State which of the fo, e5 zf6d96;wr+nwsjvq mdnt(llowing is not an ozone-depleting substance (ODS).

  State which factor has not caused a mass extinction i-0i ky;t x6 k4xke:s1g gn;wahn the past.

  Identify which of the fozdtab0ebh -a6 h8n e3-llowing is not true about stratospheric ozone.

  Determine which of the following greenhouse gases is corr scr*h;+8ga woectly paired with its sou* 8o gc;rwsah+rce.

  State which is not true regaf8ml2fw6mef9 nc m, 3r+uxftqj71z9 zrding greenhouse gases.

  List the main greenhouvji(f)y, s f(dse gases.

  Figure: Variations in ozone hole area sincemoeduwu bd55k*58x z7 1979


Describe the trends seen in the graph
I.
The mean and maximum ozone hole area start to increase from 1979.
II.
The mean ozone hole area reached a maximum somewhere between 2000 and 2010.
III.
There is a downward trend from 2015 to the present for the mean ozone hole area.
.

  Figure: Variations in ozone hole area since 197 *p cn:,p.0vsqig nnx89


Deduce why is there a downward trend in the area of the ozone hole in recent years.

  Outline how the depletion of stratospheri-4 lcmiyzy6,te8xvd -w*cdcdl)*l g( c ozone can impact living systems.

  Determine to which level of pollution/quqx(ntwn(;us. / sp management strategy each of the below strategies belwn .s(q;/ x tuqnsu/p(ongs.
I.
Passing legislation that regulates the amount of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) that are released into the environment.
II.
Developing technologies that will allow for the elimination of ODS from the ozone layer.
III.
Passing legislation that prohibits the use of ODS and requires the use of their alternatives.

  Describe ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and their efff. s rl/6tfk*vects.
I.
Ozone-depleting substances include halogenated gases like CFCs, used as propellants in aerosols and coolants for refrigerators.
II.
The ODS reach the stratosphere and release the halogens they carry. This disrupts the normal equilibrium of ozone formation and destruction, causing a decline in ozone.
III.
The stratosphere can no longer absorb enough of the UV radiation, causing the rays to reach the surface of the Earth, harming the organisms, causing eye problems and skin cancer.

  Identify the most successful action in combatti lniz 5wy1nf r.i,wxh a)dw198ng the decrease in the concentration of stratospheric ozh.xr1wwf15w9iy,8 annizld) one.

  Depletion of stratosfwy4(ow.le e ed(hh5q(y sa:(jn l *9fpheric ozone has affected life on Earth in many ways.
Identify which of the following is not the result of depletion of stratospheric ozone.

  Figure: ODS Emissions frs - anzmi;5h r2lnz3,kom 1961 to 2014


Outline whether the Montreal Protocol has been successful in achieving its aims.

  Figure: Ozone concentration at different a*se/a 5ip a35 8xaqmhaltitudes


Identify the option that does not correctly describe stratospheric and tropospheric ozone.

  Figure: Stratospheric ozone concentration from 1;n;6tn0s qi;wf 6nj hw960 to 2100

Explain the reason behind the delayed effect in ozone reformation seen in the Figure, considering that the Montreal Protocol took effect in 1989.