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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that h4*6eoj b/li qqas no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant ejq/ib4lq 6*o velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimenwng5 o4 z-kt7ih x75sxxw0nv1t was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of 833p dpn sjf+qtheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the folj ,x5kfqm fy(u+ 3qvn(lowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlejm .aj5m;/ rdv.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rela: 9 g6nu zr2hortlf8-ativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativskhxd pjrup(kl81 *n0,1th3j(hi+k r ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatingn95vht 2stmu+op/q r;th m 04f the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in rptt+02r;fv94oq h 5/smnh tmueference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulateg ( (iav+7) avpb:ai awvgf;2z of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ej4 1:im.tq9 lkx:nnpl p3qy5of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse r j7re; )sfwf4jate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of li)j4ej;rff 7ws ght, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a morunt zuba2gkosnx+h:* (-0m 6ving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definexkay fs 1q*-)z0;xinjnnpx4 juc7 w18 a3ur-o d as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes am.g adg53r+s i3:n.qh u8xjgc ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts 33gnq.r8d. 5h jmgi:u cx+gsathat the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary -vkgi1 4v6d :gvb +goq xhns38observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction 5udxuzo.x 66 hnh1k-gparallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a statd5 nu.6xh 6x1 -guozhkionary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vi.(b0evyk-1tv h k ni(elocity that approaches the velocity of light. The ytki-hvibn( 1v(.0 e klength of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lges0*wp jy2tu: z4;gjmdb+ ,uight, the mass of the particl p+w u:0s2dm,btujyg;e zgj4 *e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speejn8l c1fm6 bpb)nle+v ie )(2id of light, the momentum of the partinei8 jb i +c()2e6f)lvl1npbmcle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measur-xcjplg1 /qt7ugxk( 9 e its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, 7 u1g(qc-xjlp9g tx/k you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relatd3 tn/h/qk*d1axk s4tivistic mass d qk*hdkdxn1/3a4t/t s oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relat xa9 9qg0 k* 79xw2 qzep1whn45cxqptci9c1ecqh2p qt 5 7xkaz p g9w94xwn0*qxvistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ouz.-.+ubj2lx;l g 6qnlg6aiof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling ay (m xqh9:hp*u jo/)jh)rjlv z4n;c +kt 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this vel)hp)zhjy/ +o4khq(nrv*9 jx;ju:cl m ocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencmlb5 jl.r lg-wf /wg36e?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spq6:as/ fqd+k 1gxhvo4aceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spf0k y k co1c38-qi/ysreed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at -cr8f1y qkky0i s/oc31.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r/2rxq6t9.zvoa(w h1lya cu *nelative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat91*2 n(uol6yr zwvhxcq/aa. t is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wh05yi whcpzqpxb +7.,c2 /thqujx6o: ;gm0xj gat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is fl0 h.jo x6wt;c +q2, u57qg x bcz:xmjg/iy0pphowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if itqeo5 ,xptcczj: 59 :lo is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate?jco 9cx55 :o:zpe ,tlq

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returnsqqy8:ri sn ,c6 in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spacesiyrq:cn q ,68ship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney,z 3ruvkgy.a-e 40zba6 are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrey. gbar0a 64 uvz-e3kza returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a vqrles ( t;qdnd /l-,:space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of t/ ddeq :vns-t;l rq(,lhe Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengogy vrzy+ dwgs ,3e1p7p ;v(wk x)6)jdth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocketbgt;f ng j /u)n4lh g3gvo,3;o ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengthn/b ut 34 n3vggoo ;gf,hjg;)l (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 mu0.4svrbv aw : when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yov4vw0us r .a:bu?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3xa48v /aih9a)xr r2ol 0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenglho a4 ra2)xa/ri8x9ver on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system83 vck 4atvi4* b3unko is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much tib 4ko 3*3a utn84vkicvme would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sj+;4kp to5sxi r;;jyvolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travely;ri +pkjs;;o5 tj4xvs toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest s)c hti*ow)85ttkck( mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a mvoh *ycsbgx- 8:hn4/ proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, thenf -.lws mn. 3yi7nxc9d your mass will inmdf-c i7wyl39.xnn s .crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ipjls*: m zxs5a;,r ammwpf1* :n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemenq nrjhv9o),0qt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released i w8+eg5e3( oe red wztz89z.uif 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction8zugdw9 .i8e3e(r o we5z+ etz?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at re fjoj i92;+bmist is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was;n-s1y k op)bh dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end bpo)h n-ys;k1World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton islq9ft .+h6tmd 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of9q+.ht6 dl tfm the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton49.xd2h4 jtg80k2p /qo nwftllxqkn6 is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in g.40k2tn/fh kx4l86 lj 2qxp to9dnwq$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) d: p94 kp:ixn(o)alqhwuring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringwsl f;fu .f2lk8 :iln* a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movq 2;fcz m2j0n)+xvtkkpgdy ;: /(jts ming with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to / j(b.bl*t5)dgy0e (rv2 elo opa2 rqvaccelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to vdp qboyb20va25(rr l)j /el*tge.o(a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, c )rp3t*4t oh/xa)hj/ ayg7xc $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increase0y1jgu)8qq es20 j fyjd1 00uef2qy8sjq ygjj) with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95 s7t k/:f9bqnjc. You measure the speed of light 7s:kbf/nt9 qjfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travo,xd nbuliy37/, )r2)bpmnl jeling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is pxbn,dy, )j l o ur7bm32/)niltheir approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is tr-;fpbel d 3ey xa,58lfas 3 lg/mlc nm27r(6nraveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stational apnlcebe7f33-6/ y8 sdax,l5r(f 2 ;mlrnm gry observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Th2gv0q)/8qv k fldaf;ke spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by q0l8 kfv/f2 dk;)qav gobservers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth cp n2 5xmq,u:e3oq wm,with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a nm,u wop,3qxmqe2 c5:missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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