What three processes can inqbqe(ptl 9r0 :crease variation in a population?

  Which of the following statement(s) ar u/p,ko*r zw64bryphb99com) e possible consequences to a polypeptide if a base u49w ck/b *prmhr bzy6,oo9) psubstitution mutation occurs?
I. A shorter polypeptide chain is translated
II. An altered polypeptide chain is translated
III. There is no change to the polypeptide sequence

  The DNA sequence shown has been taken froe hlli, i;/,fam exon 1 of DNA within the human insulin gene. Which sequence corresponds to a deletion mutation in the sequeilhel/; aif,, nce?

  What is a possible cause of a ge18bs+dub vn4enetic mutation?

  In species that do not carry out sexual reproduction, what is wpp y23x 4yd:-*nurtza possible cause of varz p :*dyr yx-3wu4p2tniation?

  Shown below is the singl 5-v-pe;b nvhie base substitution mutation that causes sickle cell anaemia in individuals who are homozygous for the al-ibhv-;e nv5 plele. Which of the following is a result of this mutation?

  Which statement about mutations in ghu+xp4yj3q2h erm and/or somatic cells is correct?

  This table is a short se (aatxcwo1,m2 ction of the output from a DNA sequence database comparing the cytochrome C gene sequence in two species. What does it shc2,a a1mo(txwow?

  A population of plants with no resistance to herbivores may devea 6ny6trq5 0cn l lh7bz/3-gaelop into a population n65tcgl0ab z e6lr/ a-n7hyq3of plants that secrete a compound toxic to herbivores. How could this change occur?

Different species of living organisms have different numbers of genes xm(oe- vfdy/z, pa p.wtox(,e as*)n3 characteristic to them. The table shows the estimated number *ap tyx.e nzd, m o)p((awexfso3- v,/of genes for five species.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.

2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

1.Outline the outcomes of the Human Genome Projd i25(9gjp z ostay*bs9l8io0ect (HGP).

2.Variation sometimes refers to the differences between individuals of the same species. Describe the role of genes in variation.

3.The frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher in regions of the world where malaria is prevalent. Explain the cause of sickle cell anaemia and the correlation between the frequency of the sickle cell allele and the prevalence of malaria.

1.Describe how a mutation may be a sx4+wws(x f0ahilent mutation.

2.Outline five causes of gene mutations.

3.Compare and contrast the consequences of mutations in somatic and germ cells.