08.19: Kepler’s Secondwy*e qz /fm46 ;7he g5p9shhhbv8du4w Law about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservation hq6mw75 dh 4/8s uyf*v epzwhb49 ;eghlaw?

  16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical : i/88zzeca-t ax7xtqorbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This sqza8xc:x/t i-7tz 8aetatement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

  99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational:/i 3hri54cqp4mr1f s;b 0gvcaeh r.d attraction between two small objects if the mass of each obje:s hgdre v/q4m .fcrp4c51hir3ia 0;b ct is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

  95.09 Two spherical bodies8p h s x1vs:b6fuxg :b+:gdsb- jzm.,afh6sc 6 attract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force :ujp msbcbf.s8-1xbhhvsx6+z:a d6f6g ,sg: if the distance between them is doubled?

  14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform densitz)b hrusv;dm2 f;6mx/y. Planet X /)sx;m;r6b fhduz m2v has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

  16.46 Two spherical, non-ropmt *2 0adbhc;tating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform density. P;t a*0 dmc2pbhlanet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

  01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a ,y;xr hb3p6j ooc,ecrhxa 1,)small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of , , xbae6r,jrcp;xyho3h1)o cthe following would NOT be required in this calculation?

  99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glennt6qgoe5o.t .r xdg6y3 with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn whilery ttegdo..gx663oq5 he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

  14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any infll;np e8:xp 9ma 8eq5ukuence of the Sun), which one of the following best exprkxen 5 pq8m;a9 :pu8leesses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

  02.19: As a rocket blasts away from um -pnyh9n)md ;lk3 .1hvbd5othe earth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent tn lk u)1myb3.v dh-mno; h9p5dhe gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

  99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences v-0pqo7gyrn ku2 6t .ethe same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the fogqo-r6 0u 7v2typn e.kllowing would be a reasonable conclusion?

  00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a wei+5ptbjqdl ;s9 efc,c.ght, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight acf.b5 lqe jpd,;tc +s9t a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

  96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earthev0n te/-/wpl,kxo m8 and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitatiex,ewln op k8/t- 0vm/onal acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

  98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one- f:qu 6bcj-8u 5j0aifj58pufrfifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at 8j8 5j6 f pcrfbjqi :5uau-f0uthe surface of the planet is most nearly

  08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular ob27oqqk0i+xxrv. uf; rbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orb o+ 7.2vxrfk; bxqiq0uit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

  94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mas /mc9aav-kuyjnrn r ; ge6t4z8*jwn07s one-half the mass of our sunzm g c968n;k-ejna 7rvwjry4nu*0 a/t. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

  97.12: Two artificial satelli92rt4.9:hi wzkr8b8oe w i vdagepwxwqd;,/3 tes, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of e tko.3p:vi84xww 9bhwir8;9dd,zge2w a/ r q satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

  15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit around the Earth wit4zzy 5u45sbi nh a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

  98.33: In the following pron hqc o 6tt2ghl20v32ig) fz6 o3kwx:oblem, the word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not chan6t2g vz2oc2:iko fg3ow0x)hltqn36h ge shape,

  10.42: A comet moves in an ellihfq1 7cqod3e arxhp4ru7 a+- 1ptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit clre-op 371q7f a4udq 1hc+a xrhosest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

  17.48: In the binary star syst2pmla5*a1 q/y s wht(*caxos9 d*0jihem shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents thas(a qh921/ tj5apo xsdliw 0mh* c**ye total mass of the binary star system?

  06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbit yy ni/x5,esj19yn)3vtvp5fnal radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket inni jy,1svn5 x/9p 5ve3)fyy tnto an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is