Which term describes t+tjve)n2 i:clhe splitting of water molecules in the presence of light to nlevjtc2+: i)produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation dun / g*/ qnv4 mp2g0bc572v ilji0swwkkring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimth3:i ((rt.z/ 2pobua ur5jmsent investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value t/uotr s.:t 52(hm3(pjb aiurzhroughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? * ,ek*mzvd4kkcy 8t4dx-xf9g2:oqjs

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloro ddbu5e:t y+r:plasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. by: rd5eutd+: A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows par dn.-s:uqy mi51zq+a9bmkl9q+dc0b gt of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast labell9-a.n9+bzm+dd uiy gq5lkq1 bm: qc0sed X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures. q,m wvm.z he rh( jck:x 9qqk(a;db:4;

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on t 3t7 o(5i;2vpu3 x:xqkk q3vf5cbnti fhe rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur g0tsr ,ec7 ocfp*( 85dgl v 9dswpp+3nin the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly sho,sjrya xx y0z:(6 ax4cws where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynth0 (s6ya:azrxj ,cx4x yesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractivrh m)i)b7g6 vpe houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the /yb-z+ki;y+woe tw li4 eple/5fl05 vlight-dependent reactions for photosynthesi+b4zeltok5e/ -i5eww y;f ill0 + /pvys?

  Which of the following correctly describes photos+en 7b hn84vmeynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurrj2/ w b26qrbdq /i4yyjing in this light-independent reaction of photosyn/i/jdqwr4j2 yy2 q b6bthesis?

  Which structure of the chlmasj (js2c(* zj+j)kcoroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP(*2c j( )jj c+azskjsm and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthsho2asilt6s+*l5- )st tgu-t etic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone. -lss-hto*2t6s la i5gut st+)

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the i2t ph8x3ipxy4a cp/dd95q6 ljmpacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbopp24 dty 5 6q 9axld8ixph/c3jnic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correc,q4,eog wd /t0jxh /hst range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by4/w q0oghdjh tx,se/, chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced iva-pf6* c22 9av / v6tlukptnyje-k*xn the presence of lig9venvcka-t2-* 6f6t kpj/ x2ulv *ypaht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid mem (-wjkek v,xvyic441o-x 6bz fbrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosyntk1-yo vjxk x-4zv ef ,i46(cbwhesis?

  What is the process that takee6uic8 yq0uv +s place before excited electrons are transferred from u6+0qivec y8uphotosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloropladiyn37zsb3hc;daz 29 st does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylata32bdz;y73 z i9cshndion?

  Which products are formed at the er4 m)rjg :,z3m lpy0;85nozp qgao1spnd of the light-dependent and light-independent reactionsaro43: 0gpg,mn8s1l q r jmzyzo ;5p)p?

  Thin-layer chromatogrymu. spt3q,u 3aphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments au3yu t.3 qps,mre present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastru-q)kgsx h v/f.cture of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosyno sy.u+ 4.3 xmodjxm3ithesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions xe;h )pxlf9 x;av5jv8.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expe)r *1v6c aqunm(fh4d g/l8ehkdx;b :mriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carboh qd8 / m)n4e(f hcrlkambgx ;vu:*61dn dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystemgklkjrv;ir 9lgv-q6 v0mb9k.; ,1vlb II, and what form is it found ikvri 9j6 g;vklq;1, v9rlmbgk-blv. 0n?

  What were the results obtained from the loll;ye5fq9*pop 1rnxlo :ipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order ypfep5*;orno9q : l 1xof the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?