Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presencif; t)x d1v-,yylu,dy;pq 7o ee of light to produce elec pdqv-;eyu,,y;fo 1)tdl x7iytrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation du5 awfti(.m9a6ay d5xsring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows abt ny*g6 *nf/qn experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at q*b*ynn/ fg6t a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? mqkn; 0g +qnbfq ;/r1x6r3 je9v3pkdc

  The Hill reaction shows elecivy/tu9l/* ln 7,v lc6s4ijwltron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the fiillyc/4/vv7,win tlsl*j6u9 nal electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below sh8,l cl;z iiljzgund-u :.8 dt6ows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chlorop dl,c-glzi;uu 8i:6jtz.n dl8 last labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at d6z12iifhgx) gifferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of phou e*/-y gy1jtntosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycle. vbzy81+,s kb-ed7e m7sn jnb2
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following coun06 ier-bdwu :dk:ky0v2 hv/ rrectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell ru/id h:ye6 n20k0wbvu- dv:k respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractivepv3+w q7/ vhlb houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sournc7ewc4cp,k l1.8xklm bi .) yce of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for phot1k 8 ccl)y4le7.wmpbx,icn. kosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiratiav(u6 taxdb80ab * z.con?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of lu+2jlfs yh.u) 0sob, photosynthesi l,0uh.)o sy+s ulfb2js?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of .m,u.cd0 g:.jjghxjj reduced . xgm,jjjj.uh cdg0:. NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using4yv7b9pt(w iq the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique i7yv9 iqwpb(t4n the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of cli o 7.x5kzj,7j fo7bwgcyj1pj 2w 3kj0rnf()xc mate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water joob5z f17jx)c.,yp 27fjk07kg(3jj ncxr ww and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the corres* b-2s brt9)pum k)ebct range of wavelengths of light that are absor* sb2smu k-b) 9b)terpbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds anghv0 q9f1, esnfgbfomw- ,:7re produced in the presence of ln, hwms91n:e0fgqfg -f b7,voight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate8zw 6:8 ajkz78jumd nu a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the dz6a k8u87jzu8 jwmn:light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before exeh i8g+jx h*bgb-d i (dk63fp5cited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosyst+g8-gh d6*k epxhdjfi(3b 5 biem I?

  In which structure of the chl l/nx6-ewbh c-oroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylationbw/ -l-ncx6 he?

  Which products are formed at thebyn g 79i q*m7pxdl:h ndi0,2p end of the light-dependent and light-independent id277b0:,mpin*l dqx9 yhnpg reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosy4)) jocdsf;vg nthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present )v 4 sofc);dgjin the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shoia1*4xxj6o1ap0 ilc fws the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the act5,*q6 .f, lw8m fkydutdbp *vlion spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactami z.*jk2m 7yions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expe4(i5s dknf vr*riments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantar vk54*dn is(fge of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what f7ffyi b -exht;6o.k e(orm is it f.e t(e6k;foyih7x -bfound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enable 1 o.1imko)xsru*4dfdd Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of p o)xd f*s1i1od.4rkm uhotosynthesis?