1. Which of the following coulcq4-6or, 9 c xc4qff(it;fgiyd be part of the description of a forest habitat o4q o6ffifq(xyi-g4t;r,cc c 9 n a mountain?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the followinyh,7m jr-q j,t+w2uc3qt;3hq*ho)ma(jb nkzg are conditions required for coral reef formation in an oq ;jur,cbhkq(mwt h+ 3mjja2 ty*3zn -q)ho7,cean?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the fogy;49i(krt c so2i6g gllowing is a correct feature of a tundra biome but not for a taiga biomeksg2ctg(gio6 i;94 ry?

  4. What is the best description of the limits of tolerance of a species?k+jynk n/c7(c93itaf ag(ay2

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal density q.r p oyrn1(1-z5/itvdd,ujs

(c) Leaves at the top of wba3a8i a4ixsf(kv4l;mvc hx83w0 r 7 tall stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determinants of the t dk3sntil;n f.)bmghd8v687type of terresth8m) gn ldtin87;f.k vb36tsd rial biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area occu5y q;f;y+n/05,b pb gks;l q)ojkycm tpied by one these biomes that may change due to global warming0bnckpq;mj fg 5ks+ ;,;5 /)lbyytoy q. Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an enw zuge+0un2j* r-hg, cologist. She is responsible for the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. *z+,gn2ue0 -n uhj wgrThe conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by hemnrmbp s, +0g;l6ty;rayzp:r a75g.n rbivorous animals.+ny,g5nsp 6;a; :yzgapr mtbr0rm 7 l.