Suggest which of the following mightizf mqc9ba3 (abx(16w influence a person’s environmental value syste (q 9iazcx(a 6b1bfm3wm:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label for a washing mack59ya r;6zcodd.u / pyhine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most likellb xzwxw)x(m:) 7wq +py held bzb lw)+ )xwx:(q7mxwpy Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marble" 11 42zn m.9cl 2s l+uk -tr* sq*tzrifo9hytze




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the stateme l,1ejjto;un3y) n)v znt that is a priority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for d 1e v9- :gr(fc1leac t7v,moqfeveloping an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right woty u.w, w+cu60e.mjo 4;nt0op*hevz hales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.Wh gmj+ojrc4*: hat is input and ouo jj+:4m*ghcr tput?

  Determine which is the bm53kxh ,hbj l-bd4nf+est definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing a ks9nap rhh*94n environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the tze v kky*y;) cvsp t)5y*c4xexp1q)a cl/1a:environment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated with an a6dmm*,vrm:b fa5-tz s5 n+ ekwnthropocee+t-* 6d5 s mbknm:a mfv5,rzwntric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate inz.ym6md5 jr z3 Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in +ipf)/w nk v4m6uon ,z1992. She spoke about the damage shfpzon m+nw 6/4v u,k)ie saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathag fr12 bm7tz6di






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events that shaped our modern viqth3dh 0l7 gw7ew of environmhl37qg w7 0tdhentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a corref3 0rtd78a kodctly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system ma 5dybom-t23fy5c f)xjkes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for develop 7 tbz)pxf;,pring an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help peophf)5t8 ogm/2ekuv4h z le understand complex 4g eto/fv8u zm5hk)h 2workings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating jwlg3 /+:hbmd(mt /br an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems di0lo 3riqrk8/ e8qbt; k/f-tbfagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model kwo5 6((dt4.vl z* flh+fnaeg of the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sysu9 w lr gyfmp,i3-usl,8c.j5r tem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true /1sh sxl2i2oe of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon throxqp(o u93b:sough the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagrame8ge+/j/4 lb 7quv s6qyp) yxi3ss;yc of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequekwbngzu 4ke o;g.60d il q--(kstration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input4lrv:qu htecjf:+ p/ , ，Output ，Both :t hje/l q,p+fuc:vr4input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an exampldt.og; jyitqy66 ut3ku)70j le of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops b/urm;ybjmzyr -f .:+...;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead3me ;n:5jzyf l k:7;pqwfzsq; an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator andqqj( *7 0:l7nqllsnrt its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedback is not correctly parob+g bi3,wl3 ired wiw3go,br l i+3bth the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resilience an 707.jeh 66hvuiqr vvgd the ability .0hirev7gj6 7vh vu6qto withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative jmrfc 1(m :8(qj(pu cxk(qrioo8z6; dfeedback mechanis(cirqc 6mj p 8k8fz qox:m;1(d( u(jorm.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Envxj(vl r0(sag r0y e6u5: otid-f xdu+:ironmental Impact Asse i-oxxy((a r vd s 5l:gdr:tf6+00ujuessment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut is9 6flhv:ek3:v wxdm*/( y8*abl jphdn rotation in different sections of the area kv 38 dw9:*fh:/ja6e xb*smh dy vlp(ldepending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define r ve7 ,spu .w2 bzl+i6.if2nhwsustainability.

  Which of the following would njdb.5y.zyven5w ms;4ot fall under the classification of ecological goods 5v mj 4sy.;we5nydbz. that can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacits*ph* m 2edt*u 3,9a;qhg4 ljdlbsju3y vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually carried13 tsdhplt*j 9 out before a major construction project is undertaken. Outline dttlhjs 9*p31the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita 1h, yqcp, pj.v$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not cor 8cg3y6 w8cldrrectly paired with how it affects suyr683cl w8 dgcstainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is nsc+ gr,2ryym /ot a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per zv-.+6;y cfe;ql).ixt sb n m(pi(e hmcapita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considered a poll fi h6q9;yvp+vutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per caqpc)(ppmf 6c 2pita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measur,op5a v7j:pww7(0 z s2dy edbhing pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vpbkag7ay+x.fzx515jgd 5;xg;y ick -ast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first abg-p;xi1 cg.fk x yyj x5k5z5dag7+;few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the example/mu1by j7tg pk*4-x gd.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTfjbax8 (k2c/z):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per cap3, vebyt9iinhh nd969 ita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zincr +m5j(8 z)xgiouc yx3 in seawater at Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per cnv3a+p wlagc- 3y+0f japita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capita u 1avi;xwa82jbzjas,4 m..x h$CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.