08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out s*xvg x8l/l. pequal areas in equal time” can be*8xv slx p/l.g derived most directly from which conservation law?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits wiydk9ez p 7wijt6s;/:uth the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which ow7e/pt9zkyuj ;i6d : sne of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to dpddg jyl6,6vo ,m(3g the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled dy,pmlg6dg( ,o63 jvd?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each ot4vcfir0zdh7 uxw- (vkjb *)6uher with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them i( 0) u7zdkxv6 wfrchb u-4ji*vs doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the same uh/l4u/gkqa au t3la*) niform density. Planet X has twice the/ 34aq*tlaah )uug/lk radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X (1rgewaxx9g4and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Pla4rg1(eax w9 gxnet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if il +ezrh 10(cyyt is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centr yyz( elch0+1ripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the E, k6hk mwhqp;6j6x eq vhlo-f7m-1+w d3bpma;arth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of pv6lb xmp; q6k,-wqm+j;- hkmh7 f3e1wha 6dothe following?

  14.30: Considering only the Mobqv(qf1( 3 ext:dzo.eon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude o(t 13fxdbv zq o.(:eqef the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts/cp oyyeq1 (kyd:-l,g9 8l yeg away from the earth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the s91g(lkopd/cqeyl ge y:8-, yyurface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at tk 8u;p wp eumkf:*yfx3 i99ua5he surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusiowuu: k9pu pxi5 3ymkea*9f;f8n?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mgi: s.xz(e;e 4l+t yywass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform dl4 +s .(wgt: yiz;eeyxensity, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earthl :m7+k3fy5ts v o3ouq and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of 7vt5s3o flqukmo: y3+ this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fcxz7+ + 9ay5alp0sgtntfik 1)ifth the Earth’s mas nlik+z g0 ttx5as7)+pfca19y s. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X w3ygrjm9 l+ j:)p1ulwju3 j0j4pyw7hin a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magni 4ljw3pp m930) w r 7uhgw+u1yljjjjy:tude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits alsn1,s71t px yz*+vo 9mfu j+b star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius7pbss 9muln ,x *tyjvz++f1o1 is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the n3rkbj2 :kzr6. aaz ,tsame altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass ofkz z.aa3 rn,:6 kjtrb2 satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit ar2 /ibpp,bw(m5+o, z x:tuf a5hq+qipsound the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following problem, the wory)p.r rm4ngy+ xav- o+d “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not r+m4+p yx-oavgny)r. change shape,

  10.42: A comet moves indn u 0y0w*t/emg:8wsy an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) t u densm00t w/8y*yw:go perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star system shown, ts53k5 y f7s3smgfbbl7.iya b ,he two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star syste5sbbfya.5yf,7k sml7sg33 bim?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circu:8xgpouw(shh) : tit/lar orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new ellipticag: 8shu/)h:x(tptw o il orbit is