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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacesid 3xjy p8yl,/a,.qhlhip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you doh,pl/il8 xjy3 ,aqy .d?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed tom.up zl2r5h +a1:hljw measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from thecgmr a+9 rv 4zqbs1wexa j, 5;d,;hbi;sd(c)q results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if vr n8hurk(f;56igkv3 ;lm0xf you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ vkou;*lpny -q6c6y4 fiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galia mi2:zxsz2p4lx,x a*lean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela*-wd d;i zpsu9tivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the speciag*w yw6unau +r3rfu/hk63xh 2l theory of relativity was that the lawsfhgyr6ru3/+n kwh6wu*u3x2a of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relaty;59im h n(ltuivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulu- plwndgb/z e9b(0-nvjxy7lms ) n))ate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measu64u p qcsxg3(7p9pacr re your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed 7cqsupg6 9p3 pr ca(4xclose to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving b okapq gnqf(9l(.+ 1fclock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definems1; 4h10b kw5uuvdzi d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trdh.qujl rd1 ./er2 0qraveling at a very high speed to a distant star an. r.e/qqdlu2d10 h rjrd back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi*wncsa ,tr1lae- l60;oy zl2rng object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that a-qo- 6(f4,buo -quc c ij1)aq lqz4qynpproaches the velocity of light. The4 ccjn4uqqy) -q -ifqbza-(o 1ql6o, u width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dj4r+ pgg cf8m-1 egj6jirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches thj4 +gjcm-fe1p8g g r6je velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the parti2:ypgo xd2hr qoc1)0srozvk ,4 k9h)fhkc/(bcleh rdcsz, ok92yk0 x : q1f/povcrb))h (24hkog

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approacvwa 9*bb(wt5 eb88nmu hes the speed of light, the momentum of the parm nb8t8bvb 5*ew(uw a9ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high6 r)o2i k6 l1l h(uoed6ap4lsbi.f x;t speed. As it passes, you measure its lenl6od 2it l( 6a po4)xkbe;1l.f6rihusgth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy pr pqzuwxku)+;: oton when its relativistic mass doubw x puqkz;:u+)les?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its xzo)*.p*c e2xr -fx zqrelativistic masfpxx *r.c *-qzoz2ex)s doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of fab;b :i-x xmjnj92i1mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travefh2ohz;0 9v5axdgwlhl(d i:l 6u69 kw ling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and sh(zu5a:x2llw ohh996kv6i;0lgh fd wd ip B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer'lb-+j -qxo :dns frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yg2 ldzc7 fx4qpa3*z0z our spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what mrx vba-n0mekmvm uw 409;v-- speed, relative to the shore, does it move-mmvr wuen- 04v9mkxv;- 0a bm in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withirvzg j w+v4;r9t amme9vk;y + v*0p;z what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing atm9irtkme4+;r g;va9;*0 vwvpj y v+z z 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wagl rqqqhj,)+mq1xy)w.dhx*7 ter. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straighthr,q)x1 gyl.)qd q jm+*hwq x7 across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a yr/g.hg8(h bu stationary observer as running at hgu (g 8b./rhyone-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and retur1zh3c e.*l *2mp mfsa.eigp f.ns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship 3 ee2mz chfpfi*l1a.sm.g* .pis 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 ye:fuc / 5onipfbycd,15ars old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney:p, i5y1occfb5 n ufd/ is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fo )i57 yel,oqgtr 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning tgo etq)7,i yl5o the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moviny4a kkb1o9s-s jre (v4g toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract 5g1a;xu1zfc /l9 blscto half of its proper length (as observed by a station s 9la/clf;u5g1 bxc1zary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ifi16arg u da-3g the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yaaru31dig 6g- ou?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wh88m h* g2 likjqw04anuich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What dis * 0kw8qjilm ha2g4nu8tance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solu -flwth649z w opn9v,4ipuc .ar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spacesh-4 9cfowh49 pu6 ,ti vnu.zwlpip?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sys((qv8ym+yb.jof7ts c qp 9wj3tem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How j8 poy 7(9cmyqb.w(v j q+3tsfmuch time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass n0rry f++b.iqis $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice itqn,e t:anvvjj 25s :s7ikgi82s rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, .(h( wz +vezdyxff+ g+3zst p;nsmx0 *then your mass will increas psf3tnh;yg+z v(z sxxwz* ++me.(df0e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumu w(49vxd ;wfn in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemc:8z:r 0 xj5fvfko5zy r,tkb(ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materialh y :tt1 dv7of+/r3esl6s eyo-syx4 x1 was lost during a reactio/te h1 yyo4d s 1ef7+xsr:slv3-6xtyon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent togf0fw8r,ca8ooo kbr .5*c+m c two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people*jvi 5yvcmp( 4, helping to end World War II on the next day. Itjy4pv *vci m(5 released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of d;e 3gx68 wpkg(pf.)lt zmxz :a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the)l 3pw: ( dtfzk. p8g6xxegz;m proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. du . x),l axqjq+:m/daWhat is the momentum imaxxd/:dl ju) ,q. a+qn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rj)+*i9v )-nxyfee :jnk, v suieaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactio;01o)x10 nj1 dqjgl fe usl;cbn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elecl*qc 5erof i. ,dq-qpzbd8y62 tron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required hr)s i)uo2t9ia)t : p*bozq +dto accelerate one kilogram of mass from r2btq) )suzhdat i9+ *o:oi pr)est to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, j- oqni;.x- i 9ud.axd6m au1p$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thr4v )xsoxy8:r+a hf)cg ough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest csr:x48v yga x)+h )fomass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from thf*ow4qd yj*,q e Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of *j d4woyq*,fqlight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 8q9qt;ja w o.g3tui1) eplma-0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships jt.3-wlte 8m ia9 ugpoq;)1q aare headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. j1 +0u-k3rhk :v*ov0u7pbellru,,x.v vkpb x How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship rel. vv,kkr0u*-xbh+73bulrx , pl:kj evovp0u1 ative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80ckhfi+d z)-zku l38v7z. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relatf-7vz k3 z+) uld8ihzkive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c.2kg bjcu 5 b/kg+n e oi.ljo-hgmzq-:m./-c+f The spaceship then fires a mockib lfmbe-. -5muk+-.gn2 gojzg/ q :/+jhcissile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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