Suggest which of the following might influenydm9czccpu0 (w/ 92)8ydftqz ce a person’s environmental value sysm zcqdpcy 98w/9t u)2dc z(yf0tem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency label forrp ,yts6m z:.b a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environ ri,(q8yukc+tm7xt0 wmental value systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, tic( 8,qr0xktwy 7tu+mhe founder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Marbll7/ .rj0f pkhge"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in aefcck5a,- yfqpodyq8( j+-;o technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental valevx 3 zf.ism77ue system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about Nortnul+60b/j 2maqy0 u 4e4r tqwjh Atlantic right whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value sijgi8xeq; 23lb 89 gr(swazufvd7 ;w5 ystem.What is input and outu z5gd;i9( lwb87q 28xvjs e giarw3f;put?

  Determine which is the best definition for ‘environmental value system’ (EVS)po, af4qn (ppq82t b/t.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environm: ftx(p; i.nwqental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the envi1ts1, -:e eadq6i*aya(apnxdronment has an intrinsic value.

  Identify which of the following stjs.sx5 v9-uu 0orp6mpatements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value system.u96jo5mp.uv xr ps0 s-


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Katowice (2 ov xa(f)/k2 e75xfm mtxc24up018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, ynt4nr8rk4vp1 * 5a;r*i qmw2 vfcmw0Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from arq m4i40wwrkp8ra2r*vn5ft 1;y cmv*nound the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai l) 049lg*uieq1li n ow






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following l ;8( mk4 b/1syvq l3y9hrx ;yqp/ugspg9rx p6wist of influential events that shaped our modern view of environmu xvp wpkmsh b1; g/y4g8(r;9q rl6py x9s3qy/entalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a cor9*k+(3j;hk +ypyhgy fjw*vlmrectly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed syst,waev3 9f1mz)w ma 5dxfbde33 em makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental vr22.h))z nqgipe oy2 oalue system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality used to help people understand com-l w 0ig3ufvjbz1f ybtuq)2; /plex v;iu1l-/ ) w02qtbjbyzgf3ufworkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquat n82fsmfd48noic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement abkbbh*r wh o221out a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of-j 4 (ozu r/zfq,c:l+b1xbg+ aqaha:f the carbon cycle




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing - z(0s ) c2fi/uhtlnncan environmental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not true of a systems diag3m3wxq sfqfjr85dhabfbet; u w2*2 d1 0lye*3ram?

  Figure: Movement of cvy.q)1* ;5sxuzrc lhz arbon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tr xy0u6foxi)m 0ee

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marshy84hmm .7 ,e :9khbs9likh xsa





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . mw0 wu,edqb d clc3399*a)vov what it Input ，Output ，Both input am , 0v uclcba9vdo3*w qw9)3ednd output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transfyeg.3ko;t jqb/0b- k gnxw41gormation.

  what is Positive feedback loops...;Negatip:l; :w wo8tse*s c8xqve feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to leu:87d6lute uh ad an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densiti7-3 qy tfgv/(tse d0qoes of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the follqn msv 0y og)v0y gjg0yw +0ypyg7)*.gowing options about feedback is not correctly paired with the*0n+ ggy0vjv)0ompgy)w.q yy 7sgyg0 example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to show resjwnnl.qm6*k( w5s 8mlilience and the ability to withsta6w mwn.nq l(k5 8sm*ljnd changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is an example of a negative feeg1ba, r wu,xxc6zsj 86fh*9 zidback c iua6wb z, hrszf1xg86 *,9jxmechanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmental Impa1nn7b1yk vq98g xb9i ict Asseki x1qgin bb8y 1n997vssment (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in7- fb(9i-jqz 6lkopha rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood 6 ifj7ap-z(h9lq-kb oand their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define susta fo;.huraue2g1qtpm3d6+dq wu.h.lpzt: )x,inability.

  Which of the following would no ,dmee5th k3uaiv 9 ,7rje2glt )2amb-t fall under the classification of ecological goods that can produce natural capik- ettg 9d35uab,2ha,ieer )2lvm7jm tal?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacity vs. resourdji n:p. ocfri;l/ mhy9-k,6uce consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is usually cari x1fe9f pmn)o*+ms 9hried out before a major construction project is undonfmmp9 + *e9i1xhf s)ertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capita9r/ rx 6inw:;b1eyhg+ ich8og $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is noicw iqypt:ou0x:2z3 + t correctly paired with how it affects:i03cp+x:i2o q uzwty sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor -dd1hxy ep1v r)q3( no2bhh+ bu/wa0m that is not a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per capib r:ryjjcoa s/3 p16/yta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following ,(schvftujh i1 .(3fr is not considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs.yb7 xxa+d.,1(hgc paa GDP per capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of moc(i/wi mv sv5/ 7i /ygyl*xn(easuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, rex4gr hbj, x(btt+*uv )ct7n.*dhhlp4 leased vast amounts of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thou ldv4h gt tupr.b4,cb*h+xhtx(j *n)7 sands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term and the exampltaa:b)iw6 ll b.j2d /ie.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlor q :vrbhn)x3i0odiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capit;n ;1kmv0,g hof9bmzz a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at ele/:7 mp yioo*8 qwdyts/)s1e:p0xnPalmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 2019 klm lmx4mu 0ysc195k ,




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capit/ qe1:x5txy rbjks l77a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.