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习题练习:美国2021年物理杯赛真题 PHYSICS BOWL 2021



 作者: admin发布日期: 2022-07-29 14:02   总分: 50分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年03月09日 15:11 截止时间: 90年03月31日 17:15  切换到: 整卷模式

试卷说明:
Division 1 students will answer only questions 1 – 40. Do not answer questions 41 – 50.
Division 2 students will answer only questions 11 – 50. Do not answer questions 1 – 10.

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Joule (J) is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units. It is equal to which of the following

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A force, $F$, could be applied to a cart in a variety of directions as shown at right. Which of the applications of $F$ would result in no work being done?



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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A brick is moving at 2d- +8g gz4criz(if dhjvu *u1a speed of $3\:m/s$ and a pebble is moving at a speed of $5\:m/s$. If both objects have the same kinetic energy, what is the ratio of the brick's mass to the pebble's mass?

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The figure to the right shows the position-time graph of an object traveling in a straight line, starting out moving to the right (the positive x-direction). At which points is the object moving to the left?



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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A hole with a radius of 1.0 mm develops in the bottom of a 15 m tall tank filled to the top with water.The tank is open at the top. At what rate will water initially flow out of the hole?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following scientists was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 and again in 1972?

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two cranes are used to lift loads vertically at constant speed from the ground to the top of a building. Crane 1 lifts an 8000-N load a height of 40 m in a time of 20 minutes. Crane 2 lifts a6400-N load a height of 50 m in a time of 16 minutes. Which statement below correctly compares the mechanical power output of each crane?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ice skater is rotating with her arms extended. When she pulls in her arms, her rate of rotation increases. No external torques act on the skater. Which of the following statements is true?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A rock that has a mass of 12 kg is sliding on a rough, horizontal surface. It has 24 J of kinetic energyand the friction force on it is a constant 0.50 N. What distance will it slide before coming to rest?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The average density of blood is $1.06 \times 10^3 kg/m^3$. Imagine that you donate a pint of blood during a local blood drive. What mass of blood, in grams, have you donated? ($1 pt = \frac{1}{2} L, 1 L = 1000 cm^3$.)

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object of mass m initially at rest experiences a uniform, non-zero acceleration. Which of the following statements is correct?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person places some water on their fingertip and rubs the fingertip around the top surface of a waterglass to produce a particular musical tone. This process is most closely associated with which of thefollowing phenomena?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object is placed 20 cm in front of a converging lens with a focal length of 30 cm. What is thedistance between the object and its image?

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person standing 5.0 m from a barking dog measures the sound intensity level to be 65 dB. Whatwould be the intensity level at that same distance if two identical dogs very close to each other arebarking?

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  n the Millikan oil-drop experiment the UPWARD force on a stationary oil drop is due to the:

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A uniform wooden block is a rectangular prism with dimensions of 10 cm x 6 cm x 2 cm. The blockwill be placed on a level table in one of three possible orientations with a side parallel to thetabletop. Let $P_L$ equal the largest possible pressure the block can exert on the table and $P_S $ equal the smallest possible pressure the block can exert on the table. What is the ratio $\frac{P_L}{P_S} $?

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Several samples of different ideal gases all have the same temperature. Which of the followinggraphs could show the relationship between the atomic mass of the gas and the rms speed of the gasatoms?

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two separate simple pendulums are swinging back and forth. It is found that pendulum A has twicethe frequency of pendulum B. Which statement could account for this difference?

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At t=0, Ball 1 is rolling up a ramp and Ball 2 isreleased from the top of the same ramp. The ballsdon’t collide. Which velocity vs. time graph at rightbest represents the motion of the two balls?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A simple and correct way to comprehend satellites orbiting Earth is to view them as

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two balloons are charged identically and uniformlyby rubbing them with wool. One is placed on a scalewhich is then tared. No charge is transferred to thescale. The other is then placed above it separated by30 cm. The scale reads 0.32 grams. What is theclosest estimate for the charge on each balloon?



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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fighter jet pilot is capable of tolerating an upward force that is equivalent to seven times theirweight. This pilot is traveling at a speed of 250 m/s while pulling out of a vertical dive. What is theminimum radius of curvature of the plane’s dive path?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The mass of Mars is $6.40 \times 10^{23} kg$. Its radius is 3395 km. What is the mean density of Mars in $kg/m^3$?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a panic, you squeeze the brake handle on your bicycle, lock up the rear wheel, and skid a certaindistance on a straight, level path before stopping. If you had been traveling twice as fast, what distance would you have skidded, under the same conditions?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two balls, A and B, are launched simultaneously from theorigin (O) on a level surface at the respective angles of 60°and 30° shown in the picture. Ball A has a launch speed vwhile Ball B has a launch speed 2v. Ball A lands T seconds after launch at a horizontal distance D from the origin. How many seconds after launch does Ball B land?



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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two balls, A and B, are launched simultaneously from theorigin (O) on a level surface at the respective angles of 60°and 30° shown in the picture. Ball A has a launch speed vwhile Ball B has a launch speed 2v. Ball A lands T secondsafter launch at a horizontal distance D from the origin. What horizontal distance separates the landing points of Ball A and Ball B?



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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are given three 6-ohm resistors. Neglecting the resistance of any connecting wires, which of the following resistances CANNOT be made using one or more of these resistors?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Electric energy can be generated in many ways, two of which are with nuclear plants using nuclearfission reactions, or coal fired plants utilizing chemical reactions. Energy density for a fuel has unitsof Joules/kilogram. What is the approximate ratio of nuclear versus chemical energy density?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An amusement park ride called “The Rotor”has people standing in a vertical cylinder,in this case 6 m in diameter, which rotatesand presses them against the wall withsufficient force that the floor can then dropwithout them sliding down the wall.Shown here is the magnitude ofaccelerometer data from a device carried ina pocket by a rider. Assuming the highplateau averages $27.7 \frac{m}{s^2}$, what is thepeak centripetal acceleration? (Considerthe spikes noise caused by movement ofthe rider.)


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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You drop a rock off a bridge into the river below and hear the splash 2.5 s later. How far above theriver is the bridge?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Any nucleus that emits an alpha particle or beta particle

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A child, starting from rest at the top of a 3.00-m tall slide, has a speed of 2.52 m/s at the bottom ofthe slide. What percent of the mechanical energy of the child-Earth system at the top of the slideremains when the child reaches the bottom of the slide?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two identical uniform sticks have small holes drilled in them. The sticks aremarked with equally spaced lines as shown. Each stick is suspended from a pinthrough the hole and is free to rotate about the pin. Both sticks are displaced asmall angle from the vertical and released. What is the ratio of the period ofpendulum one to the period of pendulum two?




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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A projectile will be launched from a 2.00-m tall platform and must hit a target at ahorizontal distance of 25.0 m away on an identical 2.00-m tall platform. What is the slowest speedat which the projectile can be launched?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A motorcycle has a total mass of 150 kg. Each wheel has a mass of 10 kg and a radius of 30 cm. Asthe motorcycle is moving, what is the ratio of the rotational kinetic energy of the wheels to the totaltranslational kinetic energy of the motorcycle? Assume the wheels are uniform disks and rollwithout slipping.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spring loaded projectile launcher launches a plastic ball horizontally with a speed of 4.0 m/s. If thespring were compressed twice as far, the ball’s launch speed would be

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are given three identical resistors, each of resistance R. Each resistor can sustain a maximumpower of P. Two of the resistors are connected in series, and a third is connected in parallel withthese two. What is the maximum power this network can sustain?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A man of mass m, gets off a boat by leaping to the left in an exactly horizonal direction. Both the manand the boat were initially stationary. Immediately after the leap, the boat of mass M, is observed tobe moving to the right at speed v. What is the increase of the kinetic energy in the man-boat system?(Neglect the resistive force of the water)

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion. Which of the following statements is trueabout the gas?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What temperature exists inside a solar collector (effective collection area of $15 m^2$) on a bright sunnyday when the outside temperature is +20°C? Assume that the collector is thermally insulated, thatthe Sun radiates the collector with a power per unit area of $600 W/m^2$, and that the collector acts as aperfect blackbody.

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A P-type semiconductor is doped to produce one of the following. What will it produce:

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A radioactive sample of gas has a half-life of 100 seconds. If there are initially 10000 of these gasmolecules in a closed container, approximately how many of the molecules remain after a time of 250 seconds elapses?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the voltage drop across $R_5$?



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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the current in $R_3$?



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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In the 1990s, the space shuttle flew two separatetethered satellite experiments. One purpose was togenerate power via the induced voltage in a 20 kmlong tether moving perpendicular to the Earth’s 0.5 Gauss magnetic field lines at roughly 8 km/s.What is the theoretical voltage across the tether tothe nearest order of magnitude?


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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An engine absorbs heat at a temperature of $727 ^\circ C$ and exhausts heat at a temperature of $527 ^\circ C$. If the engine operates at maximum possible efficiency, for 2000 J of heat input, the amountof work the engine performs is most nearly

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an ideal LC circuit, what is the time difference between all of the energy in the circuit being storedin the inductor and all of the energy being stored in the capacitor?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two identical metal spheres are hung from a common point by 30-cm long, nonconducting threads ofnegligible mass. The spheres each have a mass of 0.20 g and are given identical charges. It is foundthat due to the electrostatic repulsion force, the angle between the threads is 20°. How much chargewas placed on each sphere?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A collimated laser beam emerging from a commercial He-Ne laser has a diameter of 1.0 mm. Twoconvex lenses are used to convert this beam to a well-collimated beam with 10.0 mm diameter. Thefirst lens has a focal length of 1.5 cm and is to be mounted at the output of the laser. What is thefocal length, f, of the second lens and how far from the first lens should it be placed?



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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A free electron (rest mass: $m_e = 0.5 \frac{MeV}{c^2}$ ) has a total energy of 1.5 MeV. Its momentum, p, in terms of $m_e = \frac{MeV}{c}$ is about

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