What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolvea,sa nl)sg f23d from the same population of celnaslgfs )2,3a ls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of vesicles.99t n4 j)dcx iemo 2kk+yz66nt

  Whose experiments dispuc/3s-xri b5b1e kj4yroved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute da dtf.) kxkx0r2ting of fossils?

  Which of the followi-jteno cvl8u49 a/-*sgu*cv m86l cpvng statements are reasons that RNA is believed to be the first genetic matcvu 6josvu/l8c-* ve* 489p-gcnlmaterial?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the appa(er* 7uou /, zit;luo:cy: rygr64 zraratus used in the experiments conducted by Miller cou/ z:u*:rl,i6r;eu 7tza(yyg 4 orrand Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalm0deq t7vqu ck;8p d,fh*eb13 ism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living muhe*d1qf7t 8d03;pk ,mveb qcatter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to s in-eycrfb:-* zw7 ( h:w;icwrupport that the last universal common anhnrc(i e:*:zc-rfww-;ywi b 7cestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis ir +b2io3vp8vhdrpej 8j*(o/Pasteur’s famous experiment d +*v8/beo(jpi or3vpr2jdh 8iisproving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experim8aly2 rogqi naslvrpjg311f9t6 0 .5ments disproving spontaneous generation were replicaterlm8yji1r nglv6 pg3saqf 0a 5ot2.91d by placing broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a phoh qyncl0 .uaw8/tub 59tosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can carry oaly.cn9wq u8h/5b 0tu ut all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.