Which term describes the splitting of water*p) srsgvgor6qlfj;8i-9 hb2 molecules in the presence of light to produce electro ) p*j-shsl 6rqg28v i9orb;gfns, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbonxepwo s,w fx/+(f3w+kg9mgn , fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the kx:w/i9 bm l9zqm )92y+bbycleffect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which oy q kb:ymml99 / +)ibzlcwxb92f the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? je1:9v 2ae as7vx7z,sc(oc tl

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lro-m;lp) o+2jf61)ap ej/ 5k jp ywafzight-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dicwy)rj 2m5/ ;l eo)fpkajpp6oa+jf 1z-hlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a ch4mq4p-z.38smtsx ctsgzg f0 r.qh )h (loroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are fougt z.pmmf8 0qh43ts-)g 4(xrzq hs .scnd in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperai2lond3n f 1mu2*8m lotures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.nri 9pmtvt4 ta26niagje(zm.+ 8:e4 y

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in thf 7x5 cck47/xm(itqqzexf6 60bz(qd xe Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takspu u;8s4 dps7es place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirp us4; pdss78uation?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves.g xkz i3:a,8jv1a;ijs

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hyd) s hk.pnr ,tm0vy(bh(i+m79dq +lys0zob:d frogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyntzkfd+h si)nby70o y.trsmb 0+ldq(,h pm :v (9hesis?

  Which of the following corrv b+3-ijplr0 rectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of ph0 x,p2tklwb6 potosynthesis? l pbw0k xp,62t

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production o. tl3nyq-kj/ 1hx1fiuf reduced NADP and3 y-n.ft /xkjq1lih u1 ATP?

The diagram shows the separation ofkebsxhw-: 2d:9z+ dw9s-eg rb photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromato99w skb2z-ee-x:hrd+sb wgd:graphy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the imp(cb*mxef8k. t(w )ogc acts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a nfxgwe.mb( o )c(k*ct8 umber of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of waveln5tkcin)bv c; 3v)8nsqde) j onb5o7*engths of light that are absorbed and reflected bnoet87;5cqjo)5)bvsc nkn3)nv di* by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are pro+s w1gvos 4d c3.oiowcs*1gd3duced in the presence of lig1s 3wig41odc 3gdwc.ov * s+osht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to genergf5qten.l 3xz+q v9(oate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?z539oqx t +.qnflg(ve

  What is the process that takes place before excited electron2 hur0in( u(or7h/px.c evwj6s are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem (up7hoxr (6. r/e vc0uiwnh 2jI?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo c hbx-f.h,d,v++gqte hee6 a1narboxylation? ,6dhfhebghen+ x ve+a-,q.1 t

  Which products are formed at the end of the lighg :xyn jot67z 01a,xbwt-dependent and light-independent reactio 7ongbaxtjx 0 z1,6wy:ns?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetfx u- cct tlxy0 4*a ;9nq6gsoq-0fue+ic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are *cgn 4c+uxqot6l0uqs f ax;90-fey-tused to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below showsa+, tpsgre2hls2rr 997yub(y the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for btoa y0xnk3 . rwpxsox99 g8(n(vn9e *photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactionwu 3,/ls2m zdts.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmen lzv r)3rg75ha1v+ gm)m8izu nt experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantaz1m nu7m)g5lv8gv+ iarhzr 3)ge of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon diox nt)k5+vw93g)0ey0 :qdt hozjszlx7hide in photosystem II, and what form is it found in09qsjg7ywk x d 5 oz0vtl zhen+3):)th?

  What were the results ob9; try 5w2xumbtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis9ybwrm25 t ;ux?