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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V z;z0ryat p1 7cx( ftdz+,iqc6 eg z9d5graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal proce p3cn;use iyh,4d.ud6ss, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thea4 k dy*e/9arzru;l2,dw7dk s rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in ij b ihra8cv.z02uv* .nts temperature. This proceshc8zbr .. *2 janv0vius is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 ;c13xb gdpan- L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the extepd-3xn bg;1ca rnal mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an i*m0ph jkd4-nx sothermal process. The final p-4j mp*hdn0xkressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotherw3 i+d05vwh6ge e we-bmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is ew3e5 vhwgb0dwe i +e6-xpended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Dur58z .asz ma:eq2tsh*wing the event, the gas exchanged no heatmst:a*qzzh sa e5.2w8 with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thw x:n0nv0icf+2 ; pyae c.(l1cpz3n jkermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is b /1( qsqm/*1 qszlaofcompressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of tm/1q1z(a */blq qfsoshe gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respectm7f7x/nx mg1h0yj +zo s except that one contains x7 o g7/1hmfzj+my0xn$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of g,yry; ovks wn ,5vg1)j.-*9f jthf ynsas identical in all respects except that one containss.o*syk,vtf,-njw1yj;)9 r5hngf yv $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram isa 0a185 iob/c d6d5tfnv(v ljb an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, .tk7 nt2:j8vl 0ggbnj o+cx-izb 4wm7there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tbujmz n7n/j :xm,6uqdr kp/1uw:4j*nhermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. 9(:6p7bjuzk fornzju hn gbg -63+ pl.This pr .n- g9znp :l6z7h3pbj+uj o(frug6kbocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tranu:g;( iav(;cg.e rjhc sferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internag :i jvc( ;(gar.eh;cul energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is (,o)e6 2iwl h342(gsluxpo u xx+a*bdmfwe,m


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chb qq8;yz tnk/cdml.;+jbs7 t6ange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ovh x/f 5n* xu,xi3jbb:so8 k(rf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigide d)o-7nf4l ro*nw)l,cb7dg3sstl( p container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process ldfos 7n cl)wr 3g4)ld7(p,-o*n es btis

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample ofl4lz55rvb k -3nu:1mys iq(sb ideal gas at constant volume. A1:yb bl5sq k(umn 4z3i5-svrl s a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of the 1- x6wd/vb;m9yfyfmrg+cl g7rmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a( m.ioatl -b,f hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a m ,u3a8z29n thzyf1hkhot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamidw/p r 9she :t(jyh5k/cs according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated heo3 3mjk/i6ls bc+fn ;dre. During one cycle, how much work is done by an em3;knls+obf3 i 6d/ jcngine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as t/2ztm e+zl)r0n a gz//)npiwjhe ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of sgd56s gm:* 9e 9pqlhva Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink musth 6:g*m9lvsge59 dpqs be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistg8:fms7j ra: 1a rg(cos of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of tnl5 etvj-np dvsfg276*eoc, )he second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as tz e uurv,2o4 x.ge 526r hv/hfy 8erx*z6;mbrkhe ratio ofz/ . fue xz842;r6ux26 g5krehovry,me vr*hb

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of pe( yrb(k./ ;6jnbi8 o* vb0kn/cjg ebenrformance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wa(x5sg+9 kz7gpp5 rs xater

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occt:xi69qjd2 t: tww+ pcur within an isolated system, which one of the choicesw+cx6tt: :twip9q d2 j applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second g-)gsqz/6 u,9b9jr brat ipd3law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodyna5j dwm 5r f /m74rj;w7)erccjemics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideuhuay1 6ewo 7.al gas. What is .ohy61 e 7uuawthe change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process,2bq d- n8qo/jo 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in thq-2 8bjno/ odqe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -45pm5ed h8gvz8kbfh b *,nvw5+00 J. What is the change in m+vdp v 5k ,bh*w8 hnf5gze5b8internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatic th88tty+5)em3k uo)wz,p kitally. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?k5z )8uiyt t k,te8 oh+3mpw)t

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of j4;+jj bn5 5xgrnua3alji/ 2x work. What is the change in internalrx 2j3j5 ;njxa/45g ab+lijn u energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a s y 21o53r(,qpp.d zqvviq1a ttystem decreases by 50 J. What isrv(tqqi ,a2t1 zqpy3p.d1ov5 the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesl,cfve( 4yvdjte ,g-7s, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is theledvtjg yc7 f ,v,(4e- heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at con.,d1 hy kpnmj-stant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by remom k- d.1y,hpjnving 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 d+u-efcmw7)0h p mb+t K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from itb-w7tem0 mduc p+ f)+h. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of w4r2*in q/lyap/g eec4ater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7mi 186u8mb qeoy y2da)000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the imy)61domq2e8uya b 8 efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.81cjm68bg. mc 7oebdm 0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work doed6mgec8cm7jm8ob1 b.s it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and yb)c 1x05 imajreceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How mu10a) ycmj ibx5ch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorb. vrzw,t-sz:qs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiews ,:z-rtqzv.ncy of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhhwv6-s)ra7bk -hozk- austs 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each a6-r 7zk sv-bwoh-k) hcycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built s328rgavek;hvq j .l; ao far has the following characteristics: combustion cham2.e;k 3jqrvlgv ;aah8 ber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient34 :(s hhafvmp00- w gg:rojiw engines built so far has the following characteristics: - ws3fg:w vho p(:gjmih0a4r0combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristic4z66tjiwo *p ns: comb4pn*o6 tijzw 6ustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electrir 7vxj.,(qeb +no:vevqk/y4 hc power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl, -ckbmd8lgd4ant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generfocp(i5 myvx7bk/.c ;o:7lm tates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficienca 5+jy0(jdxg6jpg-s vy 5y bi8oqb1 2sy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possib7vpavow.og5e8izsi-. /y3 cranla ; :le for an engine operating betweenal.v r3e -w; :yziap8n/ovo7i ca5s. g $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the tempere+wxuge3 *do nxex /*wtt :,,rature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the x3*:xn+e tee dw,x,* gu/rtowhot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwee nb. v8g o:ed-,tq ubgm)0(bxfn $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat frnh 6vfo3b9bbijyt v 3z z; 5tai934.ggmic8x4om the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How v3 tbbxj 3va z.i6z9 n4yitmig84395fbhg;ocmuch work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heavm; 1 2bw dsxtzui/bisg (w. c14a)z:ft from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performanczxvz4w2ucf: . ;d)b(s sig/i1b wta1me?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the fmo ypc6uw jwnd 0y,0:3reezer and expelsnyumd3,ww p yo 060j:c 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in2 n9p5e ,y yg3ezp0hmm entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ezv1++o eaoo+bntropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expa)x :ym)/wtpqynsion and its entropy chaq/t ) pyxyw):mnges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at xg37ly: b3xis(lgc *e$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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