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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship thaxrpe-o)2e5g2py /q7btob d. y t has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at 5tdypb) g oe72y-.xoq2e/rpbconstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment u ue 4ovdruu qkn4):5tpy4:c:was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley c rh;l;mh;+gnst2d5yj-a /sle/a( unponcluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if ;d7rn3+xvg nbyou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlosn wd: 5t2uo:e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galileacdzt f9y8-(skn-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specia8zbo j dmo+w:;l relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formu 4x:t: 3xrxmgy/n.cnglating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referexcx.mgxgtynr:n/ :34 nce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulat 1lhe7b azv:ht8 d5w+pqw5lw1e of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relati*gmf/ u-,ynrco hw+ -uvity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mov r4)ubc;x9/-rvvnebmuca1w p w;: ti3ing away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, youne m3 4:ctb uvbp9cwr;iav 1-/;)rxuw would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinj 6.b +mh5qk)- olpan:nu7 xqeg clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is r6 i2)hokru5jdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travirc erc+ew/7l73yo; teling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts e;+crr7ey3oiw7/lt c that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecioasxi7( duw a-s0b(kv.lf s m, ,ia6-t

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dir/gre 6litnf1gzx7i 1 5ection parallel to its length with a velocity that approachx gzl7iei51/r g1fn6tes the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction ogx m,rmye34eskyn j-7 3 4-yqparallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationoes- 3n4m37,-kyy ry qe4xg jmary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the part5l. j5zpdoqn kycrv ;dr;9d 9*icled5ko vqc9p*jny; zdr. d;59lr

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentumpd,:c+tn fzhb+yk/(5p tgr3x.b* ah k of the pak 5:t+kn(rpzdh*b,yp at +hcf.3b xg/rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure3poqc bbt9 p*9ehu+1i its length at one-half u9qpc +3thpi*91ebo bits normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisti5 8d::x( vr s dthtn+tb0f4disc mass douifd+tnt:hd5:0bs (st x dr8v4bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pa 1xfpb5i.;sw roton when its relativistic mas5 b;w1pxsa.i fs doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massgm. r/2wvwe7-z x1 lyy $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling a/apq/;t t jsv p4,,azit 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away fr v/ajzpat,p,ist 4; /qom the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refer0nw h;l28mywi h7xj.oence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship(l2xgz , ombx +6s;jop increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to tjj 8ulca7+ xaei++hz :he shore, does it mov zxc:+8lha7 ie+auj+j e in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t06us z bc45tlyo the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat y5tusc6lb40zis heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, -ndm h6/lrmo2relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acr-ndr mh6o/ 2mloss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be7kqm3oq . f 00x:zhpri observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its norma.7 f oqhqk:izxr0m p03l rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accols5ny:3hty/v o (4f, ewcyj.rrding to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the . :y3,(y vehj5trl f4 ns/yowcEarth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courpbnjuxtcxgo7 x2(6 2 :tney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courbt2gncp jx7uxxo6: ( 2tney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes nvr+v f9asc8+a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. U9fvcr8+ nasv+ pon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving towa,j h6n1t y0jn x84fpefrd you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half lj is05ih+5)2m isukrof its proper length (as observed by a stationarh2i)+iui r 5s0kl5msjy object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m whehwfcz36p + 4u+s.jfn tn it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a t +.hfz+3wcsjp n64ufspeed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar ei unwz -s-kx025jwlx6bm.r 1system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trawl2k.n6-wu1r bj s5z-ixx0 me vels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to oy:qcc+ ) 12/-dkoj.lxal durwur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spx1c+djrkdwqc2 ./y-lo) a:lueed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ous smumn-wpebz)931cqoh )1x1r solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a con) 9uo-11c h3sxwqbzm es1m)pnstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The restdqf/lxz.qi6h tm+983n bv lg+ mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rwiqvju f)p l ak,r7;gli:,0g0est mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spacw;p:mi d4mw; xeship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase :; 4wmpmdixw;by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum4 x*obzkk5bfu9 0 g8hjlu(ef6n-jkk 7lw:ak , in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element k/vz hayj3mpk- h94+aloses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be 20s/3um:javsqahbcq c* m0i0r9r+ zfh3b kx 4released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionracmh:u3 fv 4qqjb9hc0 m*3 absx0r2ks+z0i/?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two ki oa5mw1bv 7gp).sek) *64 ozn txok+hilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 19/5/bp) tizt ju9wh3t v45 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (bhvw3t /tt /9 )5zjuip1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ene hw7h*8t.j4ov fhx, ltrgy. What is the speed of the prot,tvxl4t.jh h*fw o87hon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentunm -t; j52n5nht)-:nvq7pjauk r bf/16 avq knm rn5k ha6v)qtp-;jun 5vb71n ft/nmk 2q:- jna in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a g*ucn -5pfermz: zz.+ eca 82ereaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which 8v185 a-k vmven+ prlh$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speeb-+gv 2q 0a6ubc2qp:loa5 hept3 +jnod of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelt 9yos xone4 * q3l7gpe5ilq3-erate one kilogram of mass from rest to a vipon345 to g*lqe xlq- 9s7ey3elocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ij77tqdsm 84k$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has0 ;w7df)v a;v8 rgiic1kw5cpcrt8 zd) its mass increase7vpk5ww8c; 0v ;gcf rt a1iz)d ricd8)d with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95ck5 4ize. ft7p vsklj:8uxtl(*. You measure the speed of light frlt 4fp jkul: stzx(k7e *.8iv5om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thro(sq75g 4ido vgugh space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each otsq4 5igg 7(vodher, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travep 7udbd 9ujs8ra9mi( a*j hxk7)ea1k8kudipaar s 7x 79 m()kjbuh*819ajd8el from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80cq9nsn*27km0pv:/v qy4ncgz c . The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the vel7zn0 y csn cn2q:4q/vpvk9m *gocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8- (kc7)(sqp xzol*gw e0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired (-l q7*sg )c (koxwpeztoward the Earth?

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