The three common phases+ 6vdt2-fkd/h.szzc igm ,co0 of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a den.*ike07dsi-q)5n k+f iau rfzsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pry* s2:dx v9rkgessure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area basw30jej at-t ;+qh6v:mjndv u* e, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than *vmjh jva3+ttn6q j:d wu0; e-A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a4oy hn b;)5 qzcdhv n6o+t42zy tire called?

  When atmospheric presaubxs j/ lpmc 57m61e9sure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottoma/u 5plsjx7mc6 m91be of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath thes/xzimj) lv 8; surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens t;vm8)/sjix l zo the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle 7ptv a8(c*cnqvg +;*oa hug-a.

State Archimedes' princbxyozu4z r7;/;o qfk .5cqp. niple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constag+1 3;i) netk - e-oaa3 p0ix0susghkcnt density, what happens to the buoyant forc0kk3h -;i 0 a3onest ux)sgaepcg1-i+e on it?

  Salt water has greateyhhr/lgct8l +wq 7-4 ir density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in s7h/- yl4rl w8ctgi+hq alt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh gpk it1rru4 m9j j4q//water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water ipj9k r/tmg iu4qj4r/1 s

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of ekf0w-m oh9z *gha/dpt z d11/mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greh/z/wh9gk1p f d otaedz1-0m*ater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a q60c4lqi g9hv10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force hl40vic6qq9g on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in-lr mjfr82l h8 a bathtub. If the iron i l-l2h8frmj8rs removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on(tc.(rzl/od zpy2azf fs5l3 8 top of the first piece, anf 83 p/(o5ztzrc(fas.2d ylz ld does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is lu) kox-x3wx 90qws b4elqv4tdt 4:gb:arger than at point A. Where is the)t0 49x: wque l 4-3vqk xxbtsgdow4b: speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/j2zia hx+o3t5 nfcu .1s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, whatf 32nh xojc1a. 5u+zit is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the dy9ch z,koja*v ;-9psgau0u);sb (ctpipe narrows to half its original rb;opj,;as-udu09y*azgkhc c ) ( 9v stadius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's priw8d;d cl,z-jg73 kdegnciple.

  Which one of the follog*nqye ie 99dp* 8gto*wing is associated with the law of conservation of energy in f**ggdp*o nqti 89yee 9luids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increa ( ,v(ylqya-dvf -zrm4ses, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger 7lq.lyuw b13:zid w d;than at point A. Where is the water pressur 7 uw.izl ;bw1:qld3dye greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper r 8r) rv:tw1a1xg1 gyhbises. This is because

  A sky diver falls th2/tv e)66mxrlg 0v qtoiv89j mrough the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistanc2ltt09e v jgmv)m8qvi6x6o/ r e on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from wia fbjq7:/ 9 jioq,u+a tall tower. Which will reachiqifwjab/:9 7u, jo +q the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius fh /;9q c2padd6kjc 1wr falls through water, it experiences a drag force wkd ;jh/2pc qac 1df69$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? T31 ;xejod+tr5zts l+x se0o2fhat is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quanti+e1zs2tfd xlr;eox03o5t js +ties below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipesr3yj8axm bew.9g0c e: ;jto p+ are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. o .egt8ryj:0w9;+xa c pjeb 3m Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, butq3km w9dna t4,*7 qwlsrlp.0m, gzu1p pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure diffe mgq71lq,m9u0* d,w sa4p3rp.t knz lwrence across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "grea1p:)sd-q3g g c0fyokk sy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead )10p3- gkf kcygos q:dof staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diamet2hyjc r;cxt- t zk0e40vz6gw7mq9e0ter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, h0 ezh ktrx-t;vejyc g0mz7wq t2 4c609ow high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweigv9da 4 3pj3qqiht that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface te pa33 94jqvdqinsion. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the wateryl+bpt5k2 d3i bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possibl5+2lb3p tydkie because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 37kq 2 3g-3g.8e jezk knoiysr*kguyar4p;3) u0.0 g. r2r*qgyk e4gj3y k;kz.g7so3 8u-anupi 3 e)k What is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of ri gb-c7e:0)k njrmfz6y( v+g 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measurendsqw 1g(13asa+g6(hx3uv p +hxx3vis 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exe(pnax3i6xw u+1 ghdhs+ vgsva3q3(x1rt on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has 0ywsryg8bfz d ro1f2u5/p6x gp 6sb/.area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth ofkz3+b; x1v)7g.xl1d8ebz r utf:ld xz 120.0 m in the r;z: kl 1xx8tbf7)zzvd1ub d+leg3x .ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can 1 (ov;e(/ aw txju6btcwithstand a maximum force of 1 j 6owb(t/ca;tuxev($5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if nq58id /pzzy-fda1 c . 9lvdj;the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below t/hp5cjyl l o2-he surface of sea? (The density 5y 2-hocljpl/ of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sur7, slbpf5vahh14t : ehii:lh 3face of sea? (The den4f 3st i:v e:l h5ihhpl7ah,b1sity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The sm yn0l5nkl)7yd ;id7yl all piston has are;ilny n5d7ld7yk l)y0a $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cmc/..u;pt mu,cp- ac6 qs rw,yq and the large piston has/cm, ruu6;tp.cac,. qwysq -p a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameo:j8 s;xaesvf4.c e)vnr+q (ater hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter p ;jfa4csq.evoxn 8s v(e:r a)+iston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic cus3gy9 p p(lvkil9q:th.d70 lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40pypll t9q.v7chk:(0gs39ui d cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Wh4tw/t v38qhhm at is the buoyant force of the water?4 h3tqvw8/hm t

  An object has a volume of nf2*gc 96gw 6-sro mbw ttbf-,$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a sc;sc(mc n93ax asmz4* lo0+/n ttmv+otring while submerged in water. What is the tenoax (tmn 04mvonml/c*+ ;9+ sca tcz3ssion in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of golrnt f coa - 4ld**3f5bqd3;movd is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (denv*gzit9w bkfoxea5w.acb 13 82 8 m*musity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when d )yuxefbc -7(t1f+ 1wnj0ydcit is immersed in water. What is the spe(nwbc + dyex)1cy7 j-1df 0futcific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Nn;lno- dfou0 /0qieu b9 vb(w 9e6sl(mow a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into/(iobll sv6qm bnd9 ;uw 0-9(eonfu0e the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with /3 . vb1qmup u2eggd:ba mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm 2oakcm6 ). x2ob8ykn iwill just barely float in wat2ai2yc x6 oon.mb k8k)er. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.z7si8otxn4v u* 5jwc:50 m high. How many kilograms of mass js:c45xt8v* wzu ino 7can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of t85 v xh5dqxyn:he water. The weight ofxy:5 nxdq v5h8 the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in watlrx16dwygpz hez 4hu+) f-j(* er with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the o +fz(*jh4rezuh w xyl)d6g p1-bject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume. +tg0)t gni:f(/ ejuvy1gqeo beneath the surface of the water. .qt) g1ef+ jo gyugi:t/(evn 0What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thic)z dg ;ae1xk5 r/jfl)zl65bs wk. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just sx d1rl; 5aj)b kzfs wz5e6l/g)upport the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 +eqv3k1mb kgvg e xg(kq8y,-:e6jy3lcm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diam44kx b t608 )xb+kuusw54 rpw0lh bvnyeter ruwb)+ 0hyu l4ntpxx 584b0k6s 4vwrbkestriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a 3z*qf5x u vb6bhorizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drink+k 2opz0/ me8pyqp ol(4 r14 yoqzyb1;hj/dniing fountain with 300 kPa, if they4ry/njze0k(o2pq iz 8 p4b1 1dqy+moop;lh / fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water sto;,s,g)j +skn w luvp*yrage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will w w;*klsuvj) s ,gny+,pater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizop7 a9dszkojk0zi(m 6g-; rb4mntal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. -6*eafv*ht()o bmep-*okr is j6zh1b How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a f pt6o*(zeb 1 )*-hkha-be irosfv6m*junnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on;;n m03,yn3thhzplo p the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the press;,;3lz pnm0o 3 tpyhhnure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter z -ren8dln2f 1y:u-zm of tz--ufnz :mdyr e8 l21nube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. 4t8(stn da w*o ;lsxoc+uz a74 How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 lu4w4znt7ac (; xts+8* aodos mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tub1 kkh4+)1tglkor q/,oxjhx y.e with a dgktjx,4+lk h1x1qohk/ o r.y)iameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertica)zxd0xj h+.5 zr plkzs *9ph7zlly in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid ip*+.hlzz 5 srxzhdj )p0zkx79s lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of7kvbrmt,j:- (, n wnwd length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600vk(ntm,,rn 7wb-:w dj m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12shzalx m2.+9u *fxcr* g;h9;yx ozg+s cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm s9x+z; u* m9rxc 2z*g;s hs x.glhafy+oquare?