1. Which of the following could be part of the description of a fm90*m3ia: ls jd9x s7 ngdiym5orest habitat on syan9i9 ddm3m*:5 lx0s7jg ima mountain?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are c(emea9 facx cbo:bt6v d6:+(v onditions required for coral reef formation in an ocea+m:va a (6dc:fvb(tecob 96 xen?
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tundra biome +orcexo22; dn/h n mw k83qe(rbut not for a taiga/ 83cdonx okrwm2 (2rnhee; +q biome?

  4. What is the best dsjp5674j3 w 2xrrlzy +aa)ptbn;p5zhescription of the limits of tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal densa7lpvuh5 m.2+pv,u b1z qvy7hity

(c) Leaves at the top lrf tg o)xo.pcop 8+(j8a3uwb rowd):8d* b;iof tall stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that3bl. 0l ,gbbe o.i gl-le1ru:z are the determinants of the type of terrestrialle1zll:bbbou e l-.r0i 3.gg, biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an area 3 eqj3+mi ijc(occupied by one these biomes that may change due to global warming. Suggest a mi(c+ej3iq 3jreason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She b1q zsv/ w9e1yis responsible for the protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile envirowqv11 /sze y9bnment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in.1cy s(uel bc, which plants avoid being consumed by herbivorous animals.ecu (.slcyb, 1