The three common phases of matter a; n2n73v ycv c+,)lzacdp dm6are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofwg 9 wfoj+k85h $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure? ql 5k()ip:p8pjiaks; ji ,zl2

  Consider three drinking glasc18 snbvb +/dqses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the /8v s1+dqbcnb bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire cayizt74c fds*gi szt;e/;8kw2 lled?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens m,d8zzs mvu405hz;llmw/; xmto the absolute pressure at the bottom of a p54 zxmmz ;w,sh8dzmll0;/v muool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneo:2 ro 3p xc ds/h4em*ro,dn/jath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface,e4mn,:osrp*d /c o/xdj23oh r what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princi /z/as)thiv 2qple.

State Archimedes' principleu2s ) u e7nvy3ctgbt6lz97er 4d9ld:t.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper y1b) hn-reou )into water of constant density, what happens to the buohr 1bye-onu ))yant force on it?

  Salt water has greater dens.dv-+xh w (f 1ad hs1zo+*yrpsity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt wh ypzs *wdd+r1vs.aofh 1-x+ (ater. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dik xu5a5nui dl 77h4-ywnv)6 yense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced ini-y6v5xau)n75 wkl47y idhu n the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyagjhgd3n6*d e6diy1je3qo 5 / x v/lh,qnt force on the /qigd6 1yjj el3dv, /eo 56*nhdx3ghqball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sic*lovm+ol22 ugsb /57w1db iyts at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Whic so lb molug15i 722dcwby/+*vh has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron restsp l8e*exjq( k- on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, wha xe(qklj*e-p8t happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub.q5vgzk a qo,60 A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If0z6ogq,a5qkv the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. /d--yykc sh;z: bu+ibThe diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A.cz:y d-b/;kiy- bhus+ Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the * wzlmlks+/x7.mapt, pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in7 ,+alm *zs xpmtklw/. the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows ab(70 3tnslmv fizk(2xbcf d3( t 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its o tcilf3dvsm(b0(f3 z(nk xb27riginal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prin*o0jeqtsb6u2 w 6uyv *ciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energx4/bi xmk z01cjhzmah* 6x-- hy ix/hk iazx6*10 mmxhc-j-b4 zhn fluids?

  As the speed of a moving flu+ kri7bv5xz.5t3 sp cmid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pi3)b ju*xxaow 8+ote 09hz)qem pe at point B is larger than ae*8a x)3+9 0mh)bxuqwj oteozt point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becaubwx +y(i.5 qyzse

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocitz:66yi1aoxdi2yx +c1s/p- n,hfz opny. The force of air resistance onpfo s h:1izy26y+,d6i o x1a-/ xzpncn him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 22.mo(x tbpjiyogt-zj7a8 i5. R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the grou ytj(i oop28.5at mx-7gi. jbznd first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experiengn+7 k.yadhl 7ces a dragy gad 77nlh+k. force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest eft6+ ss3v2apm afect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you mada6s+ 3am pvt2se a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has t::id3e5-ja owt, mxjg wice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow 5mj -xdojta g :,e3w:irate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pi2xfvkfosdy5: .bnp .(va ,s, s*j, axzpe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressur*s : ,s. 5xk.ony b,afzvjfsa v,xp2d(e difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "ga0(.hgv *s vbpreasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all overv0(h*gsva .b p the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a z/r) 91hv6t dv+iptiy6v,qza height h. If the diam6q6aivt)viz,v9yzr /1 dp+th eter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that trps5ff)2zyq*h0 g/xkxdt3z tc+ 0u-z hey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has we2+03xz*u0z)xqsc gfty f 5hd z k-/prtight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffxpc6a :h7wt9iiciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as lo69 :wcipthx7 ang, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimension/yjv+pf na9s4y)ii :gs 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is itsn 49vy+ a/j gfsi):iyp density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.35ie; /bvs 8.xmd7. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. ay7k. otaccut7l 8-r4 What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal sur-o . y7rtcct74l8ak auface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe hakek) bhzx ,vwwc7pzn)tm4p+b- r+:(ms area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 mxb,;.rzs uwy wa*46cl incbl,w xr. zsa*;u4 y6w the ocean?

  A circular window of5i4vk7 ba wnq0d.*+vaj (qf erft.hb5 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force a 5aeb4tfh 5wb.n+.q0ik fj7v*(dv rqof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge prpuj;q m6em1aa7ww*( gessure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Th )8j oq6gwlh79l(i ce(bm,nxu e density of bcj uqo(xn9em 7lhw)6lg ( 8,iseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below c-j,xrb,ksqxgo 9/j ls1(r 8,frtm3hthe surface of sea? (Th rrgbsfj8 c,so1tm k3(rjx ,qh9,x-l/e density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pistrq 2hk*z1jn x+on haskqh+2 z*jnx 1r area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and o3q o(-s sf8grthe largeos rfqo( s38g- piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm d)+nn)a;deq59 .p ayk2vl tv goiameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be apppnq )tokaav le2;vg) dy9+ 5.nlied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its largr (re9ok o0fu2;-ciy pe piston has a diametr;yp fu0e9o ki2co-( rer of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forc :k:3khfrbxm58r0k gp e of t:kfk5p:80grb m r 3khxhe water?

  An object has a volume o:o8f o t7vp;t qj,h/*latldi0f $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string wd4llwe8z3:o kj2z:z o hile submerged in water. What is the tension in th4 o2: lz8ldowk jz:3zee string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold5y1ik k(* hurj is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (denibj ( jo5hk78osity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when i5qmx uv02*b1jkjsln3 t is immersed in water. What is the specifivlxkb2*j 30 51nqsumjc gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scalebkjl/amdhf 2a /.(xv 9 reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is sufk/h/jaxv b 2 ma.d(9lspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densitywm+prr xt )5,y(hur 6gy9e8y y of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will jus/a,srj/ a yld0t barely float in water. Wh,0ys/ adj/al rat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m widb6(vihlmuy2 1w vyv; 6e, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the vu 2v ;mwyib6(6lhy1vbox before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the wa1ye i lep),laqi/* r)sf(9wsh ter. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is thq)i,wll)e 9i p/s(* s1ef ahrye weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the sugn hmg7fle 6i +vi;8w/rfagn;+ /gi78evm iw lfh6ce. What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourth.k. djy h7d+mv*y+/usjd t- w(5mmsfts of its volume beneath the surface of the water. Whm 7d mh/sj.vmt+sd+jw(y *. u-yk5tf dat is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is t4* -, hept t*wg7crorwhe minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific grave- hpc4o*r gr,wtt w7*ity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow ratn1w:anst,x em d.mg0.oh5 1m ze.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe aco4q( ,ym6cv6 bu)ziyt 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. W ,v)y y4oic6 m6u(zbcqhat is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizoyvcybx- .tv7na/1 e) kntal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountadu,*j -1gjq vxin with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0j1g- qj*,duxv m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storagj(ga3y vgk,d1n udd:0 e tank that holds wad(dgy1gv un3kja d,:0 ter at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-secaydr4cg m9nap tr3i3,u*ht, ; -rpx;h tional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosir- sis24am-xd ty of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and xd-42ri-sm a s2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fdcvq moljot2 4z(4yh: 4hrd(;u:g;d fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by th; 2d:4(g;omohqvyd ufd ctzr(4hj:4le heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter ofd5h+yha7-ud vxn i1h 4 ahe0d8hc/up2 tube B. If water rises 24 cm ihu4axd0vehnda+dui h/ 512cpy8 7h h -n tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise n78m yqao kkm00ooj0 m6 /ia7;fqix)hin a capillary jh0 8ikmof7aym07mna0 q6o ;oki x/q)tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 destxsp fes4:si,kk9. jp- 1:0qem ,kmy gree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diamiq k,:expkmmss09-syejsp1:,4f .t k eter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the waterj(4 cycvlg kxx no )s0;6jz/iuk,6 v.uyqgi7+ rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in lvj),y(iqoi6g4sx0zkk cnxc ;gu.+/7 jyvu6 the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 mvjd3i0is.8 ;jxaac5+(i jwv o and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within5a 0icso.3xjj+ ii dvav8(j w; its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and ia) wf+9h;iz chn 5fjv;s built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film containeda ;fwfni5h9z;v+ c h)j in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?