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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is 1n(cj0ppn;obllww25o2*k d v an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, zxo;u56pjmjnj kh,0340vf xnthere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody;9bii l8bmrr; namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temper8,(jqz le dn/k 5b-+a7uz(a 5vo ahapaature. This prov8 dja (zbalako up5-/7hae (anqz5, +cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compr 5s2nduhi18ceb p7-k5 y zb:lfessed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas.-71k2l u8fbyb np :55izs hdce What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-ha+w01 5x* afo *fxnrdo r4bsoi2lf its original volume during an isothermal proceso4si f1o+ 0*dxawo xrn*b2 rf5s. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotj5pe pxyu5ec*oe+sp(r :/o6yhermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of thepr u5y(:ooecs ex5+6pe/y* pj following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an fp;ea;) to7n yu jjzcswe+: bok 6h*.-isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundiwy :azup jh76b;)t; sofc- en.o+kje *ngs. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,- mo42za0 bgjt $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origgdh-; 69m3mk rn sg-nginal volume during an adiabatic procesr h9-dn;m m g36ksgng-s. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one contains fh,f3;8+ + 7qj.wuvmeuki wkge fqkw3 wh uk;fm+g7 u8v,.ji+ $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of* ; )xc.ipzsbpv;u*4kqvn ae atq*a( ) gas identical in all respects except that one contains a(nzv;p kai4)).x*qquts* ;ce vba*p $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram isa 2.*+ tx ,rvdfudn+yf an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chang. :c 8mreuknn8e in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,eh+ (xo 1pgf2k $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant proyyc*s6 () 2mtr0apk jessure as heat is added to it. This proces0a*co(m)6y2r jtkpy ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal d9t3rg2rw 5jjtku* j fxz ,k;++se6ixgas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gfk;*+r2 j6sx trz ke3xig5,9 j uwtdj+as

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramt:c;(+gjdt0gxbqwa0. e (fao is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the iw6bx, v.ut+ere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic*(c zysc2lj u6e-xb1cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energ:os weg72p,tcy is added to it. Thi:sg,ctoep7w2 s process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal t98j f67ccaw7fe r y5agas at constant volume. As a result, the internal enera tcf78 jwecra5y679 fgy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of j.c/ewsof 5(lthermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold resp uj4lfl f.fms6f 195gervoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservw0djo6h(v t(4 y mh0wyoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law o syr/ v lfjcbvuv4 1uew-)78o4f thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hereaq yert2+.d4r 5 o*o9u.k snst. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on q kot. 5 srnr*.9aoeus t4+2dythis cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is def.m70mk 4fp t cx1)/doit )texrehz, a,ined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 1n l9 tz2p2n p6wz7i6+jp (rynv00%, the heat sink must v76pni9pl+znrw j n6(yt p22zbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis9f5on 1jc l8qgw:)u -av 5pvddts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement obdw7 o h9y9 7,4cvuflef the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is diwtf capb6zv6 072pza q3ic v* 27ko4mefined as the ratio of iz fa a om23 2ziv6*cb4pkc6ptq0w77v

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is de4t f*7fs su yx7l41elhfined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, twv46i/ox do:da* w*yuhe entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of therm o tjd(lso, ovu74iowm0d 4x4-odynamics, for any process that may occur withw- o(,oo74 40 tomli4svudjxdin an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermp0q gk.:x,jdtodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of ther6d .pww*xo,ycf)p 6mumodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from f4htzn) sc;5x8n rv/y 8t*ptkan ideal gas. What is4rt8z p8t*y/kvf 5nsxt;n) hc the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. pdiq c-l1 ;av 2uie,p/What is the work done in the prou, vp le 1ipca;d-q2/icess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal proceshy57s;h 2fwbj s is -400 J. What is the 2jhb7fs y 5hw;change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What isqj:p yss8ul4 * the change in iy4j:p 8uqs* slnternal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of wm )g:qcr-( ypp 08hvhbork. What is the change in internal 0g8 bvqpr hyh:mp-)c(energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system2,f4 , 3o4j tf aapy9iy(wsqso decreases by 50 J. What is th fpiyoo 4,3,94 aytwfs2j a(sqe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal eneik2-u -ce -hr)gw4fdlnz *;wergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is then2- -*e l- cidz gk)4whuref;w heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at co v 7tb5cut3oq2nstant volume as it is coolv3 tuqtb7c2o5 ed by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of enzg .67 cytgudu2j03yu;d8rd dergy is removed from it. dzuj;.rt0 y3c2uy6ugd8d 7gdHow many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat u.wk7ssyq-aihp+c5 / er at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cyc.eqlbey 0)4)r w.zxo,5 uxiu0rsc3 wzle. What is tx quzi,u .)yboe0s.3zwxwcl r4)r0e 5he efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of hea4pu8-bidrap w,rsn,a mb a+08t per cycle. How much work does it perw- n4b8pa,i0rspudrba ,m 8 +aform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.018uft3j pwsw, jzk28c% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat dofj1upwj kz ,tc28 8ws3es it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhsxlr/z2k-)keog *3 m 5xq q;mdausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each s3k q;m5/ol x)*zde2gmq k- rxcycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcan8m u1)x67*xq:ejnuo rjts7 wl. Calculate the work donj :u1 8jxeo7n mw rqut6nx7*)se each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines builkj 23qelrrwx9 e3,t7.hl 6jb wt so far has the following characteristics: combustion klh3w,b 2r.q 9 j xj6l3eewrt7chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followin8esr rsm; z:nwi(v09wg characteristics: combustion chamew; 0sri8rs:n v9wz(mber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines bui,b qr73 :roeqp9o5z-( s hpjkslt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber ter-, 5oq3rz :o pqh(s 7k9epsjbmperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genervu(d+ mxq4o dbb u45a2ates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generattoqn, x9q 02qd t(u.zees 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pouut- i yc7g+gm;4j f(ower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operatp-:dk0bx g)a8 j o3qives between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoreticalh, 4(pfeq/bktsa67zfb)mcge6au. c l21 fwp1 efficiency possible for an engine operating between /4ck,b)aafutmlh.eqfp11( 2gzb wp ec6 sf76$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperatu5 ats3;/ik hhjre of the cold reservoir if the temperature ofsih;k53atj /h the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweezel5qrhm tk0 gbpkwz:+2:m j qgy9 469 /if7dln $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat froa:/q esdn d+rhn37*kcm the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is requireq a 3dcn7r* he+d:ns/kd in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of o/6.s kp,g6c )cvl tyy20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the) .6ycc,y 6kt vsp/log coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat fr0qcs-bsl*kp / wurnzd )9z. g.om the freezer-.br/0dsupg 9.s*)zc w klzqn and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change inaa( f+*ts4s* 7xs9 aqlysv9ax d+azln u3gm1+ entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fre,laijjxm;vftv3g7 qg;s,7m9ezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and itrdc/fh /ye/bjz)c+ 8k s entropy k)d/c//8 +f jybercz hchanges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at pu mio n+9a1:e$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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