Which term describes the splsvopq,vn 3ph2oy-68 r6u/ao qitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molep2osq ovpya3/r8o q6hn -uv ,6cules?

  Which of the following is involved in carb rd)c1j f.95fz6rl sed nf1 q*o)hn:rbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the e(jhk*q-gb jamg)9 ig;0+v yk;2zgk heffect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the folye2hk;v+;kg(j kq ggh)- iz a jm*9g0blowing is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?sz agu 6:,giv3

  The Hill reaction shows electron traxcu pia 66)p8mnsfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptopcp mxi6a6u)8 r. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the fj)6ex8+:u d.c , st ujow0 1bgzp0jjgtl:6vgm ollowing structures are found in the part of a jjem t j tc:6bpl0. , xudz1vjo06 uwgs)g+8:gchloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different 6wes zu ,xj;9k(5 s,c il4,wk-b 4de d6lqeelutemperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the1tudroyug)r03xhy )8 l. y6ri rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur ii . zu pzygz5uz(m0:s:n the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in v.4*th8x8rorki1 +b jvnb ku 0photosynthesis and aerobic cell *j4vxkuh.ki 8 n+1bro08rvb trespiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red agm l/wnbt-. )e9m. j)5hr qszleaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent react4 :aq 4vqkk.8s8jrpftions for photostv :4rk4j s.qa8fpkq8ynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly desc3/a1nq,slh;t hs2ody kr+3z rribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photoj6sncr; p8z )(m3qvb wsynthesisb3p6 z(); rnjwvc m8qs?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in th /w:xm*xlj,1lb)xby 41 iwekwe production of reduced Nxb4 m) el,w:/ j* x1wxblik1wyADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separasbnf6fc8e7:s 3mc n 1ktion of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) 8:sk31cbcsn m67 ffn etechnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impactsjbmm/q,j4gy- h1su q2snp 6uo,s21d q of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing /1jqdgp-,1smm4uu hs6, 22sqn jy qbo a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents tzez ziu8n21)3ayj (yihe correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chloroph3zy( uzi1)nyjza ie 82yll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produgh/oi / zwz: ;m9k.iswced in the presence okzm s/.z hw:wi;9/i ogf light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid stru e.nsr(svxy(k 9.n7:ex 6membrane in the light-dependent reacx:ns .7.( 6(r9eks uytenrxvstions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes placepi3p6qndace5 lkp 66 67akfw2drb /1x before excited electrons are transferred from photosysteme5k61r6kqpd3pd 2wpb a66 a clix7f/n II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undeg r 3j1r/tmr:orgo carboxylationgr:3to 1jm/rr ?

  Which products are formed at the +o, ea)fjz2 uunop62cend of the light-dependent and light-independent reajaz2cp+ u2efo ),u n6octions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to see h4c8bgyljs lg8/ bd c6d:1d;7n6q czparate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the l 8g;qy7dh c4c 16b8nld/cglez s:bdj6eaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the udsez c kdnh5r;) :*/m59px 6nk)haxk sltrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum +zf,e 0:ow(w2y qc rxawiuh0(x 5l3bh for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiratioj,qujq5 ;xl 6sn are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future ratesu. af+js zolc/-0p+x l of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of .0 /+xzul os+cplfaj -the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem 8 ,lo 7k+srywqj whs;*8iyzq0 II, and what form is it founr0skqholj7is ; yq,wy88 +z*wd in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Caicifda.h )3aaq ( tan6hd; :i3lvin to determine thaaci 6d(3q.; )a i3 iahtdn:hfe order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?