Central banks usually have all of the following goal tu2rk 0bk43has except:

  Which of the following is a strength of fiscal policy+zly m.c5vs +y?

  The process of a central bank creating digital money by pprmsrhsnm sv00.q j;*nr s 7.5urchasing long-term government securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic resr0s0ssvm n5.r mp n;j.sq*h 7rerves to the commercial banks' accounts held with the central bank is the definition of:

  The concept of money demand in economics is not associated with holding money0bhv)bkl: q5r:

  Select from the choices below whs7cu8epl++rd /bju.r at is not considered to be a strength of monetary .s/djl br8 p+re7cuu +policy:

  The following statemenbcetn *gmm2kz9 q98,w+8cz ) c)bvbhyts are true except:

  Which of the following is an example of current expenditurcy.c-: .mjnqkd *sma -e?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal ry ydi e2cd-b- n-)cw+eeserve requirement ratio (reserve requirement) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian Rial (IRe)ye -i- cnycb wd2+d-R) 1 000, calculate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (ECB) goal is to increase the money supply;/-gob vf7hwf+ wtp *jog5j2l8 select which oog8gw2wj/-*opf v5f + bltjh7 f the following options below the ECB must do:

  What is most likely to decrease after the implementation of expansionar4e9u 8ahp ,1nua9 l kpnkfsi :ks6,c7vy fiscal p8 6npa :kl97 ks kuvap91fenh,uc4is,olicy?

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most appropriate reason forptm(cx(/u- v2by1jvy t+lk k3 j5 +mov the central l2 v ukyb+t( -+ yc5/t3m(mpv1vjkoxjbank to increase the money supply:

  Which combination of fiscal and monetary policy actions would m.r+km9saiq2p o:0 yl;p4 wascost effectively closeaysk2wm+rpo0p4: qli a.; 9sc an inflationary gap?

  Which of the following statementsgk2) ckvymy2 7 is true of automatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may result f6wozz2a8 a ,) nun0eii )a2vqjrom a sustained budget deficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change in national incoap4clu9 mg+v78f 9 up(bz1owb me from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below the appropriate transmissiea+rmmhs2a/*pj 6;y*zc l )fi on mechanism of a contractionary monetary policy which involves rar62+)j;* c mip eazfa hl/yms*ising interest rates to achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap