Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s m -mg txk1,6srenvironmental value systemgm,r-k1 mst x6:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing mu)zzej vufc3+o *z y93achine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the 55rkuwz5rply( 4l0um following environmental value systems is most likely held b54 plk5wl5ymr 0r u(zuy Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble .)l+:nhupauf(pj 8dz"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priorlf68 i w ltc8lu,3kth5i+di d*ity in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for develb/.9 bepay (q u23lgchoping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about;8q5fttfx.xx tz, y qm0j)pv9 North Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental va6dfissfb2f c* qkt8-2lue system.What is input and ou2q6cid-fk 8t s bffs*2tput?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘a*eft+0; omctbrl 8wo *d,jc,environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an envirosei8m.ba l0 j iq2 6/ npuct3stmi2.,onmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsi7y6 y kg*h2z y 8pxy-vjcr67etc value.

  Identify which of the following statements h 56kdd;0 xyg e 308v/z3qd0rkmwlh j6p cune3is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value syste3j0en 0w6rp8 kq3u65mg h/3dkylddxe c;0zvhm.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in k*2lzsmah004us th ;oKatowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-oldj6db2n shj(r, girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change td(,js2jh brn 6heir policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai s02pl arb3f1j






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list ofzoq,k65n lh radtx13/7 bd d8x influential events that shaped our modern view of environmentalism: ,357zkbda o x tlhr8ndxd61/ q

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that i;;2vb-qim;u ,vo e svfs not a correctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the environar:y9vec (t*,veo ou, ment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems mode5,( 6pf tinwnwz4pe1el for developing an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understa,gfpfj;5oqs;ao* 3 drnd complex worka;dofrf;3*q so5jgp, ings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosmr ip;xui/ t/ /y+u9xojs for investigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram that is tj5ae)7l:qj r6g f3mzy rue.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cyc3i3kwk , nx*q1lef8ydle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmenta0t;wor 4q p3i6,bqbx0 hj6v nnl value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systemv5we1)sxvi. uo32 z sms diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon- k(p.xiq 19jq jrkqr 5k ne-nz,3*aan through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram o 4h0e2b4pd hzjf a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh 3p4u +r c3atxv





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what i+c6 wz qolt;4z/f9rt rt Input ，Output ，Both input a rc6tlf/tr wz z9qo;4+nd output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an examplbd/oapfok,(j z;d wzlv9 w(u; donr3w2ap51-e of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negative feedback lolqz *4e*4v(sqej+ zb3r2wxnb2sho h(ops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an ecosyst ;y)is.jvu 5v-o+hyl86 ud lxxem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predq-+ew * wg1ir vie3t2 4ej-oxlator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctlgp7*m y 99c gzsaui-a/y paired with the example? pzagc9a iu7-9sm y*g/

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show r(-4+k6wdkuoewdq h h:x 4r;e cesilience and the ability to wit4de :rd6 och qe;-w+ wh(4kxukhstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of ahqesxm:gm3)rjp) (t+ negative feedback mechx(: jqhemmgs)+tr3 p) anism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an En *jsjpf8zjx) , i9tf6rvironmental Impact Assessmp)*ix ,sfz6rj jj 9ft8ent (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sections of th/c c s)dkw)dq 8dka2.ke area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods ia c q))/ks2dc d8dkk.ws 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define8lw,oj+* dlemj+z8 ej sustainability.

  Which of the following would not d6 hx156 twaowjn1u pxxmp1 72fall under the classification of ecological goodsj 1xua2t1 m57xnxw6 1wop6phd that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity voxyy/ yyda-b. ukh(40s. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) ud /78eu5e kpxis usually carried out before a major construction project is underta8u /7xeud5p keken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capy8f kt-(u2y3 bdi 9jmhita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the f;:rbf5cq*.e c az :ol5r suer1actor is not correctly paired with how it affec*ab5rrcr5l 1:ef;zs :.uqceo ts sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase sustainabilitrz 6)wpffts;,a 9 0vrey.

  Figure: Average per capita 1lvx-ki/w,luoig/v, $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a pollutn)2w2jzy id*ba rm4 t8ant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutiolhw11lhqzv 6g+)o 0 5k av8pkin vs. GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method th mi.wc0w)/dvhu ozo,3wa(1 leat is not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, v (lx8qwxv 5 0i1uz5ftreleased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in ( fzqtu0x8 lv v1ixw55the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly matci)gqb9;qfy ucf9 9.ds h the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodipheny pt17g6n4 rifultrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per cj gevkqwqz,:z8nf 9+ 6apita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seatn g8b 9e04(sgdjcpyw7k (sb 6water at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per(i+k;pl w omex7x0uov) 8 2uyb capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita t(euksk.d 8m+ zk8l,k-vti6i$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.