1. Which of the following could be part of the description of a forest d4 v*rxa7(zlgd rzj:62 pmi8dhabitat on a mountain? dv:p ad2jd4mr*i7gzrzx( l8 6
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions required,gq*7 (6 y;v)gtjxzrrzv75q hiwf- wq for coral reef formation in antqyfg,6q r);q5r(gzx ivzj*ww7 -7 hv ocean?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tundra biome but not foam9to ks*/q z.r a taiga/s tzq9 m*ko.a biome?

  4. What is the best descrids60+acr sgin+a;b b9ption of the limits of tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal denttougl:0 n y+ jj+:f3ssity

(c) Leaves at the top of tall stems.qsoy*.qmsz qnx3k 2,d;v sw 30

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determinants of the type of ;ev8 0lj bvpqs-e. w8vterrestri.- le vjv0 wp8bes;vq8al biome.

(b) Suggest one exampog* rtwfcg;gy 3) *( bckgg)d/le of an area occupied by one these biomes that may change due to global warming. Suggest a reason why this change may happend)* ;) /y*bocwgfg(cgtgkgr3.

7. Borislava is an ecologistd kaa t51 u54mrng ie/j8y.n8s. She is responsible for the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants ad/itykn4em5j ud8.18 g n a5asrapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways iysr tp k bz9xd9o7*j911-rduin which plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animal9o-91udk bdriypr7* 1zt xjs9s.