Which statement best describes the osmolar.c2l l c x-vrf,sy4jyipwxw c1n7-73 bity of a solution used to bathe organs for use in organ tra1-cixj4pf7nw3ccrsxy ll .- 2v,7ybwnsplant procedures?

  Which is the most likely ( t )k p9k2)*ldsjuxz aro/d2dsolute potential (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplantedz l1e6 s vu43ujsqiv() and is stored in an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Which of the following may result if the heart is not stored iv 6) (zue 31qsjlsu4vin an isotonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions intravenously as part of a medical tr5s jvc th/muaqvk3*1x / vx;g,eatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome while the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from both patients and then viewed c,msj;hxt gav1uv 3xqv//k 5*through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in a human a(t rh98hyt52-c *r,zno eifibeing is likely if the individual is given a hypotonic solutio 5(8f 9n ocirehi*2,hy-tzt ran intravenously?

  The diagram shows the setup for an osmosis experiment. The potato tisscmg2;whk( u3lxsb;/ lue was placed in a solution of unknown conc; /kslc;x h 23mbwgul(entration for 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blood cells placed in three different soriy +ui sc1te9 ,txk:2dd4te7lutions as seen under the light microscope. Which type of solution were the cells shown in micrograph A most likely placed in?dy+ucet:tte 721i ,ir9xks d4

Membrane transport is important for allowing particles to move acr b5nipu88 qyz0r z3oq--6w ywzmiyh)0 oss the cell membrane and respond to changes in the chemical compositionio wy3-- 0q80bquy p)8h5n mzzyizw6r of the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or equat 4wg9j -jmehk*ion for water potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios would result eys;ha +2fj-g8asi,b in the highest rate of diffusi;saj+ ,g2 yfh8ei sa-bon for a cell?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue that has been xqx: -;9ty0csbj.gh hplaced in distilled water. Which is the correct reason for the movement of water from:qh-xgj.9 cx0h ;ytbs the distilled water into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change in mass of a potatorgrt/7 rw(lakh46froai5 a. : bk ):mn slice (%) at different concentrations of sucrose solution (mol rn6abr:k/)(4g m57r fh .:aolw tkira dm$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental set-up, in;x*q.+z :9i irtxptqa7sewm4 which direction will there be a net movement of watexsrewq i* tp:aq9xi.4 m+t;z7r?

The micrograph shows onion epidermal cm vy p81pal2,,l.lshuells.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders in a hypotonic solution and 13 potato shem8d: bqtc ,v/3-pj cylinders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and standard error. Below are the results. 3h8bj d q tem,ps:/cv-Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the response of red blood cells when placed ie, ,u2av.1dvg n8,omywp0c ufn different solute ovuy 80,2fp1 g dmwevun.,a,cconcentrations.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvati1z6e,yy + ba, qohr4qii.voc2on.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.