A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy into electric8bw6,tp rng /f nt+xz:al energy is callt ,8f/ 6xpztr+:g nbwned a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wir66ke kz; 4jnw1 cafainxw2c4z4/rdr 6 e's full cross section at any point paf4 ;n k/z4ie ckn 6zj4 xc6wdw6r21raer unit of time is referred to as

  The direction of convention current is taken to be the directionnx2fv.d9drn e 9l:bits+vvc 4 . .apaw0n hd)0 that

  A coulomb per second is the same a6hnil6s2*swi;gnz j( s

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a .r, nbq nbdps820v us:measure of their

  The resistance of a witewndyw+0.h w4 :jf7g re is defined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wire apuq x(1 *qq,nis

  The resistivity of a wisul0ywj u;sy83cm;p x,b(/ur re depends on

  Which conducting material has the lowest resistivrhmjl77s;no1bspu p77ao : 9 dity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the oy;swj.,6f5dukm m62f fb8jun ther. How do the resistivities of these kuwf68jy;5j 2nfuf.b,sd mm6 two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. Onelg.ogwmj5+ ao g8*vzc2: uo: q has twice the length of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compare?a cgo*g.vz58ouog:qwmj2 +: l

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional areamprw3 zis.6h4 e0s,t m of the other. How do the resistances or4iw.zh,6s mm t3 p0sef these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length and twice)tc8+/eznksc nt0h p) the cross-sectionaht c +n0ctezkp) sn8/)l area of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. By what factor xpgg49i3e 9v asf0 w,ydoes the rixfg, es9a9vyg3 0 wp4esistance change?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diameter ro3 dg*eq0 :9xvp bqrpr7o//( rag)rbwgd have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length and mxq/rwr*p9(7p:b br)do3gev/q0a rgg ade of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common metaloonie+2kp2- xpw3* ;347g k rgnsba qus

  Negative temperature b 3j9lff ;u d1i8bqq5scoefficients of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalentlq*zzqf 0 tx 0,cbc90*aycd t6trfc */8o )aoi to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equiva)mn0xc 3ciw.m lent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltag5eu l z1u8+jie0oa.ore circuit is doubled, the power dissipated by that circuiuuozre8je 1 50i.+oalt will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistance is doubled, the (ha7u( vnm2i6tlf9hrpower dissipated byn9(a7mlu2i(f6t vhrh that circuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with cons0 wfe.o)oo c8ftant current flowing is doubled, the poweroo0.ec) 8 fwof dissipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is dox6 ldz 0* oz8v z3m9pk/pg4bnoubled, the power dissipatp z4lp kz3bgm*8/6 vz9 oxd0oned by that circuit will

  During a power deman: bq t6i57gioncanv,3d, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage is the powvbo 37nn:q 5 ciaigt,6er on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect to time is el:w il ;+ow+vs,us/d referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current of 3.m3v1 .y qf(ojm0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the othej( .qmmyfov13r. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes essentially zerv1+mymc miomc21 k0. so at very low temperatures m1m+2im.m 1ys cck0 voare referred to as

  What current is flowing if ec( vlj/kp qv* yl nox+ m9vmoq01m;020.67 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 mir,zge*8:j a cjd 0b6 oqrxuw-6n. What is the average ca rw:8*ur0do e 6bjg6qjc -,xzurrent?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the current to f;wb 6x*me*5ae7d iyqbe 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing i-cmuc5zcv sa/+vf* + gf $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A o9f n18qz ih ftst4+o5ff current, has been left on for 10 min. What is the net number of electrons that have p 51+tff 94sqh foniz8tassed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process,*r1t+ i8j rth , 63jrxj) puc+zldz+fn it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the currentdu+rtcjjr lx +h)izp8 1f+63 t*nrz,j be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential differ)ur wers,s* lsk.)rl :ence is required to cause 4.00 A to flow through a resistanc ksu. e)sl*:rl)w ,rsre of 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the current through it is i*j,6j xjkg km5n)4 4x(cfity 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected acr:9l. t6n pt-fx, fxo1i m4jzeloss 220 V. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating*p-c ti 1ea45mgfzmk2ot.9vm at 110 V draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance?mgtzcamp5k* f -1m eo9.2v4it

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-W resistor. Hxvw m /5mlv3g3ow many electrons flow through the wir l5mvgwxv 3/m3e in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (The rj*)j - vl-pb f0b8lgvkesistivit0b b*jvv-l -pfj) g8kly of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm ia ij/*cn- duiqpk-0(cn diameter and 45 m long, if the resist cnkj/dq*0--p ui aci(ivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper w t61f( t-aou5c:xvlybire (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire /,cm)8qaf/m besjo, f (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 mn (om n,i5c2sq long, measures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 /nqj:db0,ve ,skz 4jhmm) nichrome wire if it 0v:zk,bq4sj/j,nd e his connected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2. (7mltktv 4tg0-c (c/vw ww8un0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it v( /unt8w(w c-v4 t gkt7c0lmwcarries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of 0.r45 ye n ll52r9bgx,kw 74fdqs50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire b3 uf,jfg:dehx8:mm9 (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a resis0 zr+a st7xzt:3hkn +utance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of :h8qd3ulyitu*cdz 16 resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indium. Th4ft, .b m9(jesjkdm/fyfv24 te resistance of the(. /4tdkb f9m,f2f4mv j esjty platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing through an cn .yh i2 zp3yt3t 1kz(gk1v9g$10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. W1ls ps68ag femx (g8x.hat current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 110 V draws howk43tqw ,6gvexmxg-87 qs zg7y much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of a 100-W lign j/j s7u/ -kjmv/3bseht bulb designed to be used in a 120-V circvsejb/-s m kju 7j/n/3uit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the rev e) ,,mo3.yfxa sodh7sistance of its heating element? daovf.hs7m oy3,,e) x

  A 200-W resistor is rated at ti /+e5y p a.d2qj-hcu$1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated o.vw((izpxpi /ouoidmw2ss6xg1p+8 bt f 3,3at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb h:(p tvo+qem s,db(zdh5j;;e . If it is used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?r1lv14pb lf, mem s sd(ih 9o-m)cx2c8

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What is its resist 3w/fa /hg-fnuance?

  How much does it cost to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8 9hj) 7zz nw1fmknnytgc9y53 0annx0 ;vq87x d.0 hours, if energy cosqznan9gcnvwk 5m97y0d n 18 ;xy7jzthxnf03)ts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does ajxo4 shobcw y50fb87- 100-W light bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120- pq -6eirysboc;9p be9 p(gbyekc,37.mse8)m V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat energy76oi.8ee-)yer3q9( 9pbsp ybmbem,kcp ;sgc is produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. How much energy does the battery stv +ck(d4qtn/8t2orclx .vt+ sore?( knt /qtcx28s+ovt.clvd4+ r

  How much energy does a 25-W soldering iron fd 8y8nc.( cfsc;xhe.use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assb8) d+dtikxz054. n3 lwuftdg uming the power company charges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to ozd 4tl)8gxkd3b+ 0wnt uf5id .perate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 iq 7qqnv a/ m9r/2ku r)ltow+4hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cos92m u4 qqkrnqi)lr w7//+vtaot to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric bill included the cost of running a centralru);1n2th4j g/toc un air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series con2) co;gtru/u1n tjh4nnection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an ele1sgm/s8e jtm4 ctric drier operates on 240 V and generates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shostsj /4 g8em1mrtens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows thiw;yalh.l9/xt0g 5 jr ax ro4 82cx:unrough $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs ciaubpr*a8c iyj5hi6bm83m8rq +2n/ $1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work1/zo(15j ycgeo( *pms pp1 tlt at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current doze5p1tsogyl j* c 1/mp1(op(t es it draw from a 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What rm9s phvl //jo 6ef0-grps current flows through thi 6rppo v/h9/gjl esf0-s device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a ufl a).6kw.bd120-V ac power source. What peak current flows through this devidba. )w l.ufk6ce?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power source. What is the p hz4ud:-2,xo +g p6 dqkxs6wykeak voltage across thiz kw-g2khx6+y :uxdopq ,s46ds device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe cunkd05 zo dwyo0/ 4eaul8s8w ,zrrent it can carry (in order to prevent fyd a04u w8 zlso5kdnwzo0e8 ,/ire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)