Central banks usually have all of the followin5gxyk,iy*9 n/76a+7aiaja n v fqv5cfg goals except:

  Which of the following is a strength of fiscal*5(.wges b4ep1xk0 q hwkc6 dwrx 5q*d policy?

  The process of a central bank creating digital money bn (t0hh; +5fl;vorgzh se5s. hy purchasing long-term government securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts held with the central bank is thens h5fe t(. ;hsz ;oglrh0hv5+ definition of:

  The concept of money demand in w .wwh+u4 z7ppeconomics is not associated with holding money:

  Select from the choices below what8baddymw aj 9q k6rf93ro 0669*mnpmf is not considered to be a strength of monetary polic9kmr fd909y qmbjrdao m6* n36wf 6ap8y:

  The following statementsom0ujg 1 h:lz0 are true except:

  Which of the following is an exkhu/;o 7 bou/bample of current expenditure?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirement ratio (reserve requireme(em,0 jt o0rvi2pdp rzmo-6t /nt) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rialzot vjor20 m(e06mp r- dpt,i/ (IRR) 1 000, calculate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (ECB) goal is to increase the h x yu6t+/t 5bnko(y)nmoney supply; select which of the following op6unny)o thy x/t( 5b+ktions below the ECB must do:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of expansionary fisca n i 1d2ag,kifrg4d9j2l policy?i2a1n9,g jidf4r2 dkg

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most apbait 2ats; ma2s0w-j 1,foz8npropriate reason for the central bank tmz s2f s0o,n1ta t;8jai-wa 2bo increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fiscal and mon/uj/x* f 2s)hz yk q4pkuc*de0v um0n6etary policy actions would most effectively close an inflatiznjmf 6x/cus0uhp *)ku /v ye4k*2qd0 onary gap?

  Which of the following statements is trm) n5x lznk+v;ue of automatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may result from a sustained budget deficix/uni-pds8bu)* p)3 y2p lnfzt?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in nation6us, euhg1.zxal income from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriwsd xx :pyr 4y.(: aqc4(bl3xdate transmission mechanism of a contractionary monetary policy which involves raising interest rates top y l4d.xcwxb3 4a(r(x :sy:qd achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap