Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light tk* jpat */975 hicsd)c7npashm32p kdo produce electrons, hydrogen 3c7 khkts*is/ppj *da 2a9)nc d7p5mh ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the followingzk :1f8ktwgf 1 is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect o3pcmp*lh7f 6piv j .jbj) 3ep uw6nle86yh5)rf temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of tj3)6w7m )elrub v*l35pn.ih8ppyep6j f h jc 6he following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represensmj5 y- mpw4g4t?

  The Hill reaction shows electron trayn4 looqq4q4/v ge+2k nsfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the f +kyoleg44qqo v 4/2nqinal electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whi6u hoxnex;gi 0 9k8+nich of the following struhneg068u;k xo 9ixi+nctures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate o .ox 9zlf6/s-.vfqw vnf photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynytdi0nl/i 5y6gp(e 5othesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes o0xf6,ptr,egq mi zc0z /dhq2;ccur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following cw r5mkj(9, al9vz+ dcporrectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynt czvd9+r k5pm 9w(ja,lhesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant n;,m q tb5jag-with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions inrpl2h) 0e ukt)hc4u454dcj;mdrv-j b the light-dependent reactions for phothc ) ;u2rtpjv4ke-5 )rl0hd44c jdubmosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiratio gwb/ 6a70.rmwjt w1)) ht4t;kyadxfon?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indepeg zeq surkzw dp(k95j:d7 jc vs/q64-/ndent reaction of photosynthesis?j7s:4cd6wk sre jz-z v59q/uqk( /pdg

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mostp*oi9so:v 3u 8.vpnkfl 3t ai+ involved in the production of reduced NAp8o+93 ankovit: vl pi*us3f.DP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments usin ,4o 5a3zt7 rxlnh6ci-v3ciihg the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the soztl5hi37 ac hiv-o4r,x63cn ilvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation intoc/vitpb o5g -6r xdvi )7yj0 a10c7dyb the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, eix0 bc7y do/6p0d-gb 15crvi 7 jva)tyach containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of;b dgv9t/7/s nb0qdad wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlo adg/9 v/nb 0q;t7ddbsrophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds a(v* j,ep b1x +mcx)5rdrcl 7oey( l)uzre produced in the presence of light)(ldrxb vje(,+*py5 o mxc1c)erzl7u.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across ) ol 92.1tqws(: x/ lywvlusjkthe thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of p.2v os:xl wt19 sq ky/w)ju(llhotosynthesis?

  What is the process thazj :/i npgl5nlze*3,et takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosys: eni, lj5ln3z*gez/ptem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bi7gu7sokj5f ng;w v:3wsphosphate undergo carboxylation?w7sg:ovu;gnj5 7 f k3w

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-depende o22njqv(qjce0+sn +b nt and light-independenes (2 vn jqcnj2o+q+0bt reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosyntheti6pyhd pu z82.uc pigments. Below is a diagram sphyd.8 puu 26zhowing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows thr5.ux z;b jtq0e ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action +pp4 os g fd--w3cbp0vspectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respirak b dh+y*)8izqtion are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experu(jy2b(4sj q(jb- m qriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experim(u-(jjb m 4 yb(qs2qrjents, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is thexnr; 6:g3kepxqv+l. l; swz2 v3og8 /7 hehzgz role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is e7;3r:g6 z8 szxwk.qhhxgvl /gp o n;e+3zv 2lit found in?

  What were the results obtaineivn f3-asv /6ud from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reaction/3vnv -6is fuas of photosynthesis?