1. Which of the following could be part of the description of a forest habitn3 :oz fzmq06sat on a moq o:fzz0m 3sn6untain?
I. The community in the forest.
II. The population of a species.
III. The annual mean rainfall.
IV. The location of the mountain range

  2. Which of the following are conditions required for coral relu +g ;t;m+ybbef formation in an ocean? +b t;blmy +g;u
I. Appropriate salinity of the water.
II. The presence of coral grazing species.
III. The annual mean temperature of the ocean between 22 and 27°C.
IV. The depth of the water allows sunlight to reach the reef.

  3. Which one of the following is a correct feature of a tundra biome c* arczu-+4ddzm99hj but not for mza+z*c 9jr-d4h 9cdua taiga biome?

  4. What is the best d7r y1)8noz pz/lu so9iescription of the limits of tolerance of a species?

(a) Divided leaves

(b) Low stomatal density m6 nxuq*v3,jw

(c) Leaves at the top of tally p0ld1183(e tyxgzhb stems.

(a) List the two abiotic factors that are the d-/oec3ixr. dc nap/9yvdan4 wlu7 *r9eterminants of the type of terrestro94dnx idaur w-crle//v yc *7n .93paial biome.

(b) Suggest one example of an*b8u,dq4vgucw 2mad 3 area occupied by one these biomes that may change due to global warming. S2admd8u 34 q* ,vugwcbuggest a reason why this change may happen.

7. Borislava is an ecologist. She is responsible for te nrbnl45xig7n86l ,uhe protected areas of a beach on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. 6 ib8nnlg5,reunx 4 7lThe area is protected because there are populations of rare plants adapted to the sand dune habitat which is a hostile environment for many plant species. The conservation areas are each of approximately 100x50m.

Explain how to carry out a line transect to monitor the distribution of plants in this part of the beach.

8. Outline three ways in which plants avoid being consumed by l--e,h wfh3 yhherbivorous animals-,y-ef w3hhhl .