Suggest which of the following m xha bdp n(rk-)-qm nkly, 5a.7ow0r4iight influence a person’s environmental value systy k4onmk(0,p.xhra7ian-5bw r l-)q dem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washin2g jht.a ,n g6uo,ui(yg machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following env gkkw3lm8 3 ke1ns6;uq2v pv:tironmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and S8kplk :vsu3;mg126qw3 n k vtepace-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" zn g tc;,c8gp:2shp q)




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentc/ 8dbif+n fug0f kb,-dzy89 xrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems modela(:dh(up wkiy)i9rsnxddn) *+f o3p( -b ftf2 for developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlaxfg 1pg5 ni(scpjqe2,/4g t8ontic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental vdxs65 v1cqkmq p(vs-1alue system.What is input and outsk6q( sq1cv-dx1 5mpvput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value snr .h1vwcv( ltx2:9z4bsf 5u hystem’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing a denpf mf2e;93 06akibn environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic)vmbg u by7 b.g. ezsmw)*esbqg/(-;o value.

  Identify which of the following statements is mosoc :c0az6sd/x kp 7/rckg6/hht closely associated with an anthropocentric enviro/xkoc 0ch 6/z/pcrs :ahk7dg6 nmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Ka*zhw, ubqg18 qtowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit icd ie0wv uc1jv gbvuv 8/16r75n Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their polve rcvdu wcbg15/670vui18j vicies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai,vnnc/0 b:9-p:lubifxo.* zx0xn 6cxtns i-m






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern-cyfuop- * l3b view of env*-3ub - yplcofironmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a clka,p;/un7at n hs+g .orrectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a cloi 5idueaqp t+pqggj7 g(7;s/8 sed system makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmenta4 as2oq4 3iugel value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used t6 wg7y 4drmhk:o help people understand complermdh:k7 4y6wgx workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investukpp :.mbp0xz: k30 oiigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a syste 9*0ahpmsu* /98notbwzcy 70v5 saa gcms diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the (drxjy)i (ywkw bii88b h,d(.carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an enrr((e0 pzwii lbe olw;/2ia1 0vironmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems diagram?ktqe 2t fz0z,6

  Figure: Movement of carbon through the caroccnxe9g/f17nm ;c.h bon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree k/ yxsrs;bvel6 8sb70

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt :dcz ywqfysd +2un+ 5psu0:f6marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，d8p8lx d* u,alOutput ，Both inpu*xu8a, 8 dlpldt and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transform .4cn4xm viz)aation.

  what is Positive feedback loops4 yuc/ 0-l (0hsyd2qjzld-y fc...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the followinn tg5(z1mw3,+hob fwbkc5l; dk i5ru2g is likely to lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densitieo91f prphf6 8vs of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about fee52: 8ytklzrqzj6m 8cjdback is not correctly paired with the ej8rz8jl c65yzk2q m: txample?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succe 9fqoc 3g;b,gk*7ug r-jkzwi7ssion that is most likely to show resilience and the ability to withskz; c g-bgufo r 73j7kqiw,g*9tand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example ofe f0ruyp5ow b1 v 8s+z*n/5pln a negative feedback mechanism.+ *wznr1spp v5/0yu85feobln

  State which of the following il 2jfgxi-bavzkl+30d.z2wn:wbw6 ( v5 h hju0s not accomplished by an Environmental Impact Assessw2jkh 0-f2x3db(5: hb6zul+nvvg0aw.j l i z wment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections9gn5v 4/pou(y a 5t 8mg+:9wy1it frhk*ohnd n of the area depending on the type of wood and theip/(:aoykvntih mu*hny5 f8 +5r 49go1ngtw d9r growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabilit .k:t8 o zcvd+lf9gzn4y.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classificai .gl t/w+gp2xtion of ecological goods that can produ . w/igtlg2+xpce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resource con6t. :cru fo7,qst;bks my3az .sumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmenta( vrs8uc29k kjl Impact Assessment) is usually carried out before a major construction project is underjk9us(8 krc2vtaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per cb2tal z oo,2c3apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not co mtaf/02+2rxgb9i 6-qsz/kq4go qj:( lz bcggrrectly paired with how it affects sustainabilityqzk4fi(2szr0 /gl c2a9g bq-t /+6x m:obgjgq.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a g( af*ymv8uq3q(mr2 lway to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per cahym4 sk215v;r) rui qgpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the fon4rv/i)z x:l ollowing is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita0 5oen5hm bk4c 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that isdlsiqw0 nc9g8bq 6,4y not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plaq, 8v2o vwng)87ehl mzyq-u.vnt in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disasm7y ue .8go 8hvqvz,l )vqw-n2ter.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term a9wpj7-ep w 9 jr;o)hyund the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlo/* r0op5jww 1znt9fo2nn kcq8rodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per cha7pj g s:vv82wr g9*c+dfxj.apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at P pjekonwu +wd+z 9,9(oalmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per c,u0*o4apvhl ixy lz(,apita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per cl .d(7wy mpy9 .mqaza6yh0ld4 apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.