1. Which of the following coe19 y0s5hgtqfls ok+a 29yh+tlz4hl4 uld be part of the description of a forest habitat on a mounta lq glt442tay9lsz0oe +9hf5h h1 k+syin?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions required for coral reef formati ++qdh-2hs l(y/vwqoe 9kd7vson in an oceae/+s (kqhwv 97d+l2q- dyvshon?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the followihj 3g+9f- ogt+v xjiq1ng is a correct feature of a tundra biome but not for a +q j+i1gxf3oh9tg jv-taiga biome?

  4. What is the best desce7z8sj ,4n2 hh :vg/hyfkph,bription of the limits of tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal den9ty 5jp,(nwb8 te3l* ps-fs ddsity

(c) Leaves at the top of tall stqj33 k jcc. r0psi a3tx.,xs,2wfiy 4qems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the det 6z ftmbo9i83a:gwh/l erminants of the type of terrestria8agoh3:ftw l9/i6zb ml biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area occupied by one these biomes that may changdp g))s*x ah(qe due to global warming. Suggest a reason why this change m*) h spadqx)g(ay happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She is responsible for the protected areaqof 34;kmbko s* -5uses of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. 5k3sefq *om-ob;k 4us The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animaz )rl9m1/jkop3cpt 6qlsopc)z/ m l936 kp1qtrj.