Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presencp-6x)c zh hct 4:b1njre of light to produce elect-1c6 rjhh) zcp4tb nx:rons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following3l8h 6a(t l4kdupnj2yjm hb65 is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment inve sgc zcc-hd7z0m+6)qestigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant s)zz+gcc6 qm-7 0cdeh value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representa y y s858 h4x5/fa9puwn2tgix?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts fcgh y3r4 )i 7h.3wvfrior the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead ofcw.yfrg3rh3iiv 7h)4 the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whifq rk u);50ji (gpigb)ch of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplas) g(q5f pig0ibu )kr;jt labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photo :waenvd s8xvb*0-8 z1dbifr.synthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesfqc.,tpx.v0j-w8 ljs k h,e2tis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occurx)e q s9e3;:irt hz-ar in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly showsg9 qx3z 7wmvl( where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthes wl v39z7mx(qgis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attract: kl-hsww 0as)ive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in9fypds fep:wtw u7/i ;: pjj)/ the light-dependent reactions for photosynt;9/jpfip:pw tu )df7wy se:/jhesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respirationdo68s+- 4znuvouz8fj ?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is5jq0s 4)pjpo 4igty(w occurring in this light-independent reaction of photos4qi oj pj)w0sytg5 4p(ynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mo24yo;i;ybk;xdus d:hst involved in the production of reduced NADP b2ik:u ;oyy;dh4;sd xand ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-0xppnub ;css;w1 czmok 5 /78z)yx. sklayer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.m7c)xsyc/ w;sb xkz; pn8. uos z1pk05

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the ratmhex/y9ud)u*: ub 2vge of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a/2ub)eh:d9* ygvuu mx solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the cq-fk j m*w0m4gorrect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and refgf0mmw4 - qkj*lected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process wherei 4lrzwd34fp kdv14:.arz6 vf carbon compounds are produced in the presence of li13lfvw.z vid :4af6rp4 dz k4rght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane +6u+1 riaac ev7a:ig )fz2blv in the light-dlvrva2 ci:+a 16)7uz +gaibf eependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that tak*qp71gnjy,8m ,bx o:a ezi1v les place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photomb,7 ,pxgovy j1:1z8q la* niesystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulosekb a.p+6 i1n5o6 wekrp bisphosphate undergo carboxylatio1rp6 6kabn5 e+.wkiop n?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dep9zlk 1d68lm dhendent and light-independent reacti1dlzmk 6d9 8lhons?

  Thin-layer chromatog/bcfwq3f*6qkf2oofjy :t( ; co+aj2jraphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf exjjct;o*b3q ( oj:c +f6 o2fa/kw2fyf qtracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a hq(fc8t8a3e- t s+ps v*kfmk* o85n brchloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the a)v/ot8 +htkugction spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enz3oe6gzva. 8 ucyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used tx.c8 8knk3av i1ab5jz o predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment exc35 kvibzaxn1 8a.8j kperiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form isrppz4dsb9 3l 7 it forp4d bp9zl 73sund in?

  What were the results obtained from the lez8d ,zo fc9.gb w9rf0ollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthe8d0,rcz zo99gbe fw. fsis?