A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy is-cw7s3;erx c*i:svu 5d ;lbynto electrical energy is cauids5vc w7 c;xr:el-;ys*3 s blled a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's full cross section at /zusrg;lg r q;nb:(7 ganyg qzg:gl7rur/ns (;b; point per unit of time is referred to as

  The direction of convention currenq fcz-t s:j 8b:ko1xb/t is taken to be the direction that

  A coulomb per second isxd,*v d 5anzky jwi*75 the same as

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measure of their;x7adtq3 fo .n

  The resistance of a wire is defin mmq,8ww6yt *med as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a we3mriq3hn -e7ire is

  The resistivity of a wire depen5 6lydm2;s rvkds on

  Which conducting material has the fad)-ef+le)ky4l g /lc-bkt /)- wm lrlowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the other. How do the r7(k,a43fwrdvcij;5t dpsn1 besistiviti4j(w7fpdns; k 1c3itavrd,b5 es of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length o351smnxgtik-i i93dv lif 2 u*f the other. How do the resistances of the 3n2l9d-ti1i 5*sf ixvgku m3ise two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-secs4 0gjqi .bk;ptional area of the other. How do thgbqsk; 0p j4.ie resistances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has tww z +s*n,r3tvnice the length and twice the cross-sectional area of the other. How do the resistances of these two wires comp srtnw+,3* zvnare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. By what factr6hw*j n yrb)4or does the resistance ch)y nr*hj6r4bw ange?

  How much more resistance does a 1.0 cm diamyerre698; pf3qbz6t+k c 3giketer rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the s6 iq6zr et9c pfyk3g8brk;+ 3eame length and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most common ux ).wd-nexy;u1x5 r;l)nopmmetals

  Negative temperature coefficin,ja+v j m) .mbfk::leents of resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalent to/2w ::fexziasjga.xw 0hvz 9w -;g zt7?

  A kilowatt-hour is eqj3*5+ w/vo azjx uoy0kuivalent to

  If the resistance in a constant voltage circuit is doubled, the powsznwpy0dtmgdz3.w41* 0q. c ot;; er wer dissipated by that cwszcn;pd.gqew 41dowm 0zr3;*0. ty tircuit will

  If the voltage across a circuit of constant resistanftg 39li: 4xomhop4j +ce is doubled, the power dissipated by tht+m3hgjolf9 4i po4x:at circuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current :nmguc(t(j( c(pl hn;flowing is doubled, the power (h nlgc: n jup((;(tcmdissipated by that circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is+/ mrl 4mfk 2o4z0yuyr doubled, the power dissipated by thay2ryr u/mzf+m 0o4 kl4t circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output is reduced by 5.0%.mpvpu 6ia:6nocu3q2: By what percentage is the power on a resistor 662cpao mv:q3uiupn: affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect to7l0 z:rzz ;l ypo8zstd7vt p+5 time is referred to as

  Consider two copper wires each carrying a current jw1omlk*o /22 q8o *eaa+nq f6texm2xof 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in the smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wir22tl8a/ne q m*6xx oq +fmko *1ewajo2e is

  Materials in which the resistivity becomes;7* wdg6 cpuvv essentially zero at very low temperatures are referred to a* vc7duv;g wp6s

  What current is flowing if 0.6mf(x) yqda.y. 7 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes thro 5bkk ftyfo;tib 9 .ma5df,d05ugh an electroplating apparatus in 2.0 min. What is the averagd 5o5 d9atbtfkb. mi,5f ykf0;e current?

  How much charge must pass by a point in 10 s for the o9g8xuo, g tf we)5x4kcurrent to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing iffhym8fkqv0lfbk-5 t659 r2 h c $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has been left onf*ryw :8rg)ktkxf 7e( for 10 min. What is the net number of electronskr8x gkw ()*e fr7f:ty that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating uspmd l ; 2j,oy -ojxe (;d90p7f7fpoaprocess, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a metal part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long sm ,(;lo ef7fy27 dap0ou-;ojx9 dj ppmust the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.00 A to;iz smu- p/(yycdecjp5km+, yv.f i+ / flow through a resistance of 3si-v, /. fydmpi+ucpyje/ z(yk;cm 5+30 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the current througx q ep0u0:,xphh it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is connected across 220 V. What :h l: 3qpxsw76 8w*)b kqzsezjcurrent will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V *zly5u *wadv, draws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistance?*l,* 5 uavdzyw

  A 12-V battery is connu b wh/i3dv,bf.rw5)s8smj5 mected to a 100-W resistor. How many electrons flow through the wi w8 )v3rs/hbmj wb.55md,ifsure in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wire of diameter 0.40 inch? (j 8ylmkqj);6 eo+sj,+ mfzqn0The resistivity of coppmq+yq60e zj8m+f nks ol) ,jj;er is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diametey x1cv1 )ip 4r/n84 oiotytnv;r and 45 m long, if the resistivity1oi1cnyty v 4r8)/vi onp;xt4 is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wicjbk klnta7/fp( (4qywy42vb-a6s :u5ydab/re (resistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (ret17 s n7) k*v5oxexrhn4q.ol* ge)fhksistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, meaq ve.4e.tdq7(3 h e k9ehbs hclx.6mr9sures 0.040 ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-m l8gqht16gmb *5hp dkt)ong 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is connectgg)kt h1 htq *m56dp8bed to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 c;)7-r n 7vm; ni1qhv(uk/7rfz fz6elf+ vh sszm long and of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is the voltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is 7-( fr;z1vqv 7 i zl mnh);h6un/ezf7fk+svrs$1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a 1eagt+ adi+r5 radius of 0.50 mm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (resji .xv sm dxw-i4iiet 2w4,t655z)t axistivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has aw h(qy h m(84e (gabbu eauh)2bm-9b3a resistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coefficient of rjlel(1d rr43sf3 fa,nfsc; g+esistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is ukw xls6 9w(*ljqu 1*kk:+ ubsssed to determine the melting point of indium. The resistance of thws+xswlkkq*1*9(j b :6uskl ue platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing throug54/y: v+ny1dk jprb nfh an $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. Whil .: +3gzxpbkat current will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb runninggap.0y74 fh.w;hm c so 4n2ljfgs4r.s on 110 V draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance of zqsh alw- ;p1ws07yq2 a 100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 120-V ci7 z shwsq;al12w-0y pqrcuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W atcg,9:8c gqf6d:g h jrv 120 V. What is the resistance of its heating element?gd qfv,:j g:8 6hccg9r

  A 200-W resistor is rah0)jzw)4l k ooted at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is j bfq1 r27 jj(et+yfi6ze0 :korated at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If ipc712xj z jvh.p koc0pqoyaw 6 8.i.8kt is used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it v-bw 0 ht5ou;w.t8quris used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What gq y(qd4hb-x b:ypebc .p7,7m is its resistance?

  How much does it cost uoa3k kzst 13dh(h *k1to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energy costszh1kohu dtsak* 331k( $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 100-W light bulb usicg eqr-9ah 0p8.q71 fnf*uca e in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 12 .nh enebxrr3gd2h07 20-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat energy rnh3 7gbdne r xe.02h2is produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V andpiddno)s/k 3u kw9v ctm 7*;vu-6 sd,f 160 A-h. How much energy does the battery store? mtfn 9iw*s )u/s3d6;kdudvok7,v-cp

  How much energy doesu vfh p*l:0b+r a 25-W soldering iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway lightke 46cgox)hvnj66e. e o0z1kn bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assuming the power company charnvnec4j 6g6xez .o0 )keko h16ges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turnejpkgm)qo6m 3 2d on 8.0 hours per day. If electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does it cost to run the cp) mgmjo 3kq26omputer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electricn3si ff- 2pfq5 bill included the cost of running a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of t2fp5- s3ifn qfen 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an electric drier operates on 240 V and generate3t* lfi/.eg3h/d l i ylg2ekz8s heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 1l/keeh.3l gf 8 tyzg3 i/d*i2l0%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have on the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows thro8e/k+ 7do4p +nxjcw) nt8ms xwrgt -q/ugh $8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs nr *5 i3hrphhi 7e;oy4$1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the rate of 5x7 la5f7 rb4+ooel ap2.0 hp has 60% efficiency. How much current does it draw from a 120-V line? 75b4r5ofpa ex+aoll7($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac pf onf)q6+t(zjho zr2) 7drr,eower source. What rms current flows through th 7t2nq)o6+z)d,jrrfzhoe( r fis device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power sdm7aq 5j0m9f source. What peak current flows t q9msaj507m dfhrough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac power r7lb0w9ugn* ks2 9 gpk a(-bkksource. What is the peak voltage across this d9kb*gwkl a 9g(7n b0us -rkp2kevice?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe current it can cy.dd )r gkucsij:g4 6)jp c,0zarry (in order to prevent fire dange dps 4z0j6.cjg:rd,c )y)ikgur in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)