What provides evidence that all life on Earth ev ) ( pfv6ih si6.qhfjmsc5y-u6q/s: zcolved from the same population of cez65ci vi6 p6qj m:(usqshhcfs.-)/yf lls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of vesick q.cnm4r ;,wr;um 9trles.

  Whose experiments disproved spon1(xqu3n7ywi7 o2ebwfjwq, uh(l(h 1 ytaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute dating o(brf w214grnpf fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA is believed to zcezq 5tdj+en4v5m /* be the first genetic materia 4jze* mzetq5dv/5+n cl?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the expekn 7 g i2k+rbsaa6q-9priments conducted by Miller andi2psr 6n9akqg- +b7ak Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely o bvhgjsx; e0twa7k2x-w/ 1 /saccepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those fountw/7o v0e sk; w2bgh- x1js/axd in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to vrh7ter;*h;1 l(v .kwrh fu6 gsupport that the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emergedvg*h;h6wrrlfh1(t e; v7.r uk at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar t9o+,cmpo9 yzexperiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disz pcyt 99+moo,proving spontaneous generation, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disubd 4peg klnm fa384,+proving spontaneous generation were replicated by +mglnpe ,a83 44dfbukplacing broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a wl;lu87 (qvr3cjoyly-99bbw zm 3a 2wphotosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the funcy 8w379m(r;vl3z qo- 9w2y bwljlbuactions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.