Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pr 5(.m il8y-yb/uev2egm tavd 2esence of light to producelety m d v-ib(58ga2ve/u y2.m electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is invodao*u;3roii+psi 2 q0f7b3yelved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an expe p)j c5c6q2z4ulh+ zwveeg e7 :8mbrm5q9yg)qriment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particularrbz+8 wug 6)chq4jepe7z5c :vgq 5my9m )qel2 experiment?

  What does X represent?y f8/a *z4jd3cwqf+ lh*0qikb

  The Hill reaction shows electron /w)kqx,p wcfv ew/n2 1transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the nat12 w /xknp /qfvwc)w,eural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows parh) lzq k,v3+oicm9;ert of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloropla ,zh)+3cirek9q;mo vlst labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at difvsw0 l44 vjb.jferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rahl us(,r0 y+qlte of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycle.)y0k1tdwi *p3cm i )d, j-waat
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shauw1-5 6duf6tqmo8v j ows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynth-dt oqj6mafuu5v1 w86 esis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplqh 5mft8c+3avant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ioni;wg1h.q3em) b mfrp) s in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthfh biqm. pw3em))rg;1 esis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosh ka) rn:- 2-p-bdgti, )vwmgrynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent r,-b oqet2 pa2eeaction of photosynthesis,oet bep-a22 q?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the p6 :w vb5,(lpla:xuk xcroduction of reduced NADP a v:5 kup(wx: ax6l,lbcnd ATP?

The diagram shows the separy4sd1) o3su- b wy7mqtation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techsu3d7bt1m -q4y ow)y snique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynth59,kndkl1po5icc /g iesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conicc/1c5gkp o9nk ld ,5iial flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the co+)dxuczlyegvxc , 6ho) +w34:f3exugrrect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthes,d wvy):ch3+4+x ucu eolex6)g3x gfzis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the pwdm5 imy)*f n*resence of ligi5d*mmyn* )fw ht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a promw fcj/.rrv7oka;:c( ton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the l fk7v:amo /rr.jwc;(cight-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited e926xwh ea i7b 4lt.a 1jyjp0eslectrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem4w py7jh9l2a0ijs6txe b1 . ae I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast doesxm/p9sk32 nsl ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylat x3 9lsp/nksm2ion?

  Which products are formed at themqn -ly41 ols3 end of the light-dependent and light-independent rs-lq1omn43 l yeactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic-b7lrrbty(ot m 9;cwul.+ i*r pigments. Below iyrrw;rb( 7l.mltic9 ou*b- +ts a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows thexc / u;5l*ucih7xi+fh ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectru yb 7:z;fs.xcxrlae 2t1 )id8om for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactifpufd7s1 poi o5y x53*f1kvr8 ons.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to pc bior)fk (,aql 5q2)predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, whenr,)pb (5qa lq)ifk 2co conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and whav vd 8op1 4vefzvv(u5a cdm;:ccd241g t form is( occv d4;vvazg c1dfmveud8 512v4p: it found in?

  What were the results obtained from thxu 8 ,tv;lsppp.s3oka0* (x:mwtof/ b e lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent r/(to,b*k:uxwsf s lo .tx3 a0mpp8;pveactions of photosynthesis?