1. Which of the follvm: xf u8k+va3owing could be part of the description of a forest habitat on a u3fxvav:k+m 8mountain?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions *e t;j3f yl4u u-z,vpvrequired for coral reef formation in an ocean? ut 3yl 4 u,z;fev-jp*v
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tundra biome but no7q8h/uf gz6wy1sl : 8cmr5i kwjx8mz- t for a 8k6h 1/gl:8 zizxf-j 7wycu qmr85smwtaiga biome?

  4. What is the best description of the limits off+ xmzzv)vr*w, 8jxm- tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal denw00rp-. 9hc1 fszh47moxdksjsity

(c) Leaves at the top58rg vc-)5 upn+d tygmw(gpcs6h.ni4 of tall stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the determin7. xzytqn r17eants of the type of terrestria.xn z 77y1qetrl biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area occupied by one them/2rb3i up3 akse biomes that may change due to global warming.b3i kr3mp/2au Suggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She is responsible fogqae et )44ys;,p. iyqr the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area qit)s,a;egq 4py 4ye. is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by herbiv3ohc ixyid8),br:rw 4orous animals.,hoi 84):rbw ic3rxdy