5jkh ?

State Bernoulli's principle+ozhvjdvq4he/ (b.7ivd d/g32 o /y vi.

  Which one of the following is as60om2bu8k gnesociated with the law of conservation of energy in oe0mbnk2g8u6 fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid inccwh.5s +xc 0xtreases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe a6c j ds1)jahs:klzay yp+ ic+1-bl+/ot point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water prl6kyjiadslca+h)1- :o/ +1j cp zy s+bessure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a pv,j; k7 im9olpzt96 siy*coz7 aper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at teyrc +o;ud. *wrc+wx+huf jz13rminal velocity. The force of air resistance on him*yc+ f cro+u+zwxd1.hru w3j; is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneouch:5bok tl;h9+j4om e sly from a tall tower. Which will reach the grouct9 hm e kbjh4:;l+oo5nd first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it m.sbl*5sa.uv4wt ci5 experiences a drag fs.silv*5b5u4w m c a.torce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect os* rtp;mcrq4hhin f9t/)5:rr n the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if youprqn 9fm4richt/:;5* hr)tr s made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice,nasqol:,x3 c apocbn gd8p1jy718m : the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across1g3m1 clbocp,n qp ona8:x7 ,aj8d :sy the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diampy fg4 2w ceq-044ni-ks sl1sdeter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Watl02q-14s gk niw-df c4spey4ser undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to:e,l 1 utjayd, r-qk+j be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globy1lr a+ku : t,jd-jeq,ules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h lt7-dvt mi8*m. If the diameter were half as great, how high would tvt 7*m8dml-t ihe water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweigh 75 ) lz0*g)q;-hoqw0fi1zire2te zkbiy g; slt that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bu -rzoiisb5 w02zi);tzg1hfe;e 0* yq 7l )lgkqg B?

  Certain insects, such as 1gl5lwqq,pxixv2oo.5 pf: . p yk 4y,cf/:buu the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppoif1.. kc:/2pw 4 uq fyb,p,vq x:l5py5go lxuose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30x(dex 3;ej: mlebq qu9 x:41qt.0 g. Wh:eq9l3(4xex bqq: 1;m tde uxjat is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densitvsm lb1gw/rs kunq1 j1 uv*,.+y?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Wha:6suvsg zpw f( n5xi0c a)85jo)jze*lt is the maximum pressure it can exert on a uoa0:j5 (nj* e6gf)cp5x8i wz )szsvl horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is sta (hh*w e/kkqq9nding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) m xr;nxz):e pyv 2a,+jhust a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in th)n;,+ j2:v pzx axryehe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a o8zd4*m)c)ehvb y +gc submarine can withstand a maximum force)e4)ob 8cgcm+z yhvd * of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure iughf z1 c 4tbt)n6tli/oc7+1h s 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15 ea koxi r0jm6:6z(6jl.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density xi 6k66je:lo z(rmja0 of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the;,nof9m zzyjvd:+cac ; .vk 6r surface of sea? (The density of se mzvoa:zkd.;cnf9 6j,+; yvcrawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits 8gfim d;u/x*adui-o( on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston 8mgdd/a i-(i;* xfuouhas area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and ths dkn 6*u19l/ -m6o o(jpibhhqe large piston hasdb klih( 1 oh6puo6m*/9qs-n j a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulicr*/w2shi)m.x(:sbqp sfvla ql 5yf77 piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston t l *rwh2a7 )(7s .svqfmqxfil/py b:s5o accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift hak,m,m 5u4zq- )ajwk5fyvip 1js a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 c)-vm ip,am,wkj kfzq u541 y5jm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant foroq hl r )m8-l2./dtgxlce of the wa/rdl xl 2)loh8- q.mgtter?

  An object has a volume of8oxg+ h3.;i;kvip);.j(aaw.akl.l quvhhit $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string wh 0hxlurf6 o;)i h)fu)ugbp6x /ile submerged in wathu/x;i )flphf6u6b r)g o 0x)uer. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i3mwllc4:il i( s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (5w 9dm jkim7x:h3 ggwlo4+m j3vcc 5-udensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in ai ijx-3)-l(zoji.)h. tqgve d fr and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific graviqeo-.j(.) gzhxfv t )-3 ijidlty of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now aki2*hm4 uvcix* kpu3-rd46m z 20-g piece ox -i m3644uhri2*cuk kmdz*pvf copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum witvcdix;/r/* bb h a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will srp-3od 9tkh* :yryhxq4v/e8 just barely float in watykrx/h o:9htdpq * -sv ye483rer. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.1-j;hewt w8n c50 m he ;h-jw 8tw1cnigh. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with haqy-v1rl d+y9alf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced +yld9aq-1vy rwater is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the sur0nt vs+3 v/x135ewpvvqzp x(of v33vz( x+0tp15v px/snqovewace. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its v. sno(oa* 4 sh+mmb6imolume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on theha+nm6 bi.s sm*o(o4 m object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thy1f lid3x3gyfyuk, d,xh6o 59ick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0youk6 x9ygd,5d l,x 33fh1fi y.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0z6rcactz57guw e2. 2 j cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a fz c 0o:9gbv8pvo f+-g4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What ip0fz fv 8o+vgo:g b9-cs the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizobm8wm2cu3 h cyi* h9v4ntal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountaii , +t6 pclg.4/)tttkp7bmhrbn with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the r b t .ibck64+gm)lt tp/,h7tppump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottoc meb// yx7o2h hxe,v1m of a water storage tank that holds water at a deptheo/ye,x /1mhbx 7h2 vc of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horzduo*z,ebj0 7. az i gz4riu;x0f;m8sizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would ch+x;dj5ol h+6 enhm4it take to pour 4.0 L of oil ;o c4+ xhej+m5l hn6hdthrough a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue onh1 mb2vzj()gojs a w.s67i.bu the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain ja.ismz2g7bjvo h(u s)1w 6.ba constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tub yi3.h(ynzwff sr3 zf u/v*cozx/oc:2 t+ma) -e A has twice the diameter of tube Bz z3y*hsffv irm-na: +.c2zw)xf3 y ou cot//(. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N3orm/onp1wjv hzb* k *n.7aq8/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter j*o on qh*z.nw31r kapmb8/7v1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius r q;4;4a9d/ odqoy efvuise in a glass capillary tube wi dvuy4 eo49dq ;;faq/oth a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan ojodoq/p9 m2* df water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happ m9/d oqd2opj*ens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular fr c1t8(fntkrd h3hm3w(ame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the cr h8 tf(nkh1wmt3 d(3soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and widf * .quzlcltlh-75s2hth 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bur*h-ul7fzql .ct5 2hls sting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?