What provides evidence that all li)wigs7x3nl x: fe on Earth evolved from the same population of celxl:g)7s wni x3ls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of vesi5k dej5 /:x*6yzy hqsacles.

  Whose experiments disprorbl;m8j 3 xfqi :5zeq.ved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used i .,vn7 zpktjt+n absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following gpso d 6ig3e43statements are reasons that RNA is believed to be the first geneticp3 ig4g 3sdeo6 material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows th19m /pvp,fow re apparatus used in the experiments conducted by Miller and m p,v19/frpow Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted gjf9b: ivdq /f/nj/w(q v :q:ktheory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced:njvq( qvw:dk/ jf 9b/iq/fg: through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is nof4 nb:2z8*+ )nc- aast iuhxaat evidence to support that the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vzx fna +ta:*h 4a )un2bia8-scents?

Researchers carried out a similar experae4m ircegcf9i(0 k:2:)v2+.r wayxu h4flajiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generati. chu) rwv mcegl:r+a9a 4fa20ky42x ef:ji (ion, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation we 13gjg qeizo8v yczfh7uol /11b 20zb1re replicated by placing broth into various flaskszz/2y1g1 gqz0 f8luei cvo31 jho 1b7b.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of h. l fb;ws5dc 0gt6.jwi/lp27wob lz9Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the func6c 0l bh;j59. 2wi.tlw wzfs7b /pldgotions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.