Which statement best describes the os5u3.g3l2qf / ytk3uct7hn+nnj z (ztnmolarity of a solution used to bathe organs for use in organ transplatnzfn yz335gt+h k j72ul3u n(t.n q/cnt procedures?

  Which is the most likellgclw) g+(-ut y solute potential (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplanted and is sto sq /y/*5go( arhmgpx)j9v 8jtred in an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Which of the following may result if the heart is not stored in ano8vy/p h5jqg9) / ma( sg*txjr isotonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions(xji;ef2qsmatg15t fg:s m9 + intravenously as part of a medical treatment. One patienqm9mxj ;t5e1+( iag2f fgt :sst had a generally negative health outcome while the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from both patients and then viewed through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in a human being is likely if the inb/yil:1 c9x.-o * 2jawgitckydividual is given a hypotonicg i /iy.blycc kox29-:1ajw*t solution intravenously?

  The diagram shows the se5z wycyfcm2d3wk8 1)btup for an osmosis experiment. The potato tissue was placed in a solution of unknow d1y mcybk2wf z)3cw85n concentration for 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blood cells placed in three different solutions )rwixs nvvh+a1qown-xf +r5)8c8(tc as seen under the light microscope. Which type of solution were the cells shown in mirt 8 8) hxs(i1wfcow) r av++vqnc-5xncrograph A most likely placed in?

Membrane transport is important for allowing particles to move acromqcjct3q5,4acjo fa iw8 4 v-:1j3hvuss the cell membrane and respond to changes in the chemical composition of the extracocc 8-jj:jvui4hwvqfc3aa53 qm4 t1,ellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or equaq zie 7:1q7 ry6:pjukttion for water potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios woulbq07 2yust8l wq.nz4rd result in the highest rate of diffusion for a cel swqn4r 27q .yt8l0ubzl?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue thaknl6xc +v)j3k1 dzl3+n q/znqt has been placed in distilled water. Which is the correq1lk z3n3xn6+k nvdzl+ c)q/jct reason for the movement of water from the distilled water into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change in mass of a pota v5d6cf3u9 rxd;p8 ,cp. dlxsyto slice (%) at different concentrations of sucrose sol6.8,lvy;5 sd u39p cdcfdrxpx ution (mol dm$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental set-up, in which direction will there be a net 8xr 27 hqvl.x;dr7y qpmovemenylvdq 7.x72qr p 8rxh;t of water?

The micrograph shows onion epidermal cell 5hz/,woezwnzz rd 58y;+d-p ss.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders in a hypotonic solution and 13 potato cylmb+/j0cymz c5ak w37 w gt4ct;inders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and standard erro;tj/w mgccy 5 t7k4a +3b0cmwzr. Below are the results. Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the response of red bloj xa n-vnsd625od cells when placed in differjnad5s2x6-n vent solute concentrations.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of. gz gm*z ) lft(.z-kzqgiu4)vkt/th/ solvation.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.